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Function of the Bones
Support - MusclesProtection - organs, heart, and brainMovement- point of attachment for skeletal musclesStorage- calcium,adiposeandphosphorusHematopoiesis- Makes blood TERM 2
Skeletal tissue
DEFINITION 2 Bone- Connective tissue - two varieties calcium, and phosphorusCartilage- Connective tissue,collagenfibers, TERM 3
Types of
Cartilage
DEFINITION 3 Hyaline cartilage- end of long bones andtracheaElastic Cartilage- Ears and epiglatisFibrocartilages - Between disks TERM 4
Bone
Shapes
DEFINITION 4 Long bones- limbsFlat bones- skullShort Bones- cube shapedIrregular bones- Catch all- Pelvis TERM 5
Microscopic Anatomy
DEFINITION 5 Supportive Connective Tissue
Osteoblasts
Osteoblasts are mononucleate cells that are responsible for bone formation; in essence, osteoblasts are specialized fibroblasts that in addition to fibroblastic products, express bone sialoprotein and osteocalcin. TERM 7
Osteocytes
DEFINITION 7 Mature bone cells TERM 8
Osteoclasts
DEFINITION 8 Eat away bone material, but the material back into use building more bone TERM 9
Lacunae
DEFINITION 9 Small pockets in the matrix TERM 10
Lamellae
DEFINITION 10 A layer of bone
Long bone regions
Diaphysis - mainlength section, composed of compact bone, has yellow marrow in adults, and red marrow in infants, stores adiposeEpiphyses - ends of bones, composed of compact bone surrounding spongy bone, contains red marrow, epiphyseal line this is the place of bone growth length wise TERM 17
Hyaline cartilage located?
DEFINITION 17 At ends of bones, to provide a slippery surface TERM 18
Periosteum
DEFINITION 18 Outer covering of diaphysis, alot of pain receptors TERM 19
Bones begin as
DEFINITION 19 cartilage molds TERM 20
Ossification
DEFINITION 20 Forming of hard bone
Bone formation and development
Cartilage forms modelosteoblasts invade form primary ossification point make bone collarChondrosytes become isolated and dieOsteoblasts become isolated and become osteocytesblood vessels invade and bring osteoclastsDevelopment continues, eat away center add to outerat birth bone diaphysis and cartilage epiphysis TERM 22
Epiphyseal growth
DEFINITION 22 Growth length TERM 23
Appositional Growth
DEFINITION 23 Growth in width, just deep to the periostium , ends between 18- TERM 24
Osteoclasts
DEFINITION 24 active on the inside of a bone, move over surface and eat way TERM 25
Osteoblasts
DEFINITION 25 Active on the outside of a bone , lay new layers down
Rising blood calcium levels
stimulates thyroid to release calcitoninStimulates osteoblasts to store calciumas a result blood calcium levels drop TERM 32
Fracture
DEFINITION 32 Any break in the bone TERM 33
Displaced Fracture
DEFINITION 33 Ends of bone are out of alignment TERM 34
Non-Displaced Fracture
DEFINITION 34 Ends of bone are in alignment TERM 35
Simple or Closed Fx
DEFINITION 35 Does notpenetratethe skin
Compound or Open Fx
Bone penetrates the skin TERM 37
Compression Fracture
DEFINITION 37 A compression fracture is a collapse of a vertebra. It may be due to trauma or due to a weakening of the vertebra. Crushing... TERM 38
Comminuted Fracture
DEFINITION 38 Shattered TERM 39
Green-stick fracture
DEFINITION 39 Agreen-stickis a fracture in a young, soft bone in which the bone bends and partially breaks. Splintering TERM 40
Fracture Treatment
DEFINITION 40 closed reduction- realign bone by hand then castingOpen reduction- surgical realignment then casting ( must leave access to surgical sight.
Bursitis
Bursitis is the inflammation of one or more bursae of synovial fluid in the body. The bursae rest at the points where internal functionaries, such as muscles and tendons, slide across bone. TERM 47
Tendinitis
DEFINITION 47 Tendinitis, meaning inflammation of a tendon, is a type of tendinopathy often confused with the more common tendinosis, which has similar symptoms but requires different treatment. TERM 48
Arthritis
DEFINITION 48 Arthritis is a form of joint disorder that involves inflammation of one or more joints. TERM 49
Osteoarthritis
DEFINITION 49 Lose of cartilage , bone to bone friction TERM 50
Rheumatoid Arthritis
DEFINITION 50 Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disorder that may affect many tissues and organs, but principally attacks flexible (synovial) joints.
Gouty Arthritis
Gout is a medical condition usually characterized by recurrent attacks of acute inflammatory arthritis-a red, tender, hot, swollen joint. Uric Acid, builds up in the blood stream, forms crystals in the soft tissues of the joint, results in damage to the join
