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Slides on Mesopotamia The Land Between Two Rivers | HUM 101, Study notes of Humanities

Material Type: Notes; Professor: Jambard-Sweet; Class: Humanities I - Ancient to Medi; Subject: Humanities(HUM); University: Washtenaw Community College; Term: Winter 2010;

Typology: Study notes

2009/2010

Uploaded on 02/21/2010

jrob09
jrob09 🇺🇸

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MESOPOTAMIA
The Land Between Two Rivers
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MESOPOTAMIA

The Land Between Two Rivers

Requirements for Civilization

 Urban revolution

 Political and Military Structures

 Social Structure based on economic power

 Complex technology

 Writing

 Distinct religious structure

 Artistic and cultural activity

 Agriculture

The land between two rivers

 Three successive civilizations flourished in Mesopotamia for over 1500 years  Sumerians  Akkadians  Babylonians

 Sumer was different from all other earlier civilizations  Advanced cities  Specialized workers  Complex institutions  Record keeping  Advanced technology  Developed city-states  Food surplus increased population which expanded trade and led to expansion of Sumerian society

 Polytheistic

 Wrote myths ( Epic of Gilgamesh )

 Had social classes

 Priests and kings were at the top  Slaves were at the bottom

 Women probably couldn’t attend school but had many other rights

 Advances in mathematics

 Number system based on 60 (60 seconds=1 minute)

 Polytheistic

 Remains relatively consistent in Mesopotamia despite power struggles and the rise and fall of civilizations

 Gods represent natural forces and in some cases abstract ideas like truth or justice

Ziggurat-

A pyramidal temple structure consisting of successive platforms with outside staircases and a shrine at the top

Ziggurat at Ur (modern Tell Muqayyar) Iraq , ca. 2,100 B.C.E., mud brick

 One of 30 or 40 cities in the Sumerian (ca. 5000- 2350 BCE) section of Mesopotamia

 Discovered in 1922 by the British archeologist C. Leonard Woolley

 Ur was abandoned when the Euphrates River changed its course away from the city