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SNHU CAPSTONE EXAM 1 2025 |159 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
- The triage nurse is prioritizing adult clients to be evaluated in the emergency department. Which client does the nurse assess first? A client with a temperature of 100°F (37.8°C). A client reporting vomiting for the past several hours. A client with a persistent nosebleed. A client reporting arm pain after falling off a chair.
- A client with a foot ulcer is admitted to the medical unit with Vancomycin- Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (VRSA). Which task is appropriate to assign to an LPN/LVN? Assess for further infection risks Plan a protein-rich diet for the client Obtain wound culture with aseptic technique Provide education on wound care
- A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has ulcerative colitis and requires low fiber diet. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following foods? white rice bananas cooked carrots dried apricots
- Discuss the significance of Mary Seacole's contributions to nursing during
the Crimean War.
A client with respirations of 20 and O2 sat of 94% on room air A client reporting a headache with a pain score 3/
- Why is the client with a long leg cast and pain after taking vicodin prioritized over the other clients? The client after a liver biopsy requires monitoring for bleeding. The client with a long leg cast may be experiencing compartment syndrome, which is a medical emergency. The postpartum client needs support for breastfeeding issues. The young child may have a risk of infection post-surgery.
- The staff nurse just received report for her shift. Which client will she need to assess first? - A client with a lung lobectomy 1 day ago - A client with a left femur fracture in a cast - A client complainin of a headache of 2/ - A client that had a laryngectomy 5 hours ago
- Which of the following tasks can LPNs perform according to the provided information? Administer medications Develop nursing care plans Diagnose medical conditions Perform major surgeries
- Describe the significance of monitoring amylase levels in a patient with acute pancreatitis. Amylase is unrelated to pancreatic function and is used for kidney assessment.
Monitoring amylase levels helps assess the severity of pancreatitis and the effectiveness of treatment. Amylase levels indicate liver function in patients with pancreatitis. Amylase levels are only relevant after surgery for pancreatitis.
- When assessing a 22yo pt who required emergency surgery and multiple transfusions 3 days ago, the nurse notes the pt is anxious with labored breaths at a rate of 38/min. SpO2 is 90% on oxygen at 6L via nasal cannula. Which action is most appropriate? switch the pt to a nonrebreather mask at 95% FiO2 and call the provider assist the pt to use the incentive spirometer and splint the chest with a pillow administer the ordered morphine sulfate to decrease anxiety and hyperventilation increase the flow rate to 10L and reassess in 10mins
- If the nurse identifies that the client with the long leg cast is indeed experiencing compartment syndrome, what immediate action should the nurse take? Encourage the client to elevate the leg and rest. Reassess the cast for tightness and apply ice to the area. Administer additional pain medication and monitor vital signs. Notify the healthcare provider and prepare for possible surgical intervention.
- Why is it important for a nurse to consider the formation of fistulas when teaching a patient with Crohn's disease about urinary tract infections? Fistulas are unrelated to urinary health.
Clara Barton was a prominent figure in the development of nursing ethics. Clara Barton established the first nursing school in the United States. Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross and played a crucial role in providing medical care during wartime.
- Which client is most stable and suitable for transfer to a step-down unit? A- Client with head injury and seizure B- Client with an ischemic stroke 4 days ago with confusion C- Client who is 1 - day post op after a transsphenoidal craniotomy with a cerebrospinal fluid leak D- Client with bacterial meningitis and a Glasgow coma scale of 7
- Describe how hypokalemia is related to the symptoms of metabolic alkalosis. Hypokalemia can lead to muscle cramps and dysrhythmias, which are symptoms of metabolic alkalosis. Hypokalemia causes increased respiratory rate, which is a symptom of metabolic alkalosis. Hypokalemia only affects heart rate, not muscle function. Hypokalemia is unrelated to metabolic alkalosis symptoms.
- Why is it critical for the nurse to assess the patient with multiple injuries first? The patient with Graves disease has a scheduled surgery. The post-appendectomy patient is waiting for discharge. The patient with peptic ulcer disease is scheduled for surgery soon.
The patient with multiple injuries is likely the most unstable and requires immediate assessment.
- Discuss why a client with full thickness burns is at higher risk for nosocomial infections compared to other clients in the scenarios provided. A client with Type I diabetes has a stable immune system, reducing infection risk. A client with alcohol abuse has a strong immune response. A client with full thickness burns has compromised skin integrity, which increases the risk of infection. A client recovering from a cholecystectomy has no risk factors for infection.
- Why would the nurse choose to hold sucralfate for a client with peptic ulcer disease? Sucralfate is typically administered on an empty stomach to be effective. Sucralfate is not necessary for peptic ulcer disease. Sucralfate should be given with food to enhance absorption. Sucralfate is contraindicated in all patients with ulcers.
- Who is recognized for her contributions to nursing during the Crimean War alongside Florence Nightingale? Clara Barton Mary Seacole Nightingale Dorothea Dix
LPNs are responsible for administering medications, monitoring patients, and executing nursing care plans formulated by RNs. LPNs are not allowed to administer medications or monitor patients. LPNs are primarily responsible for diagnosing medical conditions.
- Describe how histamine 2 receptor blocker antagonists contribute to the management of peptic ulcer disease. They stimulate the production of digestive enzymes. They neutralize stomach acid immediately after eating. They increase the production of mucus to protect the stomach lining. They decrease gastric acid secretion, which helps heal the ulcer and relieve symptoms.
- In a scenario where a disaster strikes and a nurse is tasked with organizing a response team, how might Clara Barton's principles influence the nurse's approach? The nurse would delegate all responsibilities to untrained volunteers. The nurse would focus solely on administrative tasks. The nurse would wait for further instructions from higher authorities before acting. The nurse would prioritize immediate medical care and establish a system for efficient resource allocation.
- Why is a low-fiber diet recommended for clients with ulcerative colitis?
A low-fiber diet helps reduce bowel irritation and manage symptoms. A low-fiber diet prevents dehydration. A low-fiber diet is necessary for weight gain. A low-fiber diet increases nutrient absorption.
- In a clinical scenario where a patient has a low pH (acidosis), what would you expect to happen to their potassium levels and overall patient responses? Potassium levels would increase, and patient responses would remain unchanged. Potassium levels would decrease, and patient responses would increase. Potassium levels would remain stable, and patient responses would remain unchanged. Potassium levels would increase, and patient responses would decrease.
- Which client is experiencing a potential complication related to a long leg cast? A client with a long leg cast with pain after taking vicodin A young child with a sore throat after tonsillectomy A client with pain 2 hours after a liver biopsy A client 2 days postpartum with pain during breastfeeding
- Discuss the impact of World War I on the evolution of nursing roles, specifically regarding the introduction of CRNAs. World War I had no impact on nursing roles.
An LPN can evaluate patient outcomes without supervision. An LPN cannot perform in-depth assessments, formulate care plans, or evaluate patient outcomes. An LPN can perform all nursing tasks under any circumstances.
- The nurse is taking care of a patient with acute pancreatitis. For which lab value should the nurse expect to be abnormal? Stool DNA Test. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Bilirubin. Amylase.
- Why is it important to switch a patient to a nonrebreather mask when their oxygen saturation is at 90%? A nonrebreather mask provides higher concentrations of oxygen, which is necessary for patients with low oxygen saturation. A nonrebreather mask is more comfortable for the patient than a nasal cannula. A nonrebreather mask is used to prevent hyperventilation in anxious patients. A nonrebreather mask is only used for patients who are unconscious.
- The healthcare team is providing emergency care to a client who received an excessive dose of opioid pain medication. Which task is best to assign to the LPN? Monitoring the respiratory rate for the first 30 minutes. Administering naloxone and evaluating response to therapy.
Calling the HCP to report SBAR of situation. Applying oxygen per nasal cannula as ordered.
- A client hospitalized with an acute illness requiring mechanical ventilation is placed on a histamine 2 receptor blocker, even though there is no history of ulcer disease. Why might the client be on an H antagonist? To prevent gastrointestinal bleeding To reduce the risk of stress ulcers To alleviate symptoms of gastric reflux Both a and b
- In a scenario where a nurse must prioritize patients, how would the presence of unstable vital signs influence the assessment order? Only patients scheduled for surgery should be prioritized. Patients with unstable vital signs should be assessed first due to their immediate risk of deterioration. All patients should be assessed in the order they were admitted. Stable patients should always be assessed first to ensure timely care.
- In a scenario where a patient is experiencing severe pain, which task would be inappropriate to delegate to a UAP and why? Monitoring the client for signs of discomfort while ambulation because it requires assessment. Evaluating relief after applying a cold compress because it is a physical task. Assisting the client with preparation of a sitz bath because it is a physical task.
Delegating tasks allows for efficient patient care while ensuring that each team member works within their scope of practice.
- Why is it critical to assess the 50 year old client with asthma first in this scenario? The COPD patient has a stable pulse oximetry reading and does not need immediate attention. The client on a ventilator requires routine care and can wait for assessment. The pneumonia patient is stable and can wait for IV antibiotics. The client is experiencing shortness of breath after bronchodilator use, indicating a potential respiratory emergency.
- If the nurse observes that the client’s symptoms worsen after eating, what should be the nurse's next step in patient care? Advise the client to eat smaller meals throughout the day. Encourage the client to wait and see if the symptoms improve on their own. Suggest the client try a new diet without consulting a doctor. Reassess the client and notify the healthcare provider for further evaluation.
- What is a key symptom of acute cholecystitis that should be reported to the health care provider? Clear yellow urine Complaints of heartburn Decreased pain after analgesic Gray colored stools
- Why is it critical for a triage nurse to prioritize patients based on severity of their condition? It ensures that all patients are treated equally regardless of their condition. It helps nurses to delegate tasks more effectively. Prioritizing patients ensures that those with life-threatening conditions receive immediate care. It allows for a more organized patient flow in the emergency department.
- Which patient is the most appropriate to assign to an LPN/LVN under the supervision of an RN? A patient with oral cancer who is scheduled for a glossectomy in the morning A patient with intermittent nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy An obese patient who has returned from surgery after a vertical banded gastroplasty A patient with anorexia nervosa who has muscle weakness and decreased urine output
- Discuss the significance of Clara Maas's actions in the context of nursing during the Spanish-American War. Clara Maas's actions were criticized by her peers for being reckless. Clara Maas's actions had no significant impact on nursing practices. Clara Maas's actions were primarily motivated by personal gain and recognition.
LPNs are not trained to perform initial assessments which require comprehensive clinical judgment. LPNs lack the authority to make any patient-related decisions.
- LPNs cannot do any of the following assessments admission/discharge transfer first assessment after there has been a change All of the above
- A patient presents with a blood pH of 7.30. What immediate action should the nurse consider? Assess for signs of acidosis and notify the healthcare provider. Administer a diuretic. Schedule a follow-up appointment. Increase the patient's oxygen supply.
- What is the primary action of histamine 2 receptor blocker antagonists in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease? Block bradykinin production by inflammatory regulators Increase the amount of HCO3 regulated by the kidneys Coat the stomach lining to prevent injury/inflammation when eating Decrease the amount of HCl secretion by the parietal cells in the stomach
- A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) tells the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) that he did not get his annual flu shot this year and has not had a pneumonia vaccination. Which vital sign
change will be most important for the nurse to instruct the UAP to report? Respiratory rate of 27 breaths/min Heart rate of 92 beats/min Oral temperature of 101.2°F (38.4°C) Blood pressure of 152/84 mm Hg
- If a patient continues to show signs of respiratory distress despite being on a nonrebreather mask, what should the nurse's next step be? Administer a sedative to calm the patient down. Reassess the patient after 5 minutes without any changes. Increase the oxygen flow rate to 15 L/min. Call the physician for further evaluation and intervention.
- Describe the relationship between hyperkalemia and respiratory acidosis in patients. Hyperkalemia can occur in respiratory acidosis due to the shift of potassium ions out of cells as a response to acidosis. Hyperkalemia is unrelated to respiratory acidosis and is caused by kidney failure. Hyperkalemia is a primary cause of respiratory acidosis. Hyperkalemia leads to respiratory acidosis by increasing carbon dioxide levels.
- In a scenario where a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis shows signs of dehydration, which task should you prioritize for delegation to a UAP? Monitoring blood glucose levels every hour Recording intake and output every hour
