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Politics
The social institution that guides a society's decision making about how to live. (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition) TERM 2
Economy
DEFINITION 2 The social institution that organizes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition) TERM 3
Capitalism
DEFINITION 3 An economic system in which natural resources and the means of producing goods and services are privately owned. (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition) TERM 4
Government
DEFINITION 4 A formal organization that directs the political life of a society. (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition) TERM 5
Socialism
DEFINITION 5 An economic system in which natural resources and the means of producing goods and services are collectively owned. (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition)
Mixed Systems
No nation in the world has an economy that is completely capitalist or completely socialist. (A mix of capitalism and socialism) (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition) TERM 7
Political Ecomony
DEFINITION 7 The economic and political life of a nation or world region. (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition) TERM 8
Democracy
DEFINITION 8 A political system in which power is exercised by the people as a whole. (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition) TERM 9
Authoritarianism
DEFINITION 9 A political system that denies popular participation in government. (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition) TERM 10
Monarchy
DEFINITION 10 A political system in which a single family rules from generation to generation. (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition)
Special-Interest Groups
Political alliances of people interested in some economic or social issue. (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition) TERM 17
Lobbying
DEFINITION 17 The efforts of special-interest groups and their representatives to influence government officials. (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition) TERM 18
Political Action Committees (PACs)
DEFINITION 18 Organizations formed by special-interest groups to raise and spend money in support of political goals. FYI: There are currentlyabout 5,200 PACs in the United States (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition) TERM 19
Gender Gap
DEFINITION 19 The tendency for women and men to hold different opinions about certain issues and to support different candidates. (Political) (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition) TERM 20
Pluralist Model
DEFINITION 20 An analysis of the political system that sees power widely distributed among various groups and organizations in a society. (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition)
Military-Industrial
Complex
The close association of the federal government, the military, and the defense industries. (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition) TERM 22
Power-Elite Model
DEFINITION 22 An analysis of the political system that sees power as concentrated among a small elite. (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition) TERM 23
Marxist Political-Economic Model
DEFINITION 23 An analysis that sees the concentration of wealth and power in society as resulting from capitalism. (A radical approach with focus on the institutional system) (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition) TERM 24
Welfare State
DEFINITION 24 A range of policies and programs that transfer wealth from the rich to the poor and provide benefits to needy members of society. (Social Problems, John J. Macionis, 4th edition)
