Download Solved Problems on Acid Base Chapter and more Exercises Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity!
*** ANSWER KEY ***
Student Name: Grade: 09 Test Name: November Chemistry for All: Unit 10 - Acid/Base Version: 1
1. Which of the following inorganic acid formulas represents hydrochloric acid?
(a) H 2 Cl
(b) HCl
(c) HClO
(d) HCl
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5- 7 - A
MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7A Recognize formulas for common inorganic acids, carboxylic acids, and bases formed from families I and II.
2. What is the formula for magnesium hydroxide?
(a) Mg(OH 2 )
(b) Mg(OH) 2
(c) Mg 2 OH
(d) MgOH 2
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5- 7 - A
MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7A Recognize formulas for common inorganic acids, carboxylic acids, and bases formed from families I and II.
Instructions for questions 3 through 10.
Write the balanced equation for these neutralization reactions:
3. HCl + NaOH
Explanation:
HCl + NaOH NaCl + HOH
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5- 7 - B
MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7B Predict products of an acid-base neutralization.
4. HNO 3 + KOH
Explanation:
HNO 3 + KOH KNO3 + HOH
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5- 7 - B
MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7B Predict products of an acid-base neutralization.
7. H 2 CO 3 + Ca(OH) 2
Explanation:
H 2 CO 3 + Ca(OH) 2 CaCO3 + 2 HOH
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5- 7 - B
MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7B Predict products of an acid-base neutralization.
8. 2 NH 4 OH + H 2 S
Explanation:
2 NH 4 OH + H 2 S (NH4)2S + 2 HOH
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5- 7 - B
MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7B Predict products of an acid-base neutralization.
9. H 2 C 2 O 4 + Ca(OH) 2
Explanation:
H 2 C 2 O 4 + Ca(OH) 2 CaC2O4 + 2 HOH
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5- 7 - B
MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7B Predict products of an acid-base neutralization.
10. Al(OH) 3 + 3 HClO 4
Explanation:
Al(OH) 3 + 3 HClO 4 Al(ClO4)3 + 3 HOH
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5- 7 - B
MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7B Predict products of an acid-base neutralization.
12. What is the pH scale?
Explanation:
A scale to measure the acidity of a substance. It runs from 0-14 with <7=
acids, >7= bases, and 7=neutral.
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5- 7 - D
MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7D Classify various solutions as acidic or basic, given their pH.
13. What exactly do the initials “pH” stand for?
Explanation:
Log of the hydronium ion concentration
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5- 7 - D
MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7D Classify various solutions as acidic or basic, given their pH.
14. Why is pure water considered neutral on the pH scale?
Explanation:
Pure water contains an equal concentration of hydrogen ions (1x10- 7
ions/mol) and hydroxide ions (1x10-7 ions/mol).
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5- 7 - D
MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7D Classify various solutions as acidic or basic, given their pH.
15. Classify each of the following as acidic, neutral, or basic. The pH of each
item is also listed. Use the ans. bank below!
a) tomatoes: 4.2 ______________ e) soil: 5.5 ______________ b) eggs: 7.8 ______________ f) milk: 6.4 ______________ c) ammonia: 11.0 ______________ g) bleach: 12.0 ___________ d) tap water: 7.2 ______________ h) lye (NaOH): 14 __________
Explanation:
a) tomatoes: 4.2 _______A______ e) soil: 5.5 _________A____ b) eggs: 7.8 _________B____ f) milk: 6.4 ________A_____ c) ammonia: 11.0 _______B_______ g) bleach: 12.0 _____B_____ d) tap water: 7.2 _____N________ h) lye (NaOH): 14 ____B_____
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5- 7 - D
MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7D Classify various solutions as acidic or basic, given their pH.
Instructions for questions 17 through 21.
All reactions between strong acids and bases follow the same general form.
Acid + Base ------> a Salt + Water
Write balanced equations for the neutralization reaction between the following. Identify the acid,
base and salt
17. Sulfuric Acid and sodium hydroxide
Explanation:
A B S
H2SO4 + 2 NaOH Na2SO4 + 2 HOH
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5-7x-f MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7x Brønsted-Lowery C5.7f Write balanced chemical equations for reactions between acids and bases and perform calculations with balanced equations.
18. Nitric Acid and calcium hydroxide
Explanation:
A B S
2 HNO3 + Ca(OH) 2 Ca(NO3) 2 + 2 HOH
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5-7x-f MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7x Brønsted-Lowery C5.7f Write balanced chemical equations for reactions between acids and bases and perform calculations with balanced equations.
19. Hydrochloric acid and potassium hydroxide
Explanation:
A B S
HCl + KOH KCl + HOH
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5-7x-f MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7x Brønsted-Lowery C5.7f Write balanced chemical equations for reactions between acids and bases and perform calculations with balanced equations.
Instructions for questions 22 through 23.
Calculate the concentration of acetic acid (CH 3 COOH), if an average of 67.0 ml of 0.468 mol/l
magnesium hydroxide ( Mg(OH) 2 ) is required to titrate 50.0 ml of the acid in order to reach the
endpoint. The neutralization reaction is:
2 CH 3 COOH (aq) + Mg(OH) 2 (aq) <----> Mg(CH 3 COO) 2 (aq) + 2 H 2 O (l)
22. Balance the neutralization equation above. Determine the balance of base and
acid.
Explanation:
Balanced above.
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5-7x-f MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7x Brønsted-Lowery C5.7f Write balanced chemical equations for reactions between acids and bases and perform calculations with balanced equations.
23. Using the neutralization equation calculate the concentration of sulfuric acid.
Explanation:
1.25 M acetic acid
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5-7x-f MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7x Brønsted-Lowery C5.7f Write balanced chemical equations for reactions between acids and bases and perform calculations with balanced equations.
25. Using the neutralization equation calculate the concentration of KOH (aq).
Explanation:
0.692 M KOH
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5-7x-f MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7x Brønsted-Lowery C5.7f Write balanced chemical equations for reactions between acids and bases and perform calculations with balanced equations.
Instructions for questions 26 through 27.
An average volume of 24.5 ml of 0.560 mol/l Ca(OH)^2 was required to titrate 10.0 ml samples of
sulfuric acid (H 2 SO4) to their endpoints. What is the concentration of sulfuric acid?
26. Write a balanced neutralization equation for the reaction of Ca(OH)2 (aq) with
H2SO4(aq).
Explanation:
H2SO4 + Ca(OH)2 CaSO4 + 2 HOH
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5-7x-f MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7x Brønsted-Lowery C5.7f Write balanced chemical equations for reactions between acids and bases and perform calculations with balanced equations.
Instructions for questions 28 through 29.
What volume of 0.060 mol/l NaOH is needed to titrate 25.0 ml samples of 0.075 mol/l H 3 PO 4 (aq)
to the second endpoint. The neutralization reaction is as follows.
___H 3 PO 4 (aq) + ____NaOH (aq) <----->____ Na 2 HPO 4 (aq) + ____H 2 O (l)
28. Balance the equation above and determine the balance of the base and acid.
Explanation:
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5-7x-f MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7x Brønsted-Lowery C5.7f Write balanced chemical equations for reactions between acids and bases and perform calculations with balanced equations.
29. Using the titration formula calculate the volume of base needed.
Explanation:
62.5 ml of NaOH to get to the 2nd^ endpoint.
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5-7x-f MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7x Brønsted-Lowery C5.7f Write balanced chemical equations for reactions between acids and bases and perform calculations with balanced equations.
30. Explain the pH difference between acid rain and pure water:
Explanation:
Acid rain has a pH lower then 5.6. Pure water has a pH of 7, normal
rainfall has a pH of a bit less than 7, but acid rain can have a pH of about
5.0-5.5, and even in the 4 range in the northeastern United States.
Standard:
MI_CHEM_HS- 0912 - C5-7x-h MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09 - 12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7x Brønsted-Lowery C5.7h Explain why sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides contribute to acid rain.
