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Physical Properties of Solvents: A Comprehensive Table, Cheat Sheet of Engineering

A comprehensive table outlining the physical properties of various solvents commonly used in chemistry. It includes information such as density, boiling point, melting point, uv cutoff, and miscibility with water. This table serves as a valuable reference for students and researchers working with solvents, enabling them to select the most appropriate solvent for their specific applications.

Typology: Cheat Sheet

2024/2025

Uploaded on 03/18/2025

swarochish-rao-padidela
swarochish-rao-padidela 🇮🇳

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Physical Properties of
Solvents
Solvents
Density
Boiling
Point
(0C)
Melting
Point
(0C)
UV Cut
off (nm)
Miscibi
lity
with
Water
1,1,2 Trichlorotrifluoroethane
1.570
47-48
-35
231
X
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
1.306
180
-17
295
X
1,2-Dichloroethane
1.256
83
-35
225
X
1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolinone
(DMI)
1.056
224-226
8.2
-
O
1,3-Dimethyl-3,4,5,6-
tetrahydro - 2(1H)-
pyrimidinone (DMPU)
1.060
146 (44
mm Hg)
-20
-
O
1,4-Dioxane
1.034
100-102
12
215
O
1-Butanol
0.810
117.7
-90
215
P
1-Chlorobutane
0.886
77-78
-123
225
X
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
(NMP)
1.028
81-82 (10
mm Hg)
-24
285
O
1-Octanol
0.827
196
-15
215
X
1-Propanol
0.804
97
-127
210
O
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
0.692
98-99
-107
215
X
2-Butanone
0.805
80
-87
329
P
2-Chloropyridine
1.209
168
-46
-
P
2-Methoxyethanol
0.965
124-125
-85
210
O
2-Methoxyethyl acetate
1.009
145
-65
254
P
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Physical Properties of

Solvents

Solvents Density Boiling

Point

(^0 C)

Melting

Point

(^0 C)

UV Cut

off (nm)

Miscibi

lity

with

Water

1,1,2 Trichlorotrifluoroethane 1.570 47 - 48 - 35 231 X 1,2-Dichlorobenzene 1.306 180 - 17 295 X 1,2-Dichloroethane 1.256 83 - 35 225 X 1,3-Dimethyl- 2 - imidazolinone (DMI)

1.056 224 - 226 8.2 - O

1,3-Dimethyl-3,4,5,6- tetrahydro - 2(1H)- pyrimidinone (DMPU)

mm Hg)

- 20 - O

1,4-Dioxane 1.034 100 - 102 12 215 O 1 - Butanol 0.810 117.7 - 90 215 P 1 - Chlorobutane 0.886 77 - 78 - 123 225 X 1 - Methyl- 2 - pyrrolidinone (NMP)

mm Hg)

285 O

1 - Octanol 0.827 196 - 15 215 X 1 - Propanol 0.804 97 - 127 210 O 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane 0.692 98 - 99 - 107 215 X 2 - Butanone 0.805 80 - 87 329 P 2 - Chloropyridine 1.209 168 - 46 - P 2 - Methoxyethanol 0.965 124 - 125 - 85 210 O 2 - Methoxyethyl acetate 1.009 145 - 65 254 P

2 - Methyl- 1 - propanol 0.803 108 - 108 200 X 2 - Methyl- 2 - propanol 0.775 83 25 - 26 215 O 2 - Methylbutane 0.620 30 - 192 X 2 - Methylpyridine 0.943 128 - 129 - 70 - O 2 - Propanol 0.785 82.4 - 89.5 210 O 3 - Chloropyridine 1.194 148 66 - P 3 - Methyl- 1 - butanol 0.809 130 - 117 215 X 3 - Pentanone 0.813 102 - 40 330 X 4 - Methyl- 2 - pentanone 0.801 117 - 118 - 80 334 X Acetic acid (AcOH) 1.049 118 17 - O Acetic anhydride 1.082 138 - 140 - 73 - - Acetone 0.791 56 - 94 330 O Acetonitrile 0.786 82 - 48 190 O Benzene 0.874 80 6 280 X Benzonitrile 1.010 191 - 13 300 X Butyl acetate 0.882 124 - 126 - 78 254 X Carbon disulfide 1.266 46 - 112 380 X Carbon tetrachloride 1.594 77 - 23 263 X Chlorobenzene 1.106 132 - 45 287 X Chloroform 1.492 61 - 64 245 X Cyclohexane 0.779 80 7 200 X Cyclopentane 0.751 50 - 94 200 X Di(ethylene glycol) diethyl ether

260 X

Dichloromethane 1.325 40 - 97 233 X

Tetrahydrofuran (THF) 0.889 65 - 67 - 108 212 P Toluene 0.865 110.6 - 93 284 X Triethylamine (Et 3 N) 0.728 89.3 - 114.7 - O Water 1.000 100 0 <190 O O: freely miscible P: partially miscible X: practically immiscible (solubility: less than 1%)

Abbreviations (Solvents)

BCS Butyl Cellosolve CAC Cellosolve acetate DAA Diacetone alcohol DCM Dichloromethane DIBK Diisobutyl ketone DMA N,N - Dimethylacetamide DMI 1,3-Dimethyl- 2 - imidazolinone DMF N,N - Dimethylformamide DMK Acetone DMPU 1,3-Dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone EAc Ethyl acetate HMPA Hexamethylphosphoric Triamide IBA Isobutyl alcohol IPA Isopropyl alcohol IPE Di isopropyl ether MEK Methyl ethyl ketone MIBK Methyl isobutyl ketone MMA Methyl methacrylate NBA n-Butyl alcohol NMP 1 - Methyl- 2 - pyrrolidinone THF Tetrahydrofuran

Trityl Triphenylmethyl- Tosyl p - Toluenesulfonyl- Ts p - Toluenesulfonyl- Z Carbobenzoxy- (Benzyloxycarbonyl-)

Abbreviations (Solids)

BSA N,O - Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide AIBN 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyronitrile) CD Cyclodextrin CSA Camphorsulfonic Acid DAST (Diethylamino)sulfur Trifluoride DBU 1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]- 7 - undecene DCC N,N' - Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide DEAD Diethyl Azodicarboxylate Deoxo-Fluor Bis(2-methoxyethyl)aminosulfur trifluoride DHP 3,4-Dihydro-2H-pyran dmit 4,5-Dimercapto-1,3-dithiole- 2 - thione DOXYL 4,4-Dimethyloxazolidine- 1 - oxyl DVB Divinylbenzene EDC 3 - (3-Dimethylaminopropyl)- 1 - ethylcarbodiimide EDTA Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Fc Ferrocene HMDS 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexamethyldisilazane HMPT Hexamethylphosphorous Triamide HOAt 1 - Hydroxy- 7 - azabenzotriazole HOBt 1 - Hydroxybenzotriazole m CPBA m - Chloroperoxybenzoic Acid NBS N - Bromosuccinimide NCS N - Chlorosuccinimide NIS N - Iodosuccinimide