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SPE 525 Cumulative Questions
With Correct Answers
Evidence Based Practice - ANSWER Term used to describe when an intervention has gone through rigorous, high quality experimentation and has been considered to be of value for specific individuals and/or behaviors of interest.
Independent Variable - ANSWER A term synonymous with "intervention"
Dependent Variable - ANSWER A term synonymous with "behavior"
Internal Validity - ANSWER Is considered high when there is clear experimental control
Experimental Control - ANSWER When this is demonstrated, we have verified that there is a functional relation between the independent and dependent variables - that is, that the change in the dependent variable (behavior) is causally (functionally) related to the implementation of the independent variable
Functional Relation - ANSWER Visually demonstrated (through visual analysis
of the graphed data) control of the behavior by the intervention
Reliability - ANSWER Means "consistency" of an experiment
Validity - ANSWER Means "accuracy" of an experiment
External Validity - ANSWER A term referring to the replication of the same or similar results from an experiment; in other words, the degree to which findings have generality across studies
Social Validity - ANSWER Refers to a socially significant behavior of interest/focus of research
Demonstration Question - ANSWER Basic experiment examining whether an intervention is effective at changing (increasing or decreasing) the behavior of interest
Comparison Question - ANSWER Experiment examining which of two or more interventions are more effective at changing (increasing or decreasing) the behavior of interest
Component Analysis Question - ANSWER Experiment examining what parts
______________is the Dependent Variable
Parent Coaching - ANSWER In the research question, ""will a telehealth parent coaching procedure increase vocal manding for toddlers with speech delays?", ______________is the Independent Variable
Operational Definition of Behavior - ANSWER Behavior analysts achieve this when they describe the target in observable and measurable terms.
Frequency - ANSWER This measurement method involves counting the number behaviors one observes.
Duration - ANSWER This measurement of behavior involves recording how long a behavior lasts.
Latency - ANSWER This measurement of behavior involves recording the length of time between some antecedent stimuli or cue and the onset of the behavior.
Inter-response Time - ANSWER This recording method involves recording the length of time from the offset of one behavior and the onset of the next behavior.
Partial Interval Recording - ANSWER This measurement method involves scoring the behavior as occurring if it happens at any point during an interval.
Whole Interval Recording - ANSWER This measurement method involves scoring the behavior as occurring if it happens the entire length of an interval.
Momentary Time Sampling - ANSWER This measurement method involves scoring the behavior as occurring if it is happening at the end of an interval.
PLA-CHECK - ANSWER This is a variation on Momentary Time Sampling that involves counting the number of students in a classroom engaged in a target behavior at the designated time in the interval.
Interobserver Agreement - ANSWER This test for reliability is conducted through comparing recorded data of two independent observers, using specific formulas based on type.
Trials to Criterion - ANSWER This recording method requires identification of the number of sessions required to achieve mastery of the target skill or behavior.
Trend - ANSWER The slope or direction of a data series within a condition.
Abscissa (x-axis) - ANSWER The horizontal axis on a graph.
Ordinate (y-axis) - ANSWER The vertical axis on which the dependent variable is depicted
BAB design - ANSWER Variation of the reversal design that begins with the treatment phase (B), a withdrawal of the treatment variable (A), and subsequent reintroduction of the treatment variable
ABAC Design - ANSWER involves a baseline phase (A), the introduction of an intervention (B); then the withdrawal of the intervention (a second baseline), and the introduction of a different intervention (C).
ABAB Design - ANSWER Single-subject design
A - baseline established
B - treatment offered
A - withdraw tx for a time
B - offer tx again
To show effectiveness of tx
ABC Design - ANSWER a single system design in which the baseline (A) is followed by one intervention period (B) and a second intervention period (C). Aka successive intervention design.
Multiple Baseline Across Participants Design - ANSWER Multiple baselines are being collected on two or more people for the same behavior.
Multiple Baseline Across Behaviors Design - ANSWER A multiple baseline design in which the treatment variable is applied to two or more different behaviors of the same subject in the same setting.
Non-concurrent Multiple Baseline Across Participants Design - ANSWER
Data Path - ANSWER The level and trend of behavior between successive data points; created by drawing a straight line from the center of each data point in a given data set to the center of the next data point in the same set.
Data Point - ANSWER A point on a graph showing the location of a piece of data.
Parallel Treatments - ANSWER A design which requires one non-reversible
A Multi-Element/Alternating Treatment design can include only a baseline and comparison phase. - ANSWER True
A Multi-Element/Alternating Treatment design can include only a comparison phase and a best treatments/best alone phase. - ANSWER True
A Multi-Element/Alternating Treatment design cannot only include a comparison phase. - ANSWER False
