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Special Needs Appropriate Practices (SNP)
DCF questions and answers well explained.
ADA means - correct answers.Federal law that prohibits discriminiation based upon mental or physical disability. Disability means - correct answers.The result of any physical or mental condition that affects or prevents one's ability to develop, achieve, and/or function in an educational setting at a normal rate. IDEA means - correct answers.Federal law that requires all states to provide a free appropriate education to eligible children and youth with disabilities. Inclusion means - correct answers.The philosophy that all children have the right to be included with their peers in all age appropriate activities throughout life; accommodating all students in the natural environments they would otherwise be in if not a child with special needs. Mainsteaming - correct answers.Children with special needs - based in special education class settings - earn the right to join peers in typical education classes by demonstrating ability to "keep up" with workload. Usually limited to the one or two subject areas at which the child excels. This term is no longer used. Multidisciplinary - correct answers.A team approach involving specialists from more than one discipline, such as a team made up of a physical therapist, a speech and language pathologist, a child development specialist, an occupational therapist, or other specialists as needed. Natural Environment - correct answers.(Caring for a child with special needs in) home and community settings in which children without disabilities participate; the day-to-day settings, routines and activities that promote learning for all children. Also, incorporating therapeutic activities into daily activities to avoid disturbing the normal daily routine of the child.
Related services - correct answers.Transportation and development, corrective and other support services that are required by a child with special needs in order for them to benefit from education. Examples include speech/language pathology and audiology, psychological services, physical and occupational therapy, recreation, counseling services, interpreters for those with hearing impairments, medical services for diagnostic and evaluation purposes and assistive technology devices and services. Student with disability - correct answers.Children whose development or health is viewed by parents and professionals as atypical. This includes children with mental, physical, sensory, emotional/ behavioral, medical and other special needs. Support Services - correct answers.Agencies and organizations that offer various types of educational and ancillary resources for children with special needs and their families. Agencies such as Head Start, Agency for Persons with Disabilities, Subsidized Child Care, Child Care Resource and Referral Network and Florida Directory of Early Childhood Services Central Directory Network, and Children's Forum offering a variety of related services Transdisciplinary - correct answers.A model that uses teaching, learning, and sharing of information across disciplinary boundaries enabling one team member, along with the family, to carry out intervention strategies for a child with special needs. People First Language give appropriate term from this inappropriate term: "Handicapped People" - correct answers.Person with a disabiity or special needs People First Language give appropriate term from this inappropriate term: "Crippled" - correct answers.Person with a physical disability People First Language give appropriate term from this inappropriate term: "Deaf boy" - correct answers.Boy with hearing loss or impaired People First Language give appropriate term from this inappropriate term: "CP victim" - correct answers.Person with Cerebral Palsy People First Language give appropriate term from this inappropriate term: "Confined to a wheelchair" - correct answers.Child who uses wheelchair People First Language give appropriate term from this inappropriate term: "AIDS Carrier or "Suffers with.." - correct answers.Person with AIDS or Person who has ... Invisibility - correct answers.keeping people with special needs out of sight; not noticing them or not talking to them. Infantilizing - correct answers.treating a person with special needs as incapable of basic life sklls and completely dependent.
IEP - Individual Education Plan: - correct answers.A written education plan for a school- aged child with disabilities. A collaborative effort of parents, teachers, therapists and other professionals. The IEP describes the child's learning needs and what services the child requires. IFSP - Individualized Family Support Plan - correct answers.A written plan for infants or toddlers (birth to age 3) with disabilities. Written by the early intervention team of professionals working with the child and the family. Describes major developmental outcome goals and the services the child will receive. OT - Occupational Therapy: - correct answers.Treatment provided by an occupational therapist. Develops skills that will aid in daily living—sensory integration, coordination of movement and self help skills. PT - Physical Therapy: - correct answers.Treatment provided by a physical therapist. Helps the child improve use of muscles, nerves, bones and joints. Part C: - correct answers.The portion of IDEA that serves children from birth to their third birthday, who have an established medical condition that places them at high risk for developmental disabilities or who have a developmental delay. Administered through Florida Department of Health Part B: - correct answers.The portion of IDEA that serves children with disabilities from ages 3 to 21 (or high-school graduation, if sooner). Entitles eligible children to special education and related services. Administered through the Florida Department of Education Does the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) apply to child care centers? - correct answers.Yes, privately-run or governmently-run child care centers must comply with ADA. Which child care centers are covered by the ADA? - correct answers.Almost all of them. Exception are child care centers run by religious entities. Our center is full and we have a waiting list. Do we have to accept children with disabilities ahead of others? - correct answers.No, children with disabilities must wait their turn on waiting list too. One of the children in my center hits and bites other children. His parents are now saying that I can't expel him because his bad behavior is due to a disability. What can I do? - correct answers.Try to work with parents to see if this helps. If reasonable efforts have been made and he continues bad behavior he may be expelled form program. What is the Department of Justice's enforcement philosophy regarding the ADA? - correct answers.It seeks volunteary compliance whenever possible. Whenever dept.
receives compliant it investigates and tries to resolve them. Dept. may seek litigaion for non-compliance. Individualized Family Support Plan (IFSP) will specify: - correct answers.• developmental goals, • services the family may need to help the child grow and learn, • a schedule for the services, and so on. • In Florida, Part C services (birth to age 3) are administered through the Florida Department of Health. Individual Education Plan (IEP) will specify: - correct answers.• reasonable educational goals for the child • identifies the services that the school district will provide for the child
- supplementary aids and services, as well as adaptations to the program or supports for school personnel that will be provided. • In Florida, Part B services (ages 3 to 21) are administered through the Florida Department of Education. IDEA specifies that each state - correct answers.must have policies and procedures to ensure confidentiality of any personal information collected under the IDEA Act. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) also specifies what is - correct answers.allowable access to educational records. How do children benefit with inclusion? - correct answers.Normal environment, make friends How do families benefit with inclusion? - correct answers.Peace of mind, good IEP for child, less stress, How do child care providers benefit with inclusion? - correct answers.learn new challenges and encourage all children to accept each other, learn and grow professionally How does the community benefit with inclusion? - correct answers.less stress, better education. Helps paents to raise children in a healthy environment. Confidentiality is protected by - correct answers.IDEA Act, Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), NAEYC no sharing personal information collected under the IDEA Act. A sound understanding of typical development patterns and milestones helps us support all children as they learn andndevelop. This knowledge enables - correct answers.us to recognize a child who may be struggling in a particular area. What are the six development principles of child development? - correct answers.1. Young children develop rapidly and simultanteously through out the body. e.g. babbling to words to sentences. 2. There are identifiable stages and patterns of development, but
toxic substances - correct answers.disorders are due to exposure to ____ ______, such as Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, which can cause life-long hearing and vision problems, mental retardation and physical deformities. injury or illness - correct answers.Disorders due to ____ __ _____ can also cause developmental delay. For example, a head injury can cause problems with memory and calculation, which might cause a delay in a child's ability to add and subtract. List ways that child care programs can be inclusive and support children with developmental disabilities. - correct answers.use Developemntally Appropiate Practices (DAP)
- establish a routine and schedule
- foster friendships
- nurture language development
- facilitate imaginative play
- assist families in meeting their children's needs The best way to guide the behavior of children with developmental disabilities is to use positive behavior supports (Prevention, redirection, Positive reinforcements while providing developmentally appropriate individualized care. Prevention - correct answers.is a strategy that stops challenging behaviors before they begin, and it is the primary method child care professionals use to encourage children to discard these behaviors. Redirection - correct answers._ is a strategy that is used to guide children's behavior by recognizing challenging behavior at its earliest stages and taking steps to stop it from escalating. Positivie reinforcement - correct answers._ is a strategy in which desired behaviors are rewarded so that the child is encouraged to repeat them. DAP = - correct answers."Ages and Stages" List three main aspects of DAP. - correct answers.1. General knowledge of child development, or what you know about how children develop and learn. - you can develop activities, routines and strategies that meet the needs of children in the age ranges and stages of development that you serve. DAP should be interesting, safe and achievable, yet challenging for the children in your care. 2. Specific knowledge of a particular child, or what you know about the strengths, needs and interests of individual children. - observe the children to determine if they are simply lagging behind and will probably catch up or if they have more serious issues that require intervention and accommodations 3. Knowledge of social and cultural context, or, what you know about the social and cultural context in which their children live. - Activities based on DAP should relate to children's
past experiences so that strategies and content build on what is familiar to children and their families. If DAP is being used, you should see children enjoying appropriate, meaningful _______, active learning through _______ incorporating DAP, and nurturing, supportive ________. - correct answers.experiences, activities, relationships Active learning - correct answers.means that children learn during the activity by doing. Meaningful experiences - correct answers.means that children have a fun and memorable time during an activity. The experience relates to their developmental level, cultural background and individual interests. For example, a toddler activity on pets would have more meaning than endangered species. Using water for cooking, cleaning and play has more meaning than "Great Waterways of the World." Likewise, the topics on endangered species and waterways of the world are more appropriate for older children. Nurturing, supportive relationships - correct answers.means that the child builds a positive relationship with his or her peers and adults during the activity. It is also okay for children to work by themselves. Families are and how they are create by - correct answers.• big
- small
- extended
- nuclear
- multi-generational
- with one parent
- with two parents
- with grandparents made by:
- birth
- adoption
- marriage
- foster care
- re-marriage
- from a desire for mutual
- support Family definition - correct answers.If everyone in a group of people believing thaty are a family, they are. Who are the first teachers in a child's life? - correct answers.Parent/Family
special needs children may be at higher risk because of atypical behavior (delays in language or cognitive) Child maltreatment can cause disabilities in otherwise healthy children. Thousands of children are permanently disabled by child abuse and neglect. Explain some reasons why children with disabilities experience an increased risk of abuse? - correct answers.1. Consider not real people by nuts. 2. Less likely to tell others due to communication or cognitive delays. 3. Consider weak. 4. Consider easy targets 5. More compliant to adults. 6. Authorities are slow/reluctant to investigate. Practical soluions to common challenges that arise when accommodating special needs and solutions? - correct answers.1. Staff-Child ratio may need to be increased - solution may be to add a staff member and put the cost on every student. 2. Accessibility - physical path 36 inch wide for wheelchairs or canes. 3. Hearing impairments - hearing aids are in good working order, keep instructions clear and simple, Make sure child can see you and you have child's attention. 4. Learning and Cognitive Disabilities - Keep verbal directions simple, pair verbal directions with gestures and demonstrations, extra opportunities to practice. 5. Visual Impairments - use material with contrasting colors and shapes, avoid glossy finishes, use visual and audio cues together, position yourself so child can see you. 6. Speech and Language - listen attentively and respond, label objects around the room, Give words/phrases to help him express themselves. 7. Motor Impairments - keep floor free of area rugs, give extra time to complete task, child is properly positioned, aligned and supported. 8. Social/Emotional - teach children alternative ways to express themselves and proper ways to communicate frustration, se clear limits and stick to them, limit choices, provide a mix of calm and active activities. Give a list os ways to modify typical classrom activities to accomdate different special needs: - correct answers.36" pathways, special utilizels, visuals with colors and shapes, fully accessable bathroom, rehearsal of firedrills Phineus is very sensitive to food textures. His parents have asked that you try to introduce new foods at snack time, but not at breakfast or lunch. Why? - correct answers.Rejecting food at snack time would be less perilous to his overall nutritional health Gordon is a child with ADHD and other behavioral issues. Meal times used to be challenging until his caregiver and parents decided to... - correct answers.Serve smaller portions, more often, and allow Gordon to leave the table when he is done Opal is a new child in your center. She has mastered the use of her leg braces and crutch, but maneuvers best when the environment... - correct answers.Includes a clear path to aid her movement. Nicky takes longer to do most things than other children. Nicky's muscles fatigue easily and it is hard for him to sit up for extended periods of time. At meal times, you believe
he will do his best when... - correct answers.He is using a chair specially designed to support him at the table. Describe "discipline" - correct answers.Guiding behavior with words or techniques that allude to guiding behavior, teaching what to do and guidng supporting appr. behavior. assertiveness & boundary setting. Describe "Punishment" - correct answers.Consequence to behavior using words or techniques that are those intended to hurt cause bad feelings or meant to shame. Tell child what they did wrong. Fear of negative consequences. What is Conscious Discipline? - correct answers.based on awareness. Discipline like you would to yourself. What a trigger thoughts? - correct answers.When you were a chld and you did something wrong or right, you remember what your parents/teachers did which may affect how you will react to child the same way. e.g. yell, threaten, reward, time-out to various behaviors. What does the brain stem impact on behavior? - correct answers.controls instinctual reactions - fight or flight instictual eactions hitting/pushing lash out or retreat. What does the limbic system impact on behavior? - correct answers.Controls emotional reactions - crying whinning, happiness, name calling, feeling, joy, blame. What does the cortex impact on behavior? - correct answers.Controls rational reactions
- memory, foresight, morality, neigotian, bargaining, children's brains are still developing until adulthood. What is STAR and how do you use it? - correct answers.A calming technique. Stop Take a 3 deep breathes And Relax How to use Affirmations? - correct answers.I feel calm replace negative thoughts with positive. Keep control replace anxiety with " I can handle this". How to wish a child well? - correct answers.From your heart wish a child well. Be aware of trigger thoughts. Operate from cortex. Other techniques to help gain self-control. - correct answers.Creating a school family. "I belong here" rituals of absent child, welcome back, Creating a safe place - to use calming techniques Meaningful jobs Encouragement - "WE are all in this together"
