Partial preview of the text
Download Anatomy of the Human Senses: An In-depth Look at the Sensory Systems and more Quizzes Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
general senses
touch, temp, painreceptors are widespread and simple
structured (free nerve endings)
TERM 2
special senses
DEFINITION 2
taste, smell, vision, hearing, equilibriumreceptors are
localized to a discrete place in body (on head) and are
complex structured
TERM 3
taste buds
DEFINITION 3
gustatory cells arranged like a flower bud
TERM 4
papillae
DEFINITION 4
elevations (texture on tongue)
TERM 5
fungiform papillae
DEFINITION 5
large elevations at back of tongue (mushroom-like)
vallate papillae
at front of tongue
TERM 7
olfactory epithelium
DEFINITION 7
top of nasal cavitywhere we have chemoreceptor cells that
react to chemicals in air
TERM 8
eyebrows
DEFINITION 8
protective, traps any sweat/debris makings its way to eyeball
TERM 9
eyelids
DEFINITION 9
(palpebrae)upper/lower lids
TERM 10
medial and lateral canthus
DEFINITION 10
where palpebrae come together
sty
infection of the tarsal/ciliary glandsplugged up microbes
TERM 17
infection
DEFINITION 17
overgrowth of microbes
TERM 18
inflammation
DEFINITION 18
red, warm, swollen, painful
TERM 19
path of crying
DEFINITION 19
lacrimal gland-medial canthus-nasolacrimal duct
TERM 20
lacrimal gland
DEFINITION 20
secretes tearssuperior lateral aspect
naso-lacrimal duct
allows tears to drain into nasal cavity
TERM 22
extrinsic eye
muscles
DEFINITION 22
move eyeball up, down, side to side, and spinCNs III, IV, VI
TERM 23
eyeball
DEFINITION 23
fluid filled ballwall is made up of 3 tunics (layers)
TERM 24
outer tunic
DEFINITION 24
sclera + cornea
TERM 25
sclera
DEFINITION 25
white, tough, durable layerall the way to back of eyeball
pupil
space between iris
TERM 32
lens
DEFINITION 32
centered just behind pupil
TERM 33
suspensory ligaments
DEFINITION 33
filaments from ciliary body that hold lens in placeaka ciliary
zonule
TERM 34
inner tunic
DEFINITION 34
sensory layer= retina
TERM 35
retina
DEFINITION 35
connects to back of eyeball (optic nerve) and goes around
photoreceptors
rods and conessense light wavesdifferent colors of light occur
because of different wavelengths
TERM 37
cones
DEFINITION 37
distinguish colors
TERM 38
rods
DEFINITION 38
react to any wavelength (no distinction)provide black and
white vision
TERM 39
optic disk
DEFINITION 39
where optic nerve enters back of eye"blind spot", no
photoreceptors, can't see any light that lands here
TERM 40
fovea centralis
DEFINITION 40
part of retina that has highest concentration of coneslight
ends here (sharpest vision)
vitreous humor
fluid in posterior cavityjelly-like, no flow
TERM 47
anterior chamber
DEFINITION 47
subdivision of anterior cavityiris to cornea
TERM 48
posterior chamber
DEFINITION 48
subdivision of anterior cavitylens to iris
TERM 49
accomodation
DEFINITION 49
the ability of the lens to change its shape to allow for focus
TERM 50
glaucoma
DEFINITION 50
increase in intraocular pressure(consequence of high blood
pressure)
cataract
clouding of the lens
TERM 52
visual pathway to cortex
DEFINITION 52
optic nerve - optic chiasm - optic tract - occipital lobe
TERM 53
optic chiasm
DEFINITION 53
where 2 optic nerves come together
TERM 54
outer ear
DEFINITION 54
auricle (pinna) + external auditory canal
TERM 55
auricle
DEFINITION 55
funnel shaped piece of cartilage covered with skindirects
sounds into passageway
pharyngotympanic tube
(eustachian tube)tube that connects middle ear cavity to
throat, flexible and moist
TERM 62
inner ear
DEFINITION 62
labyrinth
TERM 63
parts of
labyrinth
DEFINITION 63
cochlea, semi-circular canals, vestibules
TERM 64
bony
labyrinth
DEFINITION 64
outer layer of bone (like a shell)
TERM 65
cochlea
DEFINITION 65
receptor for hearing
semi-circular canals
sensing rotational movement in any direction(like 3 hula
hoops)contributes to equilibrium
TERM 67
vestibule
DEFINITION 67
2 areas of hair cells that sense acceleration and deceleration
in horizontal and vertical planecontributes to equilibrium
TERM 68
membranous
labyrinth
DEFINITION 68
underneath bony labyrinthretains same shape
TERM 69
perilymph
DEFINITION 69
fluid between bony and membranous labyrinth
TERM 70
endolymph
DEFINITION 70
fluid deep within membranous labyrinth
scala tympani
below cochlear duct (filled with perilymph)
TERM 77
organ of Corti
DEFINITION 77
hair cells on bottom membrane of cochlear
ductmechanoreceptors (react when bent)
TERM 78
CN VIII
DEFINITION 78
vestibulocochlear nerve
TERM 79
vestibular apparatus
DEFINITION 79
vestibule/semi-circular canalsactivity here drives
development of front part of frontal lobe
