Statistics
What is Statistics?
Scientific Methods for...
Collecting
Organizing
Summarizing
Presenting
and Analyzing data.
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Understanding Data: Mean, Median, Mode, Deviation, and Normal Distribution, Slides of Civil Engineering
A comprehensive introduction to statistics, focusing on collecting, organizing, summarizing, presenting, and analyzing data. It covers basic concepts such as raw data, range, mean, median, mode, standard deviation, and equations. Additionally, it includes examples of grade distribution and normal distribution. Students will learn how to find the mean, median, mode, and standard deviation, create a histogram, and understand the significance of normal distribution.
Typology: Slides
2012/2013
1 / 20
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Statistics
What is Statistics?
Scientific Methods for...
CollectingOrganizingSummarizingPresentingand Analyzing data.
Simple Definitions
Raw Data = unprocessed data
Range = Maximum – Minimum
Mean = the average
Median = the middle value
Mode = most frequent in the data set
Standard Deviation – measure of the variation
Some Example Grades
84
65
74
72
85
65
96
30
78
72
85
64
65
96
15
72
73
85
Find the Mean,Median, Mode, andStandard Deviation. Now create a histogramfor the grades.
Sort the data fromhighest to lowest andassign grades.
To
the
chalkboard
first...
Excel
Grade Distribution
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
A's
B's
C's
D's
F's
Normal Distribution
Also called the “bell curve”.
Examples:
Grades
Random Data
Quincunx
Star Brightness
Normal Distribution
Also called the “bell curve”.
2
2
1 2
/ x x e 2 1
requency
F
ve
lati
Re
Bell Curves and Standard Deviation
See Figure 9.7.
68% of the data lies within +/-
of the mean
95% of the data lies within +/-
of the mean
99% of the data lies within +/-
of the mean
Pair
Exercise
on
Change
Stand
up.
Pair
with
one
team
member.
Take
one
minute
to
memorize
the
appearance
of
this
team
member
(glasses,
watch,
etc.)
Now
face
opposite
directions.
Take
one
minute
to
change
four
things
about
your
appearance.
Turn
around
and
try
to
identify
the
changes
in
the
appearance
of
your
team
member.
How
did
you
do?
Now
face
opposite
directions
again.
Take
one
minute
to
change
four
more
things
about
your
appearance.
Turn
around
and
try
to
identify
the
changes
in
the
appearance
of
your
team
member.
Hand
Shake
No
Fish
Look
Eye
Coming
in
high?
Staying
to
long?
How
much
force?
Time
for
another
Change
Are
you
ready?
What
is
a
Team
Anyway?
A
team
is
a
small
group
of
people
with
complementary
skills
who
are
committed
to
a
common
purpose,
performance
goals,
and
approach
for
which
they
hold
themselves
mutually
accountable.
Why
Teams?
Do
you
remember?
Working
in
groups
enhances
activities
in
Active/Collaborative
Learning.
Team
skills
are
valued
by
industry.
Engineers
work
in
teams.