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Which of the following IS NOT a member of group Ecdysozoa - ✔✔Mollusca Which of the following diseases is caused by a nematode? - ✔✔River blindness Arthropods have exoskeletons made of - ✔✔Chitin Which of the following describes hemimetabolous metamorphosis - ✔✔Egg, nymph, adult An organism in which the mouth develops before the anus is called a ... - ✔✔Protostome Which of the following is a deuterostome - ✔✔Echinodermata An echinoderm is... - ✔✔Bilaterally Symmetrical Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of ALL Chordates? - ✔✔Amniotic Egg ONLY vertebrates contain which two characteristics? - ✔✔Cranium, vertebrae Bones, lungs, and lobed fins first emerged in which of the following groups? - ✔✔Lungfish Which of the following groups had amphibians as a direct ancestor? - ✔✔Reptiles Which is the correct order of the following vertebrate evolutionary events? - ✔✔Cranium, limbs, amniote egg, and endothermy
You discover a Chordate while outside in your backyard. It is a tetrapod, has gas permeable skin, and lays eggs in moist environments. What would you classify this animal as? - ✔✔Amphibian You discover a Chordate while on a hike in the mountains. It produces an amniotic egg, is endothermic, and produces milk through mammary gland. What would you classify this animal as? - ✔✔Mammal What are the cell walls of fungi made of? - ✔✔Chitlin Fungi are composed of filaments called...? - ✔✔Hyphae A mass of fungal hyphae is called...? - ✔✔Mycelium What is the term associated with fungi that describes (N+N) ploidy in Fungi? - ✔✔Heterokaryotic The union of cytoplasm during fungal reproduction is called...? - ✔✔Plasmogamy During meiosis, _______ _________ daughter cells are formed. - ✔✔Four, haploid Plants have cell walls made of ________. - ✔✔Cellulose The ________ is an organelle in the plant cell that contains _______ which is responsible for photosynthesis - ✔✔Chloroplast, chlorophyll Which statement describes the most widely accepted hypothesis for how the first tetrapod vertebrate emerged (or originated on earth? - ✔✔The first tetrapod was an amphibian descended from a species of lungfish as a result of mutations and natural selection that favored individuals who could use resources in terrestrial habitat.
Sponges (phylum Porifera) obtain energy (e.g., glucose) __________. - ✔✔by consuming organic matter or phytoplankton, or from endosymbiotic algae that produce carbohydrates by photosynthesis (all of the above) Which of the following statements is (or are) correct? - ✔✔Both sponges (phylum Porifera) and cnidarians (phylum Cnidaria) have a hydrostatic skeleton. Which statement accurately describes how fungi obtain carbohydrates (energy) and other nutrients (e.g., nitrogen and phosphorus)? - ✔✔Fungi release digestive enzymes into the external environment, then absorb carbohydrates and other nutrients from digested material through hyphae. Which of the following statements about decomposer (saprophyte) fungi is (or are) correct, based on information presented in class and in your textbook? - ✔✔All of the above statements are correct. There is indisputable evidence that during the past 200 years, the number of species of amphibians and reptiles inhabiting earth has __________. - ✔✔declined due to habitat destruction and other human activities In plants, stomata are ______ - ✔✔pores on surfaces of leaves and green stems that allow for uptake of carbon dioxide, and release of oxygen. The life cycle of this plant (in terms of lifespan) is dominated by a diploid sporophyte. Haploid spores are produced by meiosis. Spores germinate and each one develops into a small haploid gametophyte as a result of mitosis. This gametophyte produces haploid eggs and flagellated sperm, which, if released into water, can fuse to produce a diploid zygote. As a result of mitosis, a diploid sporophyte is produced, and the life cycle is complete. Which lineage does this plant belong to? - ✔✔ Mycorrhizal fungi __________. - ✔✔enhance primary production by digesting dead organisms and transporting nutrients to plant roots Which equation most accurately describes inputs and outputs (products) of photosynthesis? - ✔✔6CO
- 6H2O (inputs), C6H12O6 + 6O2 (outputs)
Ecdysozoan growth describes - ✔✔intermittent growth Which of the following is NOT a trait of a nematode - ✔✔Radial symmetry Which of the following is NOT a way nematodes provide ecosystem services? - ✔✔Cause disease in humans, animals, and crops An organism is a deuterostome if the _____ develops before the _____ - ✔✔anus, mouth Characteristics of insects include all of the following EXCEPT - ✔✔lophotrochozoan growth Egg, larvae, pupae, adult describes _____ metamorphosis - ✔✔holometabolous Which of the following are ways insects provide ecosystem services? - ✔✔All are ways insects provide ecosystem services Echinoderms share the following traits with flatworms, annelids, mollusks, nematodes, arthropods, and chordates EXCEPT - ✔✔radial symmetry Echinoderms and chordates are both - ✔✔deuterostomes Which phylum, at some point in their lives, possesses pharyngeal slits, dorsal nerve chord, notochord, and tail? - ✔✔Chordata What two traits does only subphylum vertebrata possess? - ✔✔Cranium vertabrae Which of the following is the correct order of vertebrate trait evolution? - ✔✔Cranium, amniotic egg, endothermy
Which of the following is found in many tetrapods but not in fish? - ✔✔Production of the amniotic eggs Mammals and birds eat more often than reptiles. Which of the following traits shared by mammals and birds best explains this habit? - ✔✔Endothermy All fungi are - ✔✔heterotrophic Fungal mycelia - ✔✔have a large surface area composed of branching hyphae Which of the following is an important role for fungi in the carbon cycle? - ✔✔Fungi release fixed carbon back to the environment for plants and photosynthetic organisms to utilize Why are fungi so important to the carbon cycle? - ✔✔Fungi accelerate the carbon cycle by breaking down wood and thus freeing up carbon atoms Mold on a single piece of fruit can easily spread to a nearby piece of fruit because - ✔✔molds produce many, many asexual spores that can be dispersed by air currents The fundamental reproductive cell produced by fungi is the - ✔✔spore When a mycelium infiltrates an unexploited source of dead organic matter, what are most likely to appear within the food source soon thereafter? - ✔✔Fungal enzymes Fungal digestion - ✔✔is extracellular, meaning that it takes place outside the organism Lichens are symbiotic associations of fungi and - ✔✔cyanobacteria or algae The term gymnosperm refers to plants - ✔✔with "naked seeds"
On the phylogenetic tree, where should the origin of fruits be placed? - ✔✔At the base of the angiosperms On the phylogenetic tree, where should the origin of flowers be placed? - ✔✔At the base of the angiosperms A stoma consists of a - ✔✔pore surrounded by specialized guard cells Cuticle, stomata, and vascular tissue are all key adaptions enabling land plants to - ✔✔colonize land Fruit is most important in facilitating - ✔✔seed dispersal Where are you least likely to see green algae? - ✔✔Growing independently on dry rock in meadows Liverworts, hornworts, and mosses are grouped together as brytophytes. Besides not having a vascular tissue, what do they all have in common? - ✔✔They require water for reproduction What impact will the loss of land plants have on the soil? - ✔✔Decrease soil fertility Which of the following is a land plant that has flagellated sperm and a sporophyte-dominated life cycle? - ✔✔Fern Angiosperms are the most successful terrestrial plants. Which of the following features is unique to them and helps account for their success? - ✔✔Fruits enclosing seeds
