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STRAIGHTERLINE ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY 1 EXAM | QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS (VERIFIED) | LATEST
UPDATE | GRADED A+
An organ system is Correct Answer: a group of organs with a common set of functions An organelle is Correct Answer: a small structure within a cell A cell is Correct Answer: the basic structural unit of living organisms What technique creates a three-dimensional dynamic image of blood vessels? Correct Answer: digital subtraction angiography The delivery of a radioactive compound to the body to study the metabolism of tissues is called Correct Answer: PET
A tissue is a Correct Answer: group of cells with similar structure and function What branch of physiology would study the effects of sunbathing on the skin? Correct Answer: organ physiology Microscopic examination of a frozen tissue specimen is an application of which of the following disciplines? Correct Answer: histology There are more microbial cells than human cells in your body and the health of this microbiota clearly influences human well-being. How many microbes are there?. Correct Answer: For every cell in your body, there are ten microbial cells The study of the body's organization by areas is Correct Answer: regional anatomy Medial means Correct Answer: toward the middle or midline of the body This is a sagittal section through the abdominopelvic cavity. What structures does "E" represent?
Blood pressure decreases below normal levels.→ Blood flow to the heart decreases → Heart is unable to pump as much blood.→ Blood pressure decreases even more. This is an example of _____ feedback. Correct Answer: positive The popliteal region is the Correct Answer: hollow behind the knee Cations and anions that dissociate in water are sometimes called Correct Answer: electrolytes, because they can conduct an electrical current An atom has an atomic number of 19 and a mass number of 39. This atom will have Correct Answer: 20 neutrons A neutral atom contains Correct Answer: the same number of electrons and protons Subatomic particles located around the nucleus of an atom are Correct Answer: electrons Which of the following is not a use of X-ray imaging?
Correct Answer: brain tumor progression In an x-ray film of the skeletal system, the dense tissue areas appear ______ because they ______ the x-rays; and the less dense tissues appear ______ because they ______ the x-rays. Correct Answer: light, absorb; dark, do not absorb Sodium chloride is considered a(n) Correct Answer: compound Which of the following factors will influence the rate of chemical reactions? Correct Answer: All of these factors will influence the rate of chemical reactions The four most abundant elements in the human body are Correct Answer: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen The three forms of matter are: Correct Answer: solids, liquids, and gases Eicosanoids Correct Answer: play a role in the response of tissues to injuries The sodium chloride molecule breaks apart in water. What does "A" represent?
The pH value Correct Answer: is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions In order to study in detail the anatomy of internal cell parts, it would be best to use Correct Answer: a transmission electron microscope (TEM) What structure does "A" represent on the diagram of the plasma membrane? Correct Answer: phospholipid bilayer What structure does "D" represent on the diagram of the plasma membrane? Correct Answer: integral protein Which of the following activities is a function of the plasma membrane? Correct Answer: recognition of bacterial cells by the immune system What structure does "B" represent on the diagram of the plasma membrane? Correct Answer: membrane channel protein What structure does "E" represent on the diagram of the plasma membrane? Correct Answer: internal membrane surface If 0.9% NaCl (saline) solution is isotonic to a cell, then a 0.5% saline solution Correct Answer: is hypotonic to the cell
What type of membrane proteins have an exposed site on the outer cell surface that can attach to a ligand? Correct Answer: receptor proteins A cell's ability to replenish ATP is reduced by a metabolic poison. Which organelle is being affected? Correct Answer: mitochondrion Red blood cells (RBCs) have been placed in three different solutions: hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic. What is solution "B" relative to the RBC? Correct Answer: hypertonic solution Large molecules move across cell membrane with the help or assistance of protein carriers. This type of transport is generically called _______. Correct Answer: mediated transport What is membrane potential? Correct Answer: The electrical charge difference across the membrane caused by ion movement. Which mature cells do not have a nucleus? Correct Answer: red blood cells
The presence of a cellular clock, presence of "death genes" and damage to DNA or mitochondria are all theories of _____. Correct Answer: aging A non-albino female who is a carrier for the albino allele (Aa), mates with an albino (aa) male. What is the probability that their children will be albino? Correct Answer: 50% The actual genetic constitution of an individual is its Correct Answer: genotype A __________ is a display of the chromosomes of a somatic cell during metaphase of mitosis. Correct Answer: karyotype The process of meiosis will _____ as the gametes are produced Correct Answer: cut the chromosome number by 1/ A person's height, intelligence, eye color, and skin color are examples of Correct Answer: polygenic traits Which of the following genotypes will result in a male? Correct Answer: XY
What term describes the inheritance of a trait which in the heterozygote has an intermediate expression between either allele? Correct Answer: Incomplete dominance Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance? Correct Answer: beta thalassemia What term means that both alleles are different? Correct Answer: heterozygous A gene that is responsible for producing trypsin in the pancreas would be a ____ gene. Correct Answer: dominant Chromosomes that are NOT associated with sex determination are known as Correct Answer: autosomes What genetic disorder is caused by having three chromosomes 21? Correct Answer: Down syndrome What genetic disorder is a type of dwarfism characterized by shortening of the upper and lower limbs? Correct Answer: achondroplasia
What is the girdle of glycoproteins just below the tight junction between epithelial cells? Correct Answer: adhesion belt What is the removal of a tissue sample from patients via surgery or needle to diagnose disease? Correct Answer: biopsy A gland with branching ducts that end in acini would be classified as Correct Answer: compound acinar A cell that forms fibrous connective tissue would be called a Correct Answer: fibroblast A muscle that is not consciously controlled and has a banded appearance would be described as Correct Answer: striated involuntary What type of cells contain large amounts of lipids? Correct Answer: adipocytes The type of membrane that lines freely movable joints is a _____ membrane. Correct Answer: synovial
Which of the following is NOT an adhesive molecule found in the ground substance of connective tissue? Correct Answer: chondroitin sulfate Hyaluronic acid gives a very slippery quality to fluids that contain it. Hyaluronic acid Correct Answer: is a good lubricant for joint cavities What type of cells break down bone tissue? Correct Answer: osteoclast Which of the following terms correctly identifies the name of an embryonic germ layer? Correct Answer: ectoderm What attaches epithelial cells to the basement membrane? Correct Answer: hemidesmosomes The extracellular material of a tissue is called the: Correct Answer: matrix What type of muscle is found attached to bones? Correct Answer: skeletal muscle
The proximal portion of the nail is the Correct Answer: nail root The nail proper is composed of the Correct Answer: stratum corneum When comparing the dermis with the hypodermis, the dermis Correct Answer: is divided into two layers; the hypodermis is not. Melanin is found in which cells? Correct Answer: Both melanocytes and keratinocytes This is the dermal layer closest to the epidermis. Correct Answer: papillary layer Some drugs for treating acne include peroxides that increases 'peeling' or shedding of skin. This drugs' side effects include drying of the skin, redness, rashes, bleaching and possible loss of hair in areas in contact. Do peroxides have an effect on the sebum- production? Correct Answer: Yes, the effect is on the dermis and the sebaceous glands are located there.
As skin cells move toward the surface of the body, they produce a protein that reduces water loss. This process is called Correct Answer: keratinization The blue color of superficial blood vessels results from Correct Answer: the light-scattering properties of collagen sweat Correct Answer: is produced by a merocrine or apocrine gland Excessive shedding of this layer of the epidermis of the scalp is responsible for dandruff. Correct Answer: stratum corneum The integumentary system has many functions, one of which is Correct Answer: detection of heat and touch What type of burn involves damage to the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue? Correct Answer: Full thickness With aging, individuals tend to feel colder and usually need the thermostat in their home set higher in the winter to feel warm enough. This is probably because the elderly Correct Answer: experience a decrease in the thickness of their subcutaneous fat layer
Correct Answer: spongy bone Some marrow of long bones is termed "red" marrow. The function of red marrow is to Correct Answer: manufacture blood cells Which of the following is NOT a function of bone? Correct Answer: immunity Ligaments attach Correct Answer: bone to bone The connective tissue sheath of cartilage is called the Correct Answer: perichondrium What is the type of ossification that forms the flat bones of the skull? Correct Answer: intramembranous ossification Which of the following is NOT an effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH)? Correct Answer: All of these are effects of PTH This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the Epiphyseal Plate. What is zone "A"? Correct Answer: zone of resting cartilage
This condition is also known as hump back. Correct Answer: kyphosis The auditory ossicles are part of the Correct Answer: axial skeleton Which of the following facial bones is correctly matched with its function? Correct Answer: maxilla - possesses sockets for teeth Which of the following is a function of the vertebral column? Correct Answer: It allows spinal nerves to exit the spinal cord. What results from damage to annulus fibrosus and release of nucleus pulposus? Correct Answer: herniated disk The ligamentum nuchae Correct Answer: helps keep the head erect The humerus articulates with the radius at the Correct Answer: capitulum Maya is experiencing pain and discomfort in her posterior coxal region. Which specific joint may be the problem?
