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Straighterline Business Ethics Final
Exam Review question with answers
Identify the bill that was passed in April 2009 to amend the executive compensation provisions of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008... - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The Grayson-Himes Pay for Performance Act Which of the following statements is true about ethical decision making in business? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Ethical decision making should rely on the personal values and principles of the individuals involved The crux of normative ethics is that these disciplines - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔presuppose some underlying values Which of the following is a true statement about norms - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔They are standards of appropriate and proper behavior Ethics refers to the applications of _____ on which people's decisions are based - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔morals Which of the following observations is true? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The law cannot anticipate every new dilemma that businesses might face
_____ reasoning is reasoning about what we should believe - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔theoretical Which of the following can be thought of as the answer to the fundamental questions of theoretical reason? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The scientific method _____ refers to shortsightedness about values - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Normative myopia Identify the true statement about normative myopia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔It refers to the shortsightedness about values Identify the social role from the following - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔citizen, brother, mother etc. When making a decision, selecting the alternative that meets the minimum decision criteria is selected is known as _____. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔satisficing Identify the institutional role from the following - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔teacher, librarian, etc.
Identify a true statement about corporate cultures - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Corporate cultures influence, limit, and shape the decision making within a firm Unlike the goals of a more evolved and inclusive ethics program, the goals of a traditional compliance-oriented program include - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔minimizing the risks of litigation and indictment Identify a true statement about a compliance-based culture - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A compliance-based culture is only as strong and as precise as the rules which workers are expected to follow Which of the following is an essential element in establishing an ethical leadership? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The end or objective toward which the leader leads The means used to motivate others and achieve one's goals plays a key role in distinguishing between - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔effective leaders and ethical leaders Identify an effective way of creating clear and successful reporting schemes
- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Reinforcing the organization's values through its compensation and reward structure The first step in constructing a personal code or mission for a firm is to - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ask oneself what one stands for or what the firm stands for
The final step in the development of corporate codes of conduct or mission statements is to - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔believe that the culture is actually possible and achievable _____ and an ongoing ethics audit allow organizations to uncover silent vulnerabilities that could pose challenges later to the firm, thus serving as a vital element in risk assessment and prevention - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Monitoring Which of the following is true about the Sarbanes-Oxley Act - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔It required public companies to establish a code of conduct for top executives and, if they did not have one, to explain why it did not exist Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to the - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ethical expectation that society has for business Which of the following statements is true of the common view of corporate social responsibility (CSR)? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔It holds that the primary responsibility of managers is to serve shareholders The form of business that limits the liability of individuals for the risks involved in business activities is known as _____. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔corporation
Enlightened self-interest, an important justification offered for corporate social responsibility (CSR), presumes that - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔good ethics can also be good business Some employers emphasize the rights and duties of all employees and treat employees well simply because "it is the right thing to do." Identify the ethical approach for this perspective - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Deontological ethics Which of the following is true of "bullying" in the workplace? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Bullying can involve a boss who is constantly yelling dictates at workers because that is his job. Identify the doctrine which holds that employers are free to fire an employee at any time and for any reason unless an agreement specifies otherwise - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The doctrine of employment at will The life of one who dies in a workplace accident has _____ value that can be measured, in part, by the lost wages that would have been earned had that person lived. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔instrumental One of the challenges in the acceptable risk approach to workplace health and safety is that it: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔assumes an equivalency between workplace risks and other types of risks when there are significant differences between them
With regard to health and safety at a workplace, _____ can be determined by comparing the probabilities of harm involved in various activities - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔relative risks _____ requires that an economic value be placed on one's life and bodily integrity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Cost-benefit analysis Identify a true statement about the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) established by the U.S. Congress in 1970 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔When OSHA was first established, regulations were aimed at achieving the safest feasible standards Recently, _____ became the first country to legalize child labor from the age of 10 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Bolivia The law relating to affirmative action applies only to about 20 percent of the workforce who are subject to Executive Order 11246, which requires affirmative action efforts to ensure equal opportunity. Which of the following is required by courts in order to remedy a finding of past discrimination when Executive Order 11246 is not applicable? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Judicial affirmative action Which of the following affirmative action plans would include training plans and programs, focused recruiting activity, or the elimination of discrimination? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Voluntary affirmative action
Identify a policy under which an employer refuses to hire or terminates a worker whose spouse works at a competing firm - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Conflict-of-interest policy Which of the following statements about the regulation of off-work acts in the United States is true? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Laws that protect employees against discrimination based on marital status exist in just under half of the states. According to empirical studies, greater consumption is likely to lead to unhappiness. This condition is called _____ - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔affluenza A simple situation in which two parties come together and freely agree to an exchange is only prima facie ethically legitimate because: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔certain conditions must be met before it can be concluded that autonomy has been respected and mutual benefit has been achieved. Identify a true statement about the implied warranty of merchantability - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔It holds that a business has a duty to ensure that its products will accomplish their purpose. Which of the following statements is true about negligence? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔One can be negligent by doing something that one should not
Society creates a strong incentive for businesses to produce safer goods and services by holding them responsible for any harm their products cause. This claim supports the - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔strict product liability standard Along with product safety, _____ is another area of marketing that has received significant legal and philosophical attention within business ethics
- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔advertising An employer is held liable for damages caused by an accident involving an employee driving the company car on company business. Identify the law underlying this decision. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The doctrine of respondent superior In economic terms, resources that are not being used to satisfy consumer demand - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔are being wasted William Baxter argued that - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔there is an optimal level of pollution that can be achieved through competitive markets. Identify a true statement about the environmental legislation enacted in the 1970s - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔It shifted the burden from those threatened with harm to those who would cause the harm. Which of the following was charged with developing recommendations for paths toward economic and social development that would not achieve
Misappropriation of proprietary knowledge is an example of _____. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔insider trading Individual codes of conduct based on one's value structures regarding how one should live, how one should act, what one should do, and what kind of a person should one be is sometimes referred to as _____. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔morality Which of the following is true about values? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Values are underlying beliefs that cause us to act or to decide in a certain way Which of the following is a true statement about the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔What counts as a disability remains ambiguous under the law. Practical reasoning is reasoning about: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔what we should do. Which of the following is true of inattentional blindness? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔It occurs when people pay specific attention to a particular element of a decision, while losing sight of other aspects of it. Which of the following causes inattentional blindness according to Bazerman and Chugh? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Focusing failures
When faced with a situation that suggests two clear alternative ways forward, we often consider only those two clear paths, missing the fact that other alternatives might be possible. Considering limited alternatives is a stumbling block to responsible action that can be categorized as a(n) _____. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔cognitive barrier Identify the attitude which leads to an unexamined life not worth living according to Socrates? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Passivity The three major categories of an ethical framework are - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔consequences, principles, and personal character Which of the following would be advocated by the "administrative" version of utilitarianism? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Government regulation of business The Kantian tradition claims that humans do not act only out of instinct and conditioning; they make free choices... - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔autonomy The _____ tradition claims that our fundamental human rights, and the duties that follow from them, are derived from our nature as free and rational beings - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Kantian
Which of the following should an organization do in order to have an effective compliance and ethics program - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The organization should establish standards and procedures to prevent and detect criminal conduct. When firms are effective in enacting ethics programs, _____. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔employees are more likely to see themselves as participants in an ethical workplace culture Which of the following statements is true of the common view of corporate social responsibility (CSR)? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔It holds that the primary responsibility of managers is to serve shareholders Identify a true statement about social responsibility - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔It refers to what a business should or ought to do for the sake of the society, even if it comes with an economic cost Which of the following models of corporate social responsibility (CSR) considers business as a citizen of the society that it operates in? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Stakeholder model Identify a true statement about the philanthropic perspective of the economic model of corporate social responsibility. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔This approach is especially common with small, privately owned
businesses where the owners also often play a prominent leadership role within their local community _____ recognizes that every business decision imposes costs on someone and mandates that those costs be acknowledged - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Stakeholder theory Identify a true statement about the integrative model of corporate social responsibility (CSR - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔It suggests that firms should fully combine economic and social goals by bringing social responsibilities into the core of their business model.
