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Students with Disabilities CST NYSTCE (060) Exam Questions and Answers 1., Exams of English Literature

University of CumbriaEnglish Literature

Students with Disabilities CST NYSTCE (060) Exam Questions and Answers 1. Panel on Mental Retardation: In 1961, President Kennedy appointed a panel of experts to prepare a national plan for "combating mental retardation." 2. Elementary and Secondary Education Act in 1965: The Elementary and Sec- ondary Education Act (ESEA) was a cornerstone of President Lyndon B. Johnson's "War on Poverty" (McLaughlin, 1975). ... ESEA is an extensive statute that funds primary and secondary education, emphasizing high standards and accountability. As mandated in the act, funds are authorized for professional development, instruc- tional materials, resources to support educational programs, and the promotion of parental involvement.

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Students with Disabilities CST NYSTCE (060) Exam
Questions and Answers
1.Panel on Mental Retardation: In 1961, President Kennedy
appointed a panel of experts to prepare a national plan for "combating
mental retardation."
2.Elementary and Secondary Education Act in 1965: The
Elementary and Sec- ondary Education Act (ESEA) was a cornerstone
of President Lyndon B. Johnson's "War on Poverty" (McLaughlin,
1975). ... ESEA is an extensive statute that funds primary and
secondary education, emphasizing high standards and accountability.
As mandated in the act, funds are authorized for professional
development, instruc- tional materials, resources to support educational
programs, and the promotion of parental involvement. (QUALITY AND
EQUALITY)
3. Public Law 94-143:
4.The Education for all handicapped Children Act (EHA): Public
Law 94-143.
Passed in 1975 and later reauthorized as IDEA. guaranteed a free
appropriate public education to each child with a disability.
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Students with Disabilities CST NYSTCE (060) Exam

Questions and Answers

  1. Panel on Mental Retardation: In 1961, President Kennedy appointed a panel of experts to prepare a national plan for "combating mental retardation."
  2. Elementary and Secondary Education Act in 1965: The Elementary and Sec- ondary Education Act (ESEA) was a cornerstone of President Lyndon B. Johnson's "War on Poverty" (McLaughlin, 1975). ... ESEA is an extensive statute that funds primary and secondary education, emphasizing high standards and accountability. As mandated in the act, funds are authorized for professional development, instruc- tional materials, resources to support educational programs, and the promotion of parental involvement. (QUALITY AND EQUALITY) 3. Public Law 94-143:
  3. The Education for all handicapped Children Act (EHA): Public Law 94-143. Passed in 1975 and later reauthorized as IDEA. guaranteed a free appropriate public education to each child with a disability.
  1. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA): is the federal law that govern the education of children with disabilities.

must be evaluated, at no cost to the parents, for their eligibility for special service. Parents must be in involved in the evaluation process. Either parents or a school professional 2 / 11

(teacher) may request an evaluation, but parental consent is required before evaluation can take place.

  1. Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) part of IDEA: students with dis- abilities are entitled to the same types of educational experiences as their peers without disabilities. Schools must provide each child with a disability an education experience that is appropriate to his or her age and abilities at no cost to the parents. 3 / 11

objectives described in the IEP must align with state curriculum standards for general education. When the student reaches

16 the IEP must contain a description of the student's goals falling graduation and the transition services needed to achieve those goals.

  1. Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP): Prior to the age of 3, each child who shows signs of developmental delay must have an IFSP. It is a written document similar to the IEP that focuses on the gmail and the child's natural environment.
  2. The Vocation Rehabilitation Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA): forbids discrimination against individuals with disabilities.
  3. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA): helps ensure the privacy of educational records such as IEPs.
  4. The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB): increases the accountability of schools with respect to the academic progress of students with disabilities.
  5. Referrals: IDEA, as well as New York State regulations, specify a process for referrals. In order to determine if a child has a disability and requires special ed. services, a referral for evaluation must be made. A referral can be made by parents, school staff, or administrators. Physicians, judicial officers, and students over 18, can make a request for an initial referral too. Parents whose children have not previously
  1. CSE Committee on special education: The multidisciplinary teams that re- ceives referrals. They are in charge of making arrangements for the evaluation of a student who has been referred. They determine the basis of evaluation results

whether the student is eligible for special ed services. they are in charge of develop- ing and implementing an IEP. They review the IEP on an annual basis and modify it as need. They develop a transition plan too.

  1. CPSE Committee on preschool Special Education: For children between the ages of 3 and 5 the team is called.
  2. Procedural Safeguards: consists of a set of rules and procedures designed to protect the rights and interest of parents and their children with disabilities. Schools are required to give parents an explanation of the procedural safeguards (parents' rights) when their children are evaluated or re-evaluated.
  3. Due Process: Refers to the principles that attempt to guarantee the rights of citizens.
  4. Due Process hearings: allow the parents to bring their complaints before an impartial, experienced individual from outside the school district. The hearing are conducted at no cost to parents, although parents are ordinarily responsible for their attorney's fees. Due process hearings can also be requested by schools, as happens sometimes, for example when parents refuse to allow a child to be
  1. Age of Majority: is the age that a person becomes a legal adult. In many states, including New York, the age of majority is
  2. Once a student with a disability has reached the age of majority, the student must receive notice of IEP meetings, consent to evaluations and other IEP content, and otherwise function as their parents once did prior to the student reaching the age of majority.
  3. Prereferral: The purpose of pre referral is to help students who are struggling in the gen ed setting before referring them for special ed. assessment. The team ob- tains information about the student's strengths and weakness, designs and oversees the implementation of interventions, and evaluates the results of the interventions. If the interventions are not successful, referral for special education assessment will be made.
  4. RTI Response to Intervention: is used as the pre referral process. It is a school-level process that involves screening, monitoring, and responding appropri- ately. All students revive high quality instruction. students who struggle academically are provided with increasingly intense and individualized instruction. If the student continues to struggle at the final tier, the student will be referred for

special education assessment.

  1. Phonology: refers to speech sounds. Each phoneme in a language consists of a distinct sound used to distinguish spoken words in the language. For example, the word sick consists of three phonemes- /s/, /i/, /k/. The English Language contains about 45 phonemes.
  2. Semantics: refers to the meaning of parts of words, words, sentences and larger units.
  3. Grammar: refers to the rules that govern the structure of language. Can be divided into syntax and morphology
  4. Syntax: pertains to rules governing the placement of words in phrases, clauses, and sentences.
  5. Morphology: refers to rules governing the use of morphemes, or the smallest parts of words that contribute to meaning. Prefixes and suffixes are morphemes.
  6. Pragmatic: can be defined as whatever contributes to meaning over and above the literal meaning of the words. (contextual information, differing tones of voices, figurative language, communicative contexts
  7. Orthography: refers to the system of representing oral language in writing. Rules pertain to spelling, punctuation,

capitalization, and the use of hyphens.

the number of sight words that they recognize continues to grow. They read with greater fluency and focus more on meaning. There is an improvement in reading comprehension can now

be seen in children's ability to infer meaning from context, make predictions about what will happen next in a story, and discuss what they have read.

  1. Reading to Learn: improvements in children's decoding skills, increases in the number of sight words they automatically recognize, and a deeper understanding of