Microbiology Ch 78
Genome completesetofgenetic info
cells
mustundergo
DNA
replication
transcription
translation tomultiplyDivide
NAdeoxy
ribonucleicacid deoxyribose
phosphate
nucleobase
tyingfittings 5Pa
b
hate 3
Yarbon
VRNAribonucleicacidriboseuracil
RNAmessengerRNA
RNA ribosomal
RNA
TRNAtransferRNA
Keplication
forkstheres2ateach
origin yshaped forks
meetatterminating
sitewhencomplet
replication
startsatthe
originofreplication
Gyrase breaks
DNA
strand
helicase unwinds
DNA
helix
primaseenzyme
thatsynthesizes
RNA
sequencescalled
primers
DNAReplication
1Atthe
originhelicase
unwinds
DNA
2SSB
Proteins
bind
tothe
DNA
strandstokeepthem
aph case so primate polymerase Ligase
3primase
makes
RNA
primers
on
both
strands
4DNA
polymerase
builds
new
strands 5to3
5Ligase
takes
care
ofthegaps
betweenokazaki
fragments sealingthem together
DNAtranscription occurs innucleus
1MRNA
can
go
out
of
the
nucleusinto
cytoplasm
whereitattachesto aribosome ribosomes
makeprotein
2ribosomes
madeofrRNAbuilds
proteinfor
translation mrna n'Biome translation
The
MRNAinprokaryotescanbe
one
geneormultiple
Translation
1tRNA
carry
amino
acids
on
them
and
act
upon
the
signal
provided
bymRNA forth
aIdle
Phi
2tRNA
reads
thebasescodon
at
a
time
and
will
providethecomplimentarybase
pair
Sigma
factor recognizespromoter
Quorum
sensing cell
signaling
membrane spanningsensorchanges
internal
region phosphorylates Amino
Acids
responseregulator
turns
genesonoff
phosphate
group
transferred
from
sensor
antigenicvariation strategy
for
pathogensto
evade
bychanging
their
surfaceantigensso
theyreunrecogniza
phase
variation switches
geneson off
operon setof
regulated
genestranscribedas
MRNA
regulon separate
operonscontrolled
byasingleregulatorymechanism
