Renal Disorders
1. Compare cystitis and pyelonephritis
Cystitis
Eitology: UTI’s, sexual activity
Pathophysiology:
Manifestations: frequency and urgency of urination, burning and pain, lower abdominal
and back discomfort, inflammation of bladder, cysts, fever (absent in adults)
Complications:
Pyelonephritis
Etiology: kidney infection, inflammation affecting the tubules.
Pathophysiology:
Manifestations: chills, fever, headache, back pain, urinary urgency, tenderness, general
malaise.
Complicatons:
Chronic pyelonephritis: cause is due to reflux
2.Describe the developmet of acute postreptococcal glomerulonephritis, including
laboratory changes and manifestations.
Development: poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis follows a streptococcal infection by
approximately 7 to 12 days; time needed for the development of antibodies.
Laboratory changes: elevated streptococcal exo- enzyme (antistreptolysin O) titer, a
decline in C3 complement and cryoglobulins in the serum
Manifestations: first sign of this disorder is the cola- colored urine. oliguria, proteinuria,
hematuria
3. Nephrotic syndrome
Etiology: diabetes mellitus, amyloidosis, SLE, and it varies with age.
Pathophysiology:
Manifestations: Renal vein thrombosis, Deep vein thrombosis, Pulmonary emboli,
atherosclerosis
Complications:
