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Oct 303:17 PM
Atomic Structure
Aim: To determine the number ofprotons, neutrons and
electrons in a neutral atom.
Oct 303:17 PM
Proton:
Neutron:
Electron:
Table O shows you the notation of the subatomic particles within all atoms.
What are the three subatomic particles in an atom?
Notation for Elements mass= 1 amu charge= + mass= 1 amu charge= 0 (neutral) mass= 0 amu (1/1836 amu), negligible compared to a proton or neutron charge= - located within the nucleus of the atom located in orbitals outside of the nucleus A= mass number Z= atomic number X= element or particles symbol
Oct 303:17 PM 1) The atomic number = the number of protons This is used to identify the element. It is the "fingerprint" of the element. **The symbol for an element in the Periodic table tells you 3 things relating to the subatomic particles:
- The mass of the atom is found in the nucleus and is composed of the protons and neutrons.**
- mass number = # of neutrons + # of protons 3) The number of electrons= the number of protons for any neutral atom. All atoms are electrically neutral (no charge) because the # of protons equals the # of electrons for an atom and the opposite charges cancel out. atomic mass. Round to a whole number for the mass number atomic number electron configuration. shows the arrangement of electrons in principle energy levels. Add the numbers to get the total electrons. 2+4= 6 electrons 12= # neutrons + (^6) # n = 6 atomic number= 6 6 protons 6 protons 6 electrons Oct 303:17 PM Counting Subatomic Particles How many protons, electrons and neutrons does Iodine have? **atomic number= 53 mass number= 127 amu e- configuration: 2-8-18-18- 2+8+18+18+7= 53 e- OR
p= #e- for neutral atoms so 53
protons means there are 53 electrons. protons= 53 neutrons= 74 electrons= 53 mass= 127 amu and is composed of p + n, therefore 127-53= 74 neutrons**
Oct 303:17 PM Element Symbol (^) Mass # protons # electrons # neutrons Co 59 12 7 Silver 18 Ne 10 Li Oct 303:17 PM Element Symbol Mass # protons # electrons # neutrons 26 35 Helium 20 Ti 29
