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What does bookend mean? ✔✔Discuss a potentially triggering event before it happens, "bookend" it, and then discuss it again during a debriefing style conversation Typically how long must someone be in treatment before results are seen? ✔✔ 3 months Is inpatient or outpatient more effective? ✔✔They are generally the same, but provide different levels of services. According to the most popular recovery outline, how many stages are there? ✔✔ 3 Early recovery- (1 month-1 year): involves entering treatment and embarking on abstinence. Relapse is highly likely. Middle recovery (at least one year- could be indefinite): someone may stay in this stage if they continue to relapse. Greater confidence in abstinence is obtained, defeating cravings, lifestyle changes take place. Late recovery/maintenance: maintains abstinence, improves other areas of life (relationships), utilizes relapse prevention skills. What are the group stages as identified by Tuckerman? ✔✔Forming, storming, morning, performing, adjourning. When is someone most likely to develop an SUD? ✔✔Adolescents. Because the brain is still functioning, hormonal changes are occurring, significant social stressors.
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What types of interventions are used for youth in schools and communities? ✔✔Universal programs- risk and protective factors for all children Selective programs- used with identified at risk youth Indicated programs- address youth who have already been involved with substance use. What is not fundamental to an intake assessment? ✔✔Any referrals the client has had made. What is not a component of the treatment plan? ✔✔The morality being used. However, interventions should be listed and perceived benefit of these interventions for the client is essential. What is DAP ✔✔A format for notes. Data, assessment, plan What is the biggest distinction between self-help groups and other groups? ✔✔Self-help groups offer support and other groups offer treatment What is the primary aim of case management services? ✔✔To provide the least restrictive level of care that meets the clients needs. What are the parts of tracking the success of a referral for a client? ✔✔Who- who is the client, provider, and their demographics What- what led to the referral? How- how did the referral source handle the client and their problem?
What are the 5 criteria that must be met before a court order is issued? ✔✔1. The crime must be serious, such as having a risk of harm.
- The requested information must be germane to the investigation
- The info must be unable to be obtained from any other sources
- The need for the information must be greater than the harm that is likely to be caused to the client, counselor, and program relationship.
- The program must be given a chance to consult legal counsel. What are simple, amplified, and double-sides reflections? ✔✔Simple reflection- repeating the clients statement in one's own words in a non-judgement way. Amplified reflection- repeating the clients statement in an exaggerated form. Double- sided reflection- pointing out a contradiction by acknowledging the clients current statement and then repeating the previous contradicting statement they made. All are ways to deal with resistance. What is reframing? ✔✔The counselor repeats the clients statement with a positive or different twist to it to help the client see alternative interpretations, useful in dealing with resistance and changing understanding. When would a counselor side with the negative statement of a client? ✔✔If they were resistant to something. Siding with the negative helps the client feel companionship and change their confrontational direction
What are the parts of the brain stem? ✔✔Oblongata, pons, and midbrain What are the parts of the limbic system? ✔✔Hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, and others. What does the limbic system primarily control? ✔✔Emotional response, long-term memory, and is necessary for decision making In what part of the hypothalamus and what does it control? ✔✔It is part of the limbic system It control involuntary functions such as body temp, heart rate, sex drive, and hunger. Also helps regulate emotions and is a binding spot of drugs. What does the cerebellum control? ✔✔Coordinates voluntary movements involved in motor learning, language, and attention. Drugs that bind here cause motor dysfunction and balance problems. What does the thalamus control? ✔✔A part of the midbrain that controls consciousness, regulates arousal, awareness, and sleep cycle. Is involved in relating sensory information to the cerebral cortex and interpreting sensations of pleasure and pain What does the subthalamas do? ✔✔Works in conjunction with the cerebellum to control motor activity. What are the lobes of the cerebrum? ✔✔Occipital- vision Parietal- collects information on the location of objects in relation to the body Frontal lobes- planning, processing, impulse control, judgement.
What is the TAPS assessment and how is it used? ✔✔Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription drugs, and other Substances. TAPS-1: 4 questions about the frequency of use of these four categories of drugs in the past 12 months. Any "yes" answer leads to administering the TAPS- TAPS-2: Includes questions about the frequency and situations of use in the past 3 months. What is the purpose of screening before an assessment for co-occurring disorders? ✔✔Screening does not necessarily provide detailed information or even identify if there is a co-occurring disorder, it simply establishes areas that need further exploration in the assessment. If screening does identify these problems, it is not until the assessment stage that the problems are elaborated on and the severity, contributing factors, and type of use are identified. What are the different types of drug screenings? ✔✔chemical drug tests, drug-recognition techniques, self-reports from clients, reports from others. In what order is the screening, intake, and assessment process done? ✔✔Screening is done first to determine if the client is a good fit for the program or treatment, Intake is then done to go over paperwork for the program, financial forms, confidentiality paperwork, and discuss assignment for a provider, Assessment is the final step before treatment and is done by the professional provider to allow for an in-depth understanding of the person. When does assessment take place? ✔✔During the screening process
Assessment is more comprehensive than the screening process. What is the SBI ✔✔Screening to Brief Intervention Similar to the SBIRT Assessed for potential problems with all substances. No risk- provide positive reinforcement Low risk- ask further questions and provide educational intervention High risk- ask further questions, motivation interviewing, potentially refer to treatment. Define assessment and assessment for co-occurring disorders ✔✔Assessment- the evaluation of all aspects of the clients functioning. Co-occurring assessment- like a regular assessment with emphasis on substance use severity, determining abuse versus addiction, and transmit-able diseases. What is the point of analyzing assessment data? ✔✔To determine the severity of the substance use problem, the personas attitude towards treatment and willingness, differentiate between dependence and addiction, identify the drugs of abuse. This data will determine the course and type of treatment. What is the goal of assessment? ✔✔To determine the extent of the problem and the other areas that are being affected (psychological, familial, social, physical, financial) What are the barriers to completing an assessment? ✔✔
What are the 5 stages of substance abuse? ✔✔Experimentation- occasional use, use with friends, occasionally used to deal with stressors Regular use-a pattern of use develops (every weekend) Problem use- person experiences problems because of their use (loss of job, legal troubles, divorce) Dependence- increasing tolerance, continued use despite problems, withdrawal symptoms begin to develop Addiction- a physical and psychological need for the substance, use despite problems, cravings and drug seeking behavior. What are the 7 neurotransmitters and their function ✔✔Serotonin- Excitatory (emotion, mood, sleep, temp) Acetycholine- Excitatory (Muscle movement) Norephenephrine (Excitatory) Arousal, mood, memory formation Dopamine- Excitatory and inhibitatory (Body movement, pleassure, reward) Gaba- inhibitory (mood, behavior) Glycine- Inhibitory (spinal reflexes and motor behavior) Enkephalins/endorphins (inhibitory) Pain and pleassure Physical dependence ✔✔The body needs the drug for normal functioning and has associated the state of intoxication as normal.
Drug ✔✔Any substance, synthetic or not, that changes the bodies function and structure. Psychoactive drug ✔✔Any drug synthetic or not that causes changes in cognition, behavior, mood, or perceptions. Depressant drug ✔✔A drug that reduces the activity of the CNS and causes a relaxed or sedating effect. Addiction ✔✔Involves compulsive use of the drug despite known problems and is interchangeable with dependence. Alcoholism ✔✔Considered a chronic disease that is characterized by a lack of control over drinking, preoccupation with drinking, intake of alcohol despite ill effects. Abstinence ✔✔Avoidance of all drugs and alcohol Relapse ✔✔Use of a drug after a period of abstinence Withdrawal ✔✔The physical and psychological effects of not having a drug once someone is dependent on it. What is instillation? ✔✔A transdermal method of drug use. LSD can be used this way Drug schedules are determined by what three criteria? ✔✔
