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Environmental Activism and Education at Sewanee University and Berea College, Lab Reports of Environmental Science

Various environmental programs and initiatives at sewanee university and berea college, including waste-not, serp, and the sustainable campus program. Students are encouraged to participate in short-term projects, political change, and environmental education. Case studies of environmental injustice are explored, and students learn important skills while assisting with nutrient management on the college farm.

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Uploaded on 08/19/2009

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February 2006
Volume 1, Issue 5
The Sustainable Campus
The Newsletter of the Berea College
Sustainability and Environmental Studies Program
the Eco-Cup, a campus-wide high profile,
month-long competition to decrease
energy and water consumption, a green
newsletter, fraternity/sorority recycling,
and a Green Pledge dinner, where
graduating seniors pledge to maintain
environmentally friendly lifestyles.
Waste-Not is a less formal
program that enables students to
participate short-term in single projects.
Waste-Not makes trips to local elementary
schools, teaching environmental education
and planting trees, and serves as a voice of
the green student body to the
administration of the University.
The Eco-House is a small dorm
whose residents actively work to live more
sustainably. Eco-House residents act as an
example to others by composting food,
working in their garden, and doing
outreach activities.
SERP (Students fo r an
Environmentally Responsible President)
focuses its efforts on political change.
Our goal is to provide every
member of our diverse student body with
an avenue for environmental activism that
meets their particular interests. For
example, the math major who volunteered
Necessary Discontent
By Mary Bruce Gray, Haley Merrill,
Dr. Sid Brown and Dr. Lucia Dale
Mention peak oil or global
warming, and most students will simply
sh ru g th ei r shoulders. In o ur
conversations with student leaders from
across the South, it is apparent that their
main concern is the apathy of their
student bodies.
With its origin in the Greek
apatheia – not suffering – apathy is the
inability or refusal to experience pain.
Faced with seemingly intractable problems
such as global climate change, destruction
of ecosystems, and depletion of fossil
fuels, it’s natural to want to ignore them,
to avoid feeling the pain, to surrender to
apathy.
However, eschewing apathy,
deciding to feel the pain of environmental
problems also means letting yourself feel
connected to the environment and other
humans working for it. As environmental
activists, we’re not just asking people to
feel the pain associated with the suffering
of the earth, we’re offering people the
opportunity of feeling connected to the
earth, to other people, and responding to
the warning signals all about us.
Discontent is a necessary precursor to
action, and action is the antidote to
despair.
At Sewanee University, we have
developed several programs that provide
opportunities and inspiration for action,
and have helped us to combat apathy:
An Environmental Resident in
each dorm works to raise environmental
awareness and promote recycling.
Environmental Resident projects include
to develop the math formulas for
determining the winner of the Eco-Cup
inter-dorm competition. (Although, it was
her dorm that won the ping-pong table, so
maybe we should have had someone
check that math...) Another student’s
strong point is writing, so she started the
Sewanee Lorax, a newsletter
on environmental concerns
at Sewanee. It costs money,
hundreds of dollars, but we
did not let that get in our
way or even be seen as an
obstacle. We knew we’d get
the money somehow, and
we did.
A s w e g iv e
students (and faculty, staff,
and administration; even
members of the Board of
Regents) a variety of ways to actively
address the environmental crisis, we
encourage a more meaningful engagement
in the world. After all, some kind of
meaning is as necessary to us as oxygen.
Feeling the pain of a planet and then
acting to heal it is powerful meaning-
making.
Repression of pain deadens us.
Apathy isn’t fun, it’s not enlivening, it’s
not bright and hard and engaged. To
surrender to apathy is to surrender to
psychic numbing, and to a life less full.
Our goal? One hundred percent
of st ude nts, facul ty, staf f, an d
administration alive, active and engaged in
creating our sustainable future.
Haley Merrill, Mary Bruce Gray,
Dr. Lucia K. Dale, and Dr. Sid Brown are the
co-chairs and advisors of the Environmental
Residents at Sewanee: The University of the South,
Sewanee, Tennessee.
Attendees of Sewanee’s 2005 Green Pledge dinner.
pf3
pf4

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February 2006 Volume 1, Issue 5

The Sustainable Campus

The Newsletter of the Berea College

Sustainability and Environmental Studies Program

the Eco-Cup, a campus-wide high profile, month-long competition to decrease energy and water consumption, a green newsletter, fraternity/sorority recycling, and a Green Pledge dinner, where graduating seniors pledge to maintain environmentally friendly lifestyles.

Waste-Not is a less formal program that enables students to participate short-term in single projects. Waste-Not makes trips to local elementary schools, teaching environmental education and planting trees, and serves as a voice of the green student body to the administration of the University. The Eco-House is a small dorm whose residents actively work to live more sustainably. Eco-House residents act as an example to others by composting food, working in their garden, and doing outreach activities. SERP (Students for an Environmentally Responsible President) focuses its efforts on political change. Our goal is to provide every member of our diverse student body with an avenue for environmental activism that meets their particular interests. For example, the math major who volunteered

Necessary Discontent

By Mary Bruce Gray, Haley Merrill,

Dr. Sid Brown and Dr. Lucia Dale

Mention peak oil or global warming, and most students will simply shrug their shoulders. In our conversations with student leaders from across the South, it is apparent that their main concern is the apathy of their student bodies.

With its origin in the Greek apatheia – not suffering – apathy is the inability or refusal to experience pain. Faced with seemingly intractable problems such as global climate change, destruction of ecosystems, and depletion of fossil fuels, it’s natural to want to ignore them, to avoid feeling the pain, to surrender to apathy.

However, eschewing apathy, deciding to feel the pain of environmental problems also means letting yourself feel connected to the environment and other humans working for it. As environmental activists, we’re not just asking people to feel the pain associated with the suffering of the earth, we’re offering people the opportunity of feeling connected to the earth, to other people, and responding to the warning signals all about us. Discontent is a necessary precursor to action, and action is the antidote to despair.

At Sewanee University, we have developed several programs that provide opportunities and inspiration for action, and have helped us to combat apathy:

An Environmental Resident in each dorm works to raise environmental awareness and promote recycling. Environmental Resident projects include

to develop the math formulas for determining the winner of the Eco-Cup inter-dorm competition. (Although, it was her dorm that won the ping-pong table, so maybe we should have had someone check that math...) Another student’s strong point is writing, so she started the Sewanee Lorax , a newsletter on environmental concerns at Sewanee. It costs money, hundreds of dollars, but we did not let that get in our way or even be seen as an obstacle. We knew we’d get the money somehow, and we did. A s w e g i v e students (and faculty, staff, and administration; even members of the Board of Regents) a variety of ways to actively address the environmental crisis, we encourage a more meaningful engagement in the world. After all, some kind of meaning is as necessary to us as oxygen. Feeling the pain of a planet and then acting to heal it is powerful meaning- making. Repression of pain deadens us. Apathy isn’t fun, it’s not enlivening, it’s not bright and hard and engaged. To surrender to apathy is to surrender to psychic numbing, and to a life less full. Our goal? One hundred percent of students, faculty, staff, and administration alive, active and engaged in creating our sustainable future.

Haley Merrill, Mary Bruce Gray, Dr. Lucia K. Dale, and Dr. Sid Brown are the co-chairs and advisors of the Environmental Residents at Sewanee: The University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee.

Attendees of Sewanee’s 2005 Green Pledge dinner.

to apply a first cob plaster coat. Saturday March 25: Slipstraw Wall Slipstraw is straw coated with clay slip (much like tossing a salad) that is forced into forms that make up a wall. The forms are removed when full and after a period of drying the wall is ready for plaster. Participants will learn how to build framing to support the slipstraw, how to mix the slipstraw and pack it into forms.

Workshops for the public have been scheduled for the months of March and April. These events will center on the new solar shed/natural building lab under construction in the Ecovillage. Saturday March 18: Earthbag Wall Earthbag is the tried and true sandbag method of building bunkers and levies converted to use in a building. In this workshop participants will learn how to stack bags so that they are stable and also learn how

P a g e 2 T h e S u s t a i n a b l e C a m p u s F e b r u a r y 2 0 0 6

Saturday April 15: Cordwood Wall with Clarke Snell Cordwood is a method of building where equal lengths of wood (new, recycled or cast off) are mortared together with the end grain showing. The final result looks much like a stone wall. Berea College will be hosting the author and green building expert Clarke Snell who will conduct this workshop. Saturday May 6: Cob Wall Cob is a very old method of building where clay and sand are mixed with straw to form walls. Very durable, these buildings can last for hundreds or in some cases a thousand years. Participants in the event will learn the cob basics of mixing and building. All workshops will require a registration fee which will cover the cost of food and miscellane- ous materials. The fee will be $5.00 for students and $10.00 for all others. Email SENS House Director Phillip Hawn at phillip_hawn@berea.edu for more information.

The Sustainable Campus Volume 1, Issue 5 February 2006 Editor Wes Lowe CPO 1015, (859) 985- SENS Program Dr. Richard Olson, Director CPO 1921, (859) 985- Dr. James Dontje CPO 2016, (859) 985- Dr. Paul Smithson CPO 2064, (859) 985- SENS House 121 Jefferson St Berea, KY 40404 (859) 985- SENS House Directors Phil Hawn (Non-Residential) CPO 698, (859) 985- Alix Heintzman (Non-Residential) CPO 717, (859) 985- Allison Butts (Non-Residential) CPO 118, (859) 985- Anita Goodrich CPO 509, (859) 985- Dan Pray CPO 1174, (859) 985- Jessica Hasting CPO 660, (859) 985- Wes Lowe The Sustainable Campus Online www.berea.edu/sens/ sustainablecampus/default.asp

Natural Building

Workshops Scheduled

Students in Brad Christensen's TEC 107 (Residential Construction) class work on the frame for the solar shed. All lumber was milled from trees cut from the College forest.

ties, open space, safe energy, and equitable educational and job opportunities. Environmental justice transcends the realm of economic justice and is based on the deeper principle of equal access to, and equitable sharing of, the Earth’s riches. Environmental justice begins with the belief that a healthy economy depends on a healthy environment. After defining environmental justice, students explored case studies of environmental injustice (i.e., the lack of environmental justice) in a diversity of communities across the U.S. and the rest of the world. From the mountains of Appalachia to the sweatshops of India, the residents of these communities have been systematically devalued as human beings and subjected to polluted environments and inhumane living/ working conditions. Yet, their stories are also stories of resistance and hope as they fight back against “the powers that be” and work towards environmental sustainability through the eradication of

Fall semester “Sustainability & Environmental Studies (SENS) 460: Environmental Justice” offered students an opportunity to explore intersections of environmental degradation and societal oppressions such as racism, classism, and sexism. Since SENS 460 is a newly-developed capstone course for the SENS minor, the five students participated in co-creating the curriculum with instructor Richard Olson, Director of the SENS Program. A primary goal of the course involved coming to a consensus on exactly what is meant by the phrase environmental justice. Initial discussions revolved around a tentative definition of environmental justice as: …the right of all people to their basic needs: clean water, healthy food, non-toxic communi-

God has made of one blood… : Environmental Justice and Berea College By Jason Fults

Continued on Page 4

During their campaign the children had generated media attention. At their initial protest they had been written up in the local newspaper, which led to coverage in the Lexington Herald Leader. This influenced other schools and groups including Berea College to join in the campaign to “Save Black Mountain.” The children finally got national attention when ABC News Nightline with Ted Coppell made a visit to Harlan featuring the protest in the “Power of Place” special aired July 6, 1999. In their final effort the kids traveled to Frankfort to meet with the legislature to present their research findings against mountain top removal. On Wednesday April 21, 1999 for the first time in state history a tentative agreement was reached between environmentalists and the coal companies. The government reimbursed the companies for the 22,000 acres that were saved and only the lower portions of the mountain were mined. Judith Hensley, who faced some opposition from school administration, coal executives, politicians and local people, maintained the personal and collective integrity of her students. The project included studying the mixed Mesophytic forest of the Appalachians and the unique plants and animals contained there. The children used English, arts, humanities and science, as well as studies of ecosystems, geology, and endangered species. One of Hensley’s goals was to allow students to form their own opinions. There were several students who participated by justifying the opposition and they were supported by Hensley and their fellow classmates. Hensley stated that she believed the most important part of the educational process is to teach children how to think. “You can never know everything but you can teach children how to think for themselves and express respectfully their thoughts and opinions. They have a right for you to teach them and to let them decide for themselves,” said Hensley. Environmental legislation is easily overturned, corporations crusade for their best interest and impoverished areas rarely find a strong voice. It is up to

institutions like Berea and UK to stop t h e s e s o c i a l , e c o n o m i c a n d environmentally degrading practices. Judith Hensley knows the first step; education. Judith Hensley is an example of the powerful voice that can be found in children and through education. Anita Goodrich is a sophomore SENS House Director.

Rights Consortium.

  • The college’s endowment of more than $800 million includes investments in Abercrombie and Fitch (sweatshop abuses on Saipan), Boyd Gaming Corporation (one of America’s largest casino operators), Exxon Mobil (pollution of New York State waters with benzene), United Defense Industries (weapons manufacturer), Wal-Mart (employee rights abuses and sweatshop exploitation), and many other corporations that are responsible for environmental injustices. If social and environmental screening of the college’s investments is not possible, then an aggressive shareholder advocacy program such as that of Swarthmore College that seeks to in- fluence the behavior of corporations would be an alternative to divestment. In an era of budget overruns due to soaring energy prices, it is difficult to consider environmental justice actions that would cost more or reduce the college’s income. However, to derive our affluence and well-being even in part through the exploitation and degradation of other people and communities erodes the moral foundations of the institution. Loretta Reynolds of Campus Ministry said "If our motto is more than just a motto: ‘God has made of one blood all people of the earth’ then it seems difficult to believe that we can invest in things that destroy or inflict harm on some of 'those people of the earth'. It is not only that we care about being socially correct, but social responsibility should be an intrinsic part of who we are because of our foundational commitments." Next fall, the SENS 460 class will interact closely with classes in the African-American and Womens’ Studies Programs in a collaborative effort that will culminate in a campus-wide symposium on environmental justice. Environmental Justice will continue to be a main theme within SENS and other academic programs. If nothing else, SENS 460 made it clear that a world in which societal oppression thrives will never achieve environmental sustainability.

Jason Fults is a 2005 Berea graduate.

T h e S u s t a i n a b l e C a m p u s F e b r u a r y 2 0 0 6 P a g e 4

Mountain Top Removal… Continued from Page 3

Environmental Justice… Continued from Page 2

social inequity. In this spirit of resistance to environmental injustice, the class turned its analysis inwards and examined Berea College’s historic commitment to environmental justice as proclaimed by its motto (“God has made of one blood all people’s of the Earth”) and long-standing commitments to undoing racism and classism. Through examining the College’s admissions policies, hiring practices, consumption, curriculum, and finances, the students found that, as with any large and complex institution, Berea has a mixed record in regards to environmental justice. For example:

  • Berea’s program to reduce energy use by 45% by 2015 will greatly reduce its contributions to the environmental destruction associated with the extraction and burning of fossil fuels. However, the college will continue to use large amounts of electricity generated by coal-fired power plants. Berea needs to develop a plan for a transition to electricity from renewable energy sources. While it develops and implements that plan, the college could follow the lead of the College of the Atlantic which off-sets its entire non- renewable electrical energy use through the purchase of Renewable Energy Certificates, also known as "green tags."
  • While the college bookstore will not purchase apparel from companies that do not implement a rigid code of conduct regarding workers’ rights, the absence of a college-wide policy means that many student groups and athletic teams wear t-shirts and uniforms made in sweatshops. More than 140 colleges and universities seek to avoid this through membership in the Workers