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Question 1 : Analysis of the Capgras Delusion Question Based on the radio interview transcript, the correct answer to "What is Capgras delusion?" is: ○ a brain disorder that prevents people from recognizing family and friends Key Evidence from the Text:
- The Capgras delusion is described as a condition where patients believe their close family members or friends have been replaced by imposters.
- Madame M. was convinced her husband was an imposter, and later extended this belief to other family members and friends.
- The neurological explanation involves a breakdown between the fusiform gyrus (which processes visual recognition) and the amygdala (which processes emotional responses).
- Patients can visually recognize faces but don't feel the expected emotional response, leading their brain to conclude the person must be an imposter. Why the Other Options Are Incorrect: "a rare syndrome that causes people to forget who they are" - This describes amnesia or identity disorders, not Capgras. Capgras patients know who they are but misidentify others. "a condition that leaves victims unable to find their way around familiar places" - This describes topographical disorientation or some forms of dementia, not Capgras delusion. The key aspect of Capgras is the specific misidentification of familiar people as imposters due to disrupted emotional processing of familiar faces. Screenshot 2025-04-24 091310.png PNG 236.69KB Answers to Questions 2 and 3 Question 2: Why are Dr. Ramachandran’s findings significant?
Correct answer: ☑ They provide a valid explanation of the Capgras delusion. Explanation: The interview explains that Dr. Ramachandran discovered the neurological basis for Capgras delusion (broken connection between fusiform gyrus and amygdala). His findings replaced earlier theories that it was purely a psychotic disorder. The text doesn't mention medications or cures (Madame M. lived in 1923, long before Ramachandran's research). Question 3: Which neurological disorder is most similar to Capgras delusion? Correct answer: ☑ Prosopagnosia, a disorder whose victims lose the ability to recognize faces Explanation: Prosopagnosia (face blindness) is most similar because both involve facial recognition problems: o Capgras: Can recognize faces but don't feel familiar emotions o Prosopagnosia: Cannot recognize faces at all Obsessive-compulsive disorder : Unrelated to facial recognition. Korsakoff’s syndrome : A memory disorder affecting recall, not recognition. Both Capgras and prosopagnosia involve the fusiform gyrus (face-processing area) and represent disorders of person recognition, making them neurologically similar despite different manifestations. Screenshot 2025-04-24 091409.png PNG 349.76KB Answers to Questions 4- Question 4: Check the statements that Agatha Johnson would agree with.
Kandel’s work emphasizes that memory forms the basis of selfhood and shared human culture. Incorrect options: the mind’s unconscious, procedural memory does not work o Procedural memory (e.g., riding a bike) is a subset of memory, not the core reason it’s essential. our experiences would be more coherent o The opposite is true; without memory, experiences would be fragmented, not coherent. Key Idea: Kandel argues that memory is foundational to identity and meaning, not just functionality. Screenshot 2025-04-24 091523.png PNG 570.22KB Answers to Questions 7 and 8 Question 7: Supporting details for "Memory is an important part of the human experience." Correct answers (support the main idea): ☑ Memory allows us to gather facts and thereby enables problem solving. Memory is essential for learning and reasoning. ☑ The loss of memory is devastating because it impairs your ability to relate to other people. Social connections rely on shared memories and recognition. ☑ Memory allows for the transmission of culture across time. Cultural traditions, language, and knowledge depend on memory. Incorrect options (irrelevant or contradictory):
People who lose their memory may still be able to perform certain tasks. o This refers to procedural memory (e.g., motor skills) but doesn’t support the importance of memory to human experience. There is a lot that scientists do not understand about memory. o A factual statement, but not a supporting detail for why memory matters. The principal parts of the brain are the pre-frontal lobe, the hippocampus, the right hippocampus, and the amygdala. o Anatomy trivia; doesn’t address memory’s role in human experience. Question 8: Finding connections between readings Correct answer (closest to Kandel’s idea of memory as continuity): ☑ Oliver Sacks: It is not the remembrance of things past, the 'once' that Clive years for, but can never achieve. It is the filling of the present, the now, and this is only possible when he is totally immersed in the successive moments of an act. It is the 'now' that bridges the abyss (LAR 129). Why? Kandel emphasizes memory’s role in creating continuity between past and present. Sacks’ quote about Clive Wearing (a severe amnesiac) mirrors this: even without explicit memory, immersion in the present ("now") creates a fragile bridge—highlighting how critical memory is for coherence. Incorrect options: Oliver Sacks: The other miracle was the discovery Deborah made early on that his musical powers were totally intact (LAR 128). o Focuses on procedural memory (music) but doesn’t address continuity.
o "Rope from heaven" = Music provides a lifeline o "Holds only as long as the performance lasts" = The connection is temporary o "Thrown back into the abyss" = Returns to confusion when music stops The other options misinterpret the metaphors: o Not a literal heavenly connection o Not about increased creativity (focus is on memory/connection, not creativity) Key idea: For Clive, music creates brief moments of coherence by accessing procedural memory and providing temporal continuity that his damaged hippocampus cannot. Screenshot 2025-04-24 091706.png PNG 117.72KB Answers to Questions 11 and 12 Question 11: According to Eric Kandel, our memories make our present ______. Correct answer: ☑ coherent Explanation: Kandel emphasizes that memories provide continuity between past and present, creating a coherent sense of self and reality. Traumatic and humiliating are incorrect because while some memories may be negative, Kandel’s central argument is about memory’s role in meaning and coherence, not its emotional content. Question 12: Memory loss ______ people’s identity.
Correct answer: ☑ severs Explanation: Kandel argues that memory is foundational to identity. Severe memory loss (e.g., amnesia) severs this connection, leaving individuals without a sense of self. Unimpairs is the opposite of the correct meaning. Retains is incorrect because memory loss disrupts identity rather than preserving it. Key Idea: Both questions reinforce Kandel’s view that memory is essential for a cohesive identity and understanding of the present. Screenshot 2025-04-24 091750.png PNG 139.51KB Answers to Questions 13 and 14 Question 13: Vocabulary Correct answer: ○ caliber Explanation: "The caliber of work being done on this project is outstanding!" is the correct sentence. o Caliber means quality or standard, fitting the context of praising work. Ultimate (meaning "final" or "best") doesn’t make sense grammatically. Bewilderment (meaning confusion) is unrelated to the sentence’s positive tone. Question 14: Vocabulary
Explanation: "He was afflicted with the disease at a young age." is grammatically correct. o Afflicted is the past participle form needed for passive voice ("was afflicted"). Affliction (noun) and afflict (base verb) do not fit the sentence structure. Key Idea: Both questions test proper word usage in context, focusing on:
- Bewildered for emotional response to confusion.
- Afflicted as the correct verb form for suffering from illness. Screenshot 2025-04-24 091912.png PNG 137.15KB Answers to Questions 17 and 18 Question 17: Vocabulary Correct answer: ☑ persistence Explanation: "Your persistence will pay off! Never give up!" is correct. o Persistence (noun) fits as the subject of the sentence, referring to the quality of continuing steadfastly. Persistent (adjective) would require a noun (e.g., "Your persistent efforts ..."). Persist (verb) cannot function as the subject in this context. Question 18: Vocabulary Correct answer: ☑ confront Explanation:
"If you do not confront your problems, they will resurface in other situations." is correct. o Confront means to face or address directly, which matches the cause- and-effect logic of the sentence. Sever (to cut off) and bind (to tie together) are unrelated to resolving problems. Key Idea: Question 17 tests noun vs. verb/adjective forms in a motivational context. Question 18 assesses action verbs for problem-solving, with confront being the only logical choice. Screenshot 2025-04-24 091954.png PNG 315.94KB Answers to Questions 19 and 20 Question 19: Situational Irony in The Luncheon Correct answer: ☑ The woman claimed she ate very little, or only one thing for lunch, but she actually consumed a complete five-course meal. Explanation: Situational irony occurs when there’s a stark contrast between expectations and reality. The woman insists she "never eats more than one thing for luncheon" but proceeds to order:
- Salmon (expensive)
- Caviar
- Champagne
- Asparagus
The narrator is financially anxious throughout the meal because: o The woman orders expensive dishes (salmon, caviar, champagne, out- of-season peaches). o He repeatedly calculates the rising cost in his head, knowing he can’t afford it. The other options are irrelevant: o He doesn’t care about her opinion of his book (he’s already published it). o Conversation and peaches are minor details, not his primary worry. Question 22: How Chopin Indirectly Reveals Mr. Mallard’s Death Correct answer: ☑ Mrs. Mallard and the reader are informed of Mr. Mallard's death in broken sentences and make assumptions. Explanation: Chopin uses vague, fragmented language to convey the news: o "veiled hints" and "broken sentences" (e.g., "railroad disaster" and "Brently Mallard’s name leading the list of 'killed'"). o Neither Mrs. Mallard nor the reader gets direct confirmation until the ending twist. The other options misrepresent the text: o Mrs. Mallard and the reader share the same limited information. o The information isn’t wrong —Mr. Mallard was presumed dead, but his survival is ironic. Key Technique: Chopin’s ambiguity heightens the story’s emotional impact and irony. Screenshot 2025-04-24 092148.png
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Answers to Questions 23 and 24 Question 23: Louise Mallard's Reaction to Her Husband's Death Correct answer: ○ She realizes that she is free to live life on her own terms. Explanation: Louise initially weeps (briefly), but her primary reaction is a growing sense of liberation. Key evidence: "Free! Body and soul free!" and her visions of a future where she lives for herself. The other options are incomplete or incorrect: o "Happy to be rid of her husband" oversimplifies her complex emotions. o She does weep, but only briefly before her realization of freedom. o She does die suddenly, but only after fully understanding and embracing her new freedom. Question 24: Irony in The Story of an Hour Correct answers: ☑ Within an hour, Mrs. Mallard describes her husband's death as "monstrous joy." The oxymoron "monstrous joy" captures the ironic contrast between societal expectations (grief) and her true feelings (elation). ☑ Mrs. Mallard is informed of the news gently, in broken sentences, due to her heart condition, and then dies of heart disease. The ultimate irony: precautions taken to protect her heart lead to the shock that kills her. Incorrect options:
Question 26: Mrs. Sommers’ Usual Attitude Toward Money Correct answer: ☑ She is usually frugal and carefully plans out what she needs to buy. Explanation: The story emphasizes her habitual thriftiness : o She plans purchases "with great care" and is known for bargaining. o The $15 windfall is unusual, making her spontaneous spending spree notable. Incorrect options : o She has thought about money before—it’s a constant concern. o Her children’s worn clothes result from poverty, not selfishness. Key Idea : Both questions highlight repressed desires—Louise’s for freedom, Mrs. Sommers’ for self-indulgence—within oppressive societal roles. Screenshot 2025-04-24 092535.png PNG 317.19KB Answers to Questions 27 and 28 Question 27: Symbolism of the Silk Stockings Correct answer: ☑ personal freedom Explanation: The silk stockings symbolize Mrs. Sommers’ fleeting autonomy and self- indulgence : o They mark her first act of prioritizing her own desires over her family’s needs.
o Their luxury contrasts with her usual frugality, representing a temporary escape from societal expectations. While they are a luxurious indulgence , this is secondary to their broader meaning as a catalyst for her moment of self-determination. Incorrect options : Free will is too abstract; the story focuses on her experience of freedom, not philosophical agency. Question 28: Chopin’s Critique of Consumerism Correct answer: ☑ Shopping is presented as a temporary distraction to important issues or problems. Mrs. Sommers faces her return home with dread. Explanation: Chopin critiques consumerism by showing its hollow, transient nature : o Mrs. Sommers’ joy is brief, and her dread of returning to reality underscores how consumerism fails to address deeper struggles (poverty, gendered oppression). o The spree is an escape , not a solution. The other options, while true, don’t directly address critique : o The "satisfaction" option ignores the impending return to hardship. o The "judging others" point focuses on social hypocrisy, not consumerism. Key Idea : The stockings and spree symbolize how consumer culture offers illusory liberation to women trapped by socioeconomic constraints. Screenshot 2025-04-24 093256.png PNG 387.11KB Verbal Response Preparation for Question 29
- A Pair of Silk Stockings (Chopin) - Subtle critique of consumerism and gender roles
- The Luncheon (Maugham) - Accessible humor with situational irony Would you like me to help craft a full sample response for one of these stories? Screenshot 2025-04-24 093256.png PNG 387.11KB Answer the question about the Alzaimer. It seems you're asking for help with Question 29 about discussing a reading, but mentioned Alzheimer's which wasn't covered in the previous materials. Based on the test content shown, here's how to approach the verbal response: If you need to discuss Alzheimer's (though it wasn't mentioned in the provided materials), here's a sample approach: "I'd like to discuss the neurological aspects of Alzheimer's disease that we studied. Alzheimer's is a progressive brain disorder that destroys memory and cognitive function, often linked to amyloid plaques and tau tangles in the brain. What stands out to me is how early symptoms like forgetting recent events show the fragility of human memory systems. I selected this because my grandmother lived with Alzheimer's, and learning the science helped me understand her experience better." However, based on the actual test materials provided earlier, here's a stronger response using The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin: "One story that impacted me was The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin. It follows Louise Mallard, who briefly experiences freedom after hearing of her husband's death, only to die from shock when he returns alive. The most significant moment is when she whispers 'free, free, free!' - this shows how Victorian marriages could feel like prisons. I chose this because it makes me reflect on how societal
expectations can limit personal identity, something I've observed in modern life too."
