Download Test 1-BIO 210 exam questions with correct and verified answers 2025 - University of Chica and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
correct and verified answers 2025 -
University of Chicago
Anatomy - correct answers the study of structure (where's it located?....what does it look like?) Physiology - correct answers the study of function at many level (how's it built?....how's it work?) Subdivisions of Anatomy - correct answers Gross Macroscopic Microscopic Developmental Principle of Complementarity - correct answers Anatomy and Physiology are inseparable function always reflects structure what a structure can do depends on its specific form Level of Structural Organization (in order-smallest to largest) - correct answers Chemical (atoms and molecules) Cellular (cells and their organelles) Tissue (groups of similar cells) Organ (contains two or more types of tissues)
correct and verified answers 2025 -
University of Chicago
Organ System (organs that work closely together) Organismal (all organ systems--the entity itself) 11 Major Organ Systems - correct answers Integumentary System Skeletal System Muscular System Nervous System Endocrine System Lymphatic/Immune System Digestive System Reproductive System Urinary System Cardiovascular System Respiratory System Necessary Life Functions (8 total) - correct answers Maintaining Boundaries Movement Responsiveness Digestion
correct and verified answers 2025 -
University of Chicago
Control Center (determines set point at which variable is maintained) Effector (response act to reduce or enhance the stimulus/feedback) Chemical reactions - correct answers chemical bonds are formed rearranged or broken States of Matter - correct answers SOLID (definite shape and volume) LIQUID (definite volume, changeable shape) GAS (changeable volume and shape) Kinetic Energy - correct answers anything in motion or in the process of being used Potential Energy - correct answers stored or inactive energy (turns into kinetic once put into motion) Principle forms of energy (can transition through all) - correct answers - Chemical energy
- Electrical energy
- Mechanical energy
- Radiant/electromagnetic energy
correct and verified answers 2025 -
University of Chicago
Atoms - correct answers smallest form of matter (unique building blocks for each element) Major Elements of the Human Body and all living creatures - correct answers Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Atomic Number - correct answers number of protons in nucleus (defining property of an element) Mass Number - correct answers mass of the protons and neutrons (ALWAYS a whole number, round to the nearest) Atomic weight - correct answers average of mass numbers of ALL iostopes formula to find number of neutrons - correct answers Atomic mass - MINUS- Atomic number (protons) molecule - correct answers two or more atoms bonded together
correct and verified answers 2025 -
University of Chicago
Cation - correct answers positively charged ion (has lost one or more electron, resulting in more protons than electrons) Covalent Bonds - correct answers - share electrons with other atoms
- always have to stay together to stay stable
- sharing may be equal or unequal
- equal sharing creates a =non-polar molecule
- electrically neutral and unequal produces =polar molecules with opposite charges endergonic - correct answers reaction that stores energy, products have more energy than the reactants exergonic - correct answers chemical reaction that releases some form of energy, such as light or heat. endothermic - correct answers describes a reaction that absorbs energy from the surroundings exothermic - correct answers of a chemical reaction or compound) occurring or formed with evolution of heat
correct and verified answers 2025 -
University of Chicago
what factors can increase the rate of a chemical reaction - correct answers increased temperature decreased particle size increased concentration of reactant catalysts=increase rate without being chemically changed...an enzyme that makes a reaction faster synthesis (combination) reactions - correct answers = (anabolic) building reation A+B->AB decomposition reactions - correct answers =break apart exchange ( catabolic) AB->A+B Exchange reactions - correct answers involve both synthesis and decomposition reactions Bonds are both made and broken chemical reaction - correct answers a process in which one or more substances are changed into others Inorganic compound - correct answers compound that does NOT contain carbon
correct and verified answers 2025 -
University of Chicago
salt - correct answers any compound thas not a acid or base in water, dissolve and form electrolytes electrolyte - correct answers - , a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current (Ionic compounds that dissociates in water ...CARBOHYDRATES ARE STORED - correct answers - , in the liver and muscle cells as glycogen ... - correct answers - acids - correct answers compounds that form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water ph 1- 6 bases - correct answers Compoundes that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution ( pH between 8-14) carbohydrate - correct answers any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things.made of sugarand starches molecules types of carbohydrates - correct answers monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides
correct and verified answers 2025 -
University of Chicago
pH scale - correct answers 0 - 14 with 7 being neutral (water) higher the [H+] = - correct answers the lower the pH lower the [H+] = - correct answers the higher the pH mixture of compounds that resist pH changes - correct answers buffers convert strong (completely dissociated) acids/bases into weak (slightly dissociated) ones - correct answers Carbonic acid-bicarbonate system properties of Carbon (4) - correct answers - nonmetal
- can form 4 covalent bonds (only element able to bond with 4 atoms at one time)
- can form covalent bonds with itself
- can form a variety of structures 3 structures of Carbon - correct answers 1) straight chains (lipids)
- branched chains (sugars)
- rings (some sugars)
correct and verified answers 2025 -
University of Chicago
cell membrane made of.... - correct answers phospholipids ("head" and "tail" regions have different properties-one wants water the other hates water) interlocking four-ring structure; cholesterol - correct answers steroids 7 Protein functions - correct answers 1) structural proteins (collagen, elastin)
- contractile proteins (actin/myosin)
- storage of nutrients (ferritin)
- transport proteins (Na-K pump)
- cell mediated responses (rhodopsin)
- hormones (insulin/glucagon)
- enzymes (protein catalysts) peptide bonds - correct answers Bonds between amino acids Primary structure/ sequence is determined by what type of bonds Secondary structure, Tertiary structure, and Quaternary structure all have what type of bonds - correct answers hydrogen bonds 2 types of proteins - correct answers 1) Fibrous (structural) proteins
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University of Chicago
- Globular (functional) proteins 4 structural levels of Proteins - correct answers 1) Primary Structure
- Secondary Structure
- Tertiary Structure
- Quaternary Strucuture protein that is strandlike, water insoluble, and stable-can exist outside of cell (e.g. keratin, elastin, collagen) - correct answers fibrous proteins protein that is compact, spherical, water-soluble, sensitive to environmental changes, has a job to do (e.g. antibodies, hormones, molecular chaperones, and enzymes) - correct answers globular proteins an enzyme - correct answers anything ending with "ase" is...., A protein compound that acts as a biological catalyst in chemical reactions is, is a protein, which is a polymer of amino acids. They generally have the suffix - ase- like lactase. shape determines function.... - correct answers of a protein (take/change shape and function/purpose changes)
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University of Chicago
ATP - correct answers (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work components of nucleotide - correct answers Nitrogenous base + Sugar + Phosphates DNA = A, T, G, C RNA = A, U, G, C nucleus - correct answers a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction cytoplasm in cell - correct answers • Region of the cell within the membrane that includes the fluid, the cytoskeleton and all of the organelles except for nucleus store chemicals glycogen plasma membrane - correct answers thin outer boundary of a cell that regulates the traffic of chemicals between the cell and its surroundings components of plasma membrane - correct answers - phosphate heads (select permeability through phospholipid bi-layer)
- cholesterol (stability)
- proteins (lets water pass)
correct and verified answers 2025 -
University of Chicago
cells are made of what 4 elements - correct answers Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen select permeability - correct answers lets some things in and some things out 2 types of membrane transport - correct answers 1) Passive transport
- Active transport Na-K ATPase solute pump - correct answers PRIMARY ACTIVE TRANSPORT 1, binding Na activates ATPase 2,pump phosphyorylated API TO ADP 3.SOLUTE PUMP CANGES AND RELEASE Na+
- potassium bind 5, ATPASE release - PO 6 RESTORES ORIGINAL COMORMATION
correct and verified answers 2025 -
University of Chicago
fluid-mosaic model - correct answers model that describes the arrangement and movement of the molecules that make up a cell membrane cell juntions and types cell junctions - correct answers Communication between cells; binding of cells in tissues, 1. Anchoring junctions: Hold cells and tissues together
- Occluding junctions: Keep things from passing through tissue that you don't want to.
- Channel-forming junctions (communicating or gap junctions): Allows traveling between cells, involved in cell-signaling.
- Signal-relaying junctions: synapses. Main type in nervous tissues. diffusion - correct answers The process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration factors influnce rate of diffussion - correct answers temp size consentration distance and suface area osmosis - correct answers the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
correct and verified answers 2025 -
University of Chicago
factors that influence osmosis - correct answers - temperature
- molecule size
- concentration gradient
- area of exposure active trasport - correct answers the movement of substance across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy when is active transport used - correct answers primary = solute pumps , secondary = go against concentration gradient, low to high conc. symporter - correct answers moves two substances in the same direction transports Na+ gluclose & amino acids antiporter - correct answers A carrier protein that transports two molecules acrss the plasma membrane in opposite directions. waste products ca and hydrogen exocytosis - correct answers active transport process by which materials are secreted or expelled from a cell sytosize products
