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Download Biology 101: Understanding the Basics of Life and more Quizzes Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
Why are we interested in biology?
it applies to every day life.examples: why the leaves change
colors in the fall, business's need to think about ecology, can
not disturb a wetland, where waste will be dumped and
cannot displace a species. vaccines and how they work, basic
medial research and reasons
TERM 2
taxonomy
DEFINITION 2
the classification of all living things
TERM 3
classification broken
down....
DEFINITION 3
KPCOFGSkingdomphylumclassorderfamilygenusspecies
TERM 4
how do we characterize life?
DEFINITION 4
made up of cells->tissues->organs->systemsliving things
require materials and evergyenergy=the ability to work
TERM 5
photosynthesis
DEFINITION 5
converting solar energy into food, this is the way most
organisms get their energy
what do organisms have the ability to
do?
respond to a stimulus, reproduce and develop
TERM 7
natural selection
DEFINITION 7
Natural selection is the nonrandom process by which biologic
traits become more or less common in a population as a
function of differential reproduction of their bearers.
TERM 8
scientific method
DEFINITION 8
Scientific method refers to a body of techniques for
investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or
correcting and integrating previous knowledge.
observation=most
importanthypothesesexperimentreevaluate=if results don't
worktheory=statement that explains the set of ideas and
phenomenon
TERM 9
the importance of water
DEFINITION 9
it is essential to life is unique and can a solid, liquid or a gas.
frozen H2O is less dense then liquid, enables ponds to freeze
from top to bottom.
TERM 10
base
DEFINITION 10
a substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a
solution
hydrophilic
organic molecule that has a functional group that ionizes and
is attracted to water
TERM 17
monomer
DEFINITION 17
a unit of an organic molecule
TERM 18
polymer
DEFINITION 18
a large organic molecule
TERM 19
condensation
DEFINITION 19
2 monomers join. a hydroxyl group is removed from one and
a hydrogen from the other so water is released.
TERM 20
hydrolysis
DEFINITION 20
the opposite of condensationHydrolysis is a chemical
reaction during which molecules of water (H2O) are split into
hydrogen cations (H+, conventionally referred to as protons)
and hydroxide anions (OH) in the process of a chemical
mechanism.
carbohydrates
produced via polymerization. building of large molecules
from small molecules by hooking small units together. made
up of monomers called simple sugars
TERM 22
disaccharides
DEFINITION 22
2 sugars linked together by a covalent bond. when 2 atoms
share a pair of electronsexample: table sugar
TERM 23
glycogen
DEFINITION 23
used in our cells to store glucose. can be used as a source of
energy because its easy to break down.
TERM 24
cellulose is similar to...
DEFINITION 24
starch
TERM 25
proteins
DEFINITION 25
formed by polymerization, breaks down into simple sugars
unsaturated
double bonds in the chain whenever # of hydrogens is less
then 2 per carbon
TERM 32
fats are mostly...
DEFINITION 32
saturated fatty acids
TERM 33
oils are mostly...
DEFINITION 33
unsaturated fatty acids
TERM 34
waxes
DEFINITION 34
long chain of fatty acids bonded with a long chain of alcohol
TERM 35
phospholipids
DEFINITION 35
Phospholipids are a class of lipids and are a major component
of all cell membranes as they can form lipid bilayers.
steroids
backbone of 4 fused carbon rings
TERM 37
nucleic acids
DEFINITION 37
Nucleic acids are biological molecules essential for life, and
include DNA and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
TERM 38
DNA
DEFINITION 38
genitic blue print
TERM 39
RNA
DEFINITION 39
protein synthesis
TERM 40
ATP
DEFINITION 40
adenosine triphosphate. the last phosphate is hydrolyzed
endoplasmic reticulum
membrane where some ribosomes are attached to
TERM 47
rough ER
DEFINITION 47
where ribosomes cover the ER
TERM 48
smooth ER
DEFINITION 48
there are no ribosomes
TERM 49
secretory vesicles
release...
DEFINITION 49
proteins
TERM 50
vacuoles
DEFINITION 50
A vacuole is a membrane-bound organelle which is present in
all plant and fungal cells and some protist, animal and
bacterial cells.
lysosomes
break down proteins and carbs and other macromolecules
into smaller units
TERM 52
between celia and flagella which one is
longer?
DEFINITION 52
flagella
TERM 53
2 types of mictotubles
DEFINITION 53
alpha tublinbeta tublin
TERM 54
mitochondria
DEFINITION 54
In cell biology, a mitochondrion is a membrane-enclosed
organelle found in most eukaryotic cells.
TERM 55
chloroplasts
DEFINITION 55
Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells and other
eukaryotic organisms that conduct photosynthesis.
animal cell
no cell walls, if you place an animal cell in water the osmotic
pressure is too great and the cell will break open
