Download Test 2 | HIST 102 - World Civilization: 1500-1815 and more Quizzes World History in PDF only on Docsity!
Jerusalem
1517 Ottomans effect peaceful takeover of Jerusalem 1537- 1541 Unwalled since 1219, Sultan Suleiman ("The Magnificent"), rebuilds the city walls including the present day 7 gates and the "Tower of David." The Damascus gate in
- 1700 TERM 2
Latin Kingdom
DEFINITION 2 The Kingdom of Jerusalem was a Christian kingdom established in the Levant in 1099 after the First Crusade. It lasted nearly two hundred years, from 1099 until 1291 when the last remaining possession, Acre, was destroyed by the Mamluks. TERM 3
factories (per-industrial)
DEFINITION 3 origin comes from the term factor. areas for trade with a dork or wharf there are a number of warehouse in the area In the black sea by Italian cites. 1550- TERM 4
Mamluk Empire
DEFINITION 4 The Mamluk Sultanate was a regime composed of mamluks who ruled Egypt and Syria from the mid-1200s to the early 1500s. TERM 5
Spice Trade
DEFINITION 5 The spice trade is a commercial activity of ancient origin which involves the merchandising of spices, incense, herbs, drugs and opium.
Champagne fairs
The Champagne fairs were an annual cycle of trading fairs held in towns in the Champagne and Brie regions of France in the Middle Ages. TERM 7
Dukes of Burgundy
DEFINITION 7 Protected the Champagne fairs TERM 8
Portugal
DEFINITION 8 Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic (), is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. TERM 9
Caravel
DEFINITION 9 A caravel is a small, highly maneuverable, two- or three- masted lateen-rigged ship, created by the Portuguese and used by them as well as by the Spanish for long voyages of exploration from the 15th century. TERM 10
Henry the Navigator
DEFINITION 10 Henry the Navigator ( 1394 - 1460 ) was an infante (prince) of the Kingdom of Portugal and an important figure in the early days of the Portuguese Empire, being responsible for the beginning of the European worldwide explorations.
Bartolomeu Diaz
Bartolomeu Dias portages explorer in1488 he leads an expedition that gets around Cape Good hope of Africa TERM 17
Vasco de Gama
DEFINITION 17 Vasco da Gama, in 1498 takes 2 years to get to India and back 4 ships. portages explorer TERM 18
treaty of Tordesillas
DEFINITION 18 The Treaty of Tordesillas signed at Tordesillas (now in Valladolid province, Spain), 7 June 1494, divided the "newly discovered" lands outside Europe between Spain and Portugal along a meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde islands (off the west coast of Africa). TERM 19
Cabral Expedition
DEFINITION 19 Cabral's 13 ships left on March 9, 1500, following the route of Vasco da Gama. On April 22, 1500, he sighted land (Brazil), claiming it for Portugal and naming it the "Island of the True Cross." King Manuel renamed this land Holy Cross; it was later renamed once again, to Brazil, after a kind of dyewood found there, called pau-brasil. Cabral stayed in Brazil for 10 days and then continued on his way to India, TERM 20
Swahili Coast
DEFINITION 20 The Swahili Coast refers to the coast or coastal area of East Africa inhabited by the Swahili people, at the time in 1498 ruled by Muslims Trading cities to exploit the middle of Africa
Calicut
on the Malibar Coast of India.here in 1498 City of Spices" for its role as the major trading point of eastern spices TERM 22
Affonzo de Albuquerque
DEFINITION 22 Portuguese soldier, conqueror of Goa (1510) and of Melaka (1511). He gained military experience as a soldier in North Africa for 10 years but made his reputation fighting in Asia. He paved the way for Portuguese domination in Southeast Asia through efforts to gain control of all the main maritime trade routes of the East and to build permanent fortresses with settled populations TERM 23
Goa
DEFINITION 23 is India's smallest state by area conquered by affonzo de albuquerque in 1510 TERM 24
Hormuz
DEFINITION 24 Hormuz is distorted from the Persian Ohrmuzd, meaning Ahura Mazda. TERM 25
Aden
DEFINITION 25 Aden is a city in Yemen, 170 kilometres east of Bab-el- Mandeb.
Antwerp
is the northernmost province both of the Flemish Region, also called Flanders, and of Belgium. TERM 32
Hispaniola
DEFINITION 32 Hispaniola (from Spanish, La Espaola) is a major island in the Caribbean, comprising Haiti and the Dominican Republic. TERM 33
sugar
DEFINITION 33 2 products for export back to main land Molasses and the other is Rum1600's TERM 34
syphilis
DEFINITION 34 Brought back from the Americas in 1495 by Christoper Columbus's men. Sexually transmitted disease no treatment at the time would lead to madness. TERM 35
Hernando Cortez
DEFINITION 35 Hernn Corts (; 1485 2, 1547) was a Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec empire and brought large portions of mainland Mexico under the King of Castile, in the early 16th century.
Aztec Empire
During the same period as the Inca Empire, the Aztec Empire dominated Mesoamerica from Mexico and Guatemala to the territories of Salvador and Honduras for nearly 100 years(1427-1521) blood thursty TERM 37
Tenochtitlan
DEFINITION 37 Tenochtitlan () (sometimes paired with Mexico as Mexico Tenochtitlan or Tenochtitlan Mexico) was a Nahua altepetl (city-state) located on an island in Lake Texcoco, in the Valley of Mexico. TERM 38
Quetzalcoatl
DEFINITION 38 Quetzalcoatl is a Mesoamerican deity whose name comes from the Nahuatl language and has the meaning of "feathered-serpent". TERM 39
"Flower wars"
DEFINITION 39 A flower war or flowery war () is the name given to the battles fought between the Aztec Triple Alliance and some of their enemies: TERM 40
Montezuma
DEFINITION 40 reigning from 1502 to 1520. It was during Moctezuma's reign that the episode known as the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire began.
Virgin of Guadalupe
On December 12th, 1531, the Virgin of Guadalupe is said to have appeared to Juan Diego on Tepeyac Hill, bridging two worlds, that of the Aztec who saw her and that of the Spanish conquerors who now ruled his land. She has since become the patron and symbol of Mexico, a country born of this fusion of cultures. TERM 47
Juan Diego
DEFINITION 47 Saint Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin or Juan Diego (1474-May 30, 1548) was, according to Mexican Catholic tradition, an indigenous Mexican who reported a Marian apparition, Our Lady of Guadalupe, in 1531. The apparition has had a significant impact on the spread of the Catholic faith within Mexico. TERM 48
Creole
DEFINITION 48 The Creoles were people of pure Spanish descent who had been born in the Americas. Creoles did not occupy the top administrative posts, but they dominated the Catholic church and political bureaucracies, owned land and mines 21% of population late 1700's Early 1800's TERM 49
peninsular spanish
DEFINITION 49 Peninsular Spanish, also known as European Spanish, refers to the 1% of the population 70,000 Europeans running thins by the 1700's TERM 50
seville
DEFINITION 50 Seville ( ; see also different names) is the artistic, cultural, and financial capital of southern Spain.
Council of the Indies
The Council of the Indies, officially, the Royal and Supreme Council of the Indies (In Spanish "el Real y Supremo Consejo de Indias"), was the most important administrative organ of the Spanish Empire, both in the Americas and in Asia, combining legislative, executive and judicial functions. TERM 52
Lima
DEFINITION 52 began with its foundation by Francisco Pizarro on January 18,
- The city was established on the valley of the Rmac River in an area populated by the Ychsma polity. Lima also became an important religious center, a Roman Catholic diocese was established in 1541 TERM 53
Zacatacas
DEFINITION 53 On September 8, 1546, with the discovery of its mines, the present city of Zacatecas was founded. It was originally baptized "Mines of the Zacatecas". Its rich mineral wealth gave the Spanish Crown a great amount of income (the silver mines in Zacatecas and Potosi, Bolivia, were the Spanish crown's largest sources of income during colonialism), TERM 54
Potosi
DEFINITION 54 The discovery of ore in silver-rich Cerro Rico (rich hill) by Indian Diego Huallpa in 1544 prompted the foundation of the city of Potos on April 10th, 1545 at the foot of the hill TERM 55
Mexico City
DEFINITION 55 The city now known as Mexico City was founded by the Aztecs, in 1325. The old city is now referred to as Tenochtitlan. August 1521 Cortez has Tenochtitlan rebuilt as Mexico city
Captain Henry Morgan
(1635-1688) A pirate who takes part in the failed attempt to conquer Hispaniola and the subsequent invasion of Jamaica latter 1681 Invested heavily into sugar plantations. TERM 62
Sugar Islands
DEFINITION 62 they included St. Kitts, Barbados, Nevis, Martinique, and Guadeloupe. These sugar islands became extremely valuable after sugar was established. TERM 63
Lesser Antilles
DEFINITION 63 The Lesser Antilles, also known as the Caribbees, are part of the Antilles, which together with the Bahamas, the Turks and Caicos Islands, and Greater Antilles form the West Indies. TERM 64
Greater Antilles
DEFINITION 64 The Greater Antilles are one of four island groups in the Caribbean. TERM 65
Privateers
DEFINITION 65 A privateer was a private warship authorized by a country's government by letters of marque to attack foreign shipping.
Port Royal
southern coast of Jamaica. It was founded by the British, who after gaining control of the island from the Spanish in 1655 pirates and buccaneers ran wild hear drunken lawlessness hookers and more in 1692, when a massive earthquake and following tidal wave brought widespread destruction. Port royal is destroyed TERM 67
pirates
DEFINITION 67 Piracy is a war-like act committed by private parties (not affiliated with any government) that engaged in acts of robbery and/or criminal violence at sea. TERM 68
Jamestown
DEFINITION 68 located on Jamestown Island in the Virginia Colony, was founded on May 14, 1607. It is commonly regarded as the first permanent English settlement in what is now the United States of America, following several earlier failed attempts, including the Lost Colony of Roanoke. TERM 69
Sir Francis Drake
DEFINITION 69 Sir Francis Drake, Vice Admiral (1540 - 1596), was an English sea captain, privateer, navigator, slaver, a renowned pirate, and politician of the Elizabethan era. TERM 70
mercantilism
DEFINITION 70 Mercantilism is an economic theory that holds the prosperity of a nation is dependent upon its supply of capital, and that the global volume of international trade is "unchangeable." Economic assets or capital, are represented by bullion (gold, silver, and trade value) held by the state, which is best increased through a positive balance of trade with other nations (exports minus imports).
Qin Dynasty
(The Qin Dynasty () was the ruling Chinese dynasty between 221 and 206 BCE. TERM 77
Qin Shi Huangdi
DEFINITION 77 Qin Shi Huang (259 BCE - 210 BCE), personal name Ying Zheng was king of the Chinese State of Qin Durring the Warring states dynasties. TERM 78
Great wall of China
DEFINITION 78 The Great Wall of China is a series of stone and earthen fortifications in northern China, built, rebuilt, and maintained between the 5th century BC and the 16th century to protect the northern borders of the Chinese Empire from Xiongnu attacks during various successive dynasties. TERM 79
Dynastic cycle
DEFINITION 79 dynasties rise and fall in a 300 year cycle. founding (youth) things are put together. Time for living100 years. 3rd is old age emperor is not being a good leader leads to rebellion. TERM 80
Mandate of heaven (tien)
DEFINITION 80 Out of warring states dynasties comes the Chinese physiology of tien a universal whole when everything is working right. (heaven)
Dao (Tao)
Everything is running smooth every thing is working right. TERM 82
border problem China
DEFINITION 82 china has a 1,000 mile boarder to the north. The people to the north of china are nomads that are hearers they ride horses they want china's wealth. TERM 83
warring states period
DEFINITION 83 The Warring States Period (), also known as the Era of Warring States, covers the period from 476 BCE to the unification of China by the Qin Dynasty in 221 BCE. TERM 84
Han dynasty
DEFINITION 84 The Han Dynasty (; 206 BCE-220 CE) was the second imperial dynasty of China, preceded by the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms (220- 265 CE). TERM 85
Emperor System
DEFINITION 85 ruled by a family, the Emperor will always be a figure of power, but will not always be the one running china.
Te
is virtue you must act with virtue....Do what is right Selfless TERM 92
Junzi
DEFINITION 92 Junzi (, pinyin: Jnz) was a term coined by Confucius to describe his ideal human. doing all three Li,Jen,Te TERM 93
Merchants (in China)
DEFINITION 93 merchants are people to be watched They are not valued but are necessary for the economy. They must be controlled State sets prices. They are limited and taxed. TERM 94
Taoism
DEFINITION 94 Daoism)More the sum of all the parts, be natural get your ego out of the way. TERM 95
Wu-wei
DEFINITION 95 None action actions get you into trouble go with the flow
water metaphor (Taoism)
water always gets to the sea, it will get through every in it's way. It meanders around and it's weak but nothing is stronger TERM 97
Lao Tzu
DEFINITION 97 many have existed but no proof TERM 98
bureaucratic Government
DEFINITION 98 Han dynasty (206 B.C.-221 A.D.) TERM 99
Examination system
DEFINITION 99 Study most of your Early life to take the test to show you can read and write, after passing you become a scholar , making you eligible to become a bureaucrat in the Han dynasty 206BC-221AD TERM 100
Grand Canal
DEFINITION 100 Means a national Economy towns and cities. built in the Sui dynasty by hand 1000 miles long linked the Yansie river to the Yellow River, Northern cities can now be fed by the South
