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Geographic Profiling
a methodology that uses locations of a connected crime series of crimes to determine the most probable area of offender's residence TERM 2
Human Nature
DEFINITION 2 Creatures of habitDont move randomly throught enviernmentSpend time in areas we feel comfrotable in or most familiar with (Comfort zone)>Residence >Work site>Friends/ Relatives >Places of entertainment TERM 3
Construction of Graphic Profile
DEFINITION 3 review case files and reports examine crime scene photos visit crime scene study and analyze streets, neighborhoods,transitroutes TERM 4
Psycho-linguistics
DEFINITION 4 analysis of spoken or writen words to: Developinformation about the personresponsiblefor the crime Associate crimes based on similarities Identify descriptions and hidden meanings TERM 5
Psycholinguistic Theory
DEFINITION 5 Words and patterns in written statements are unique toindividualsand reveal characteristics of them
Language can reval
geographicorigin Race orethnicity Age Gender TERM 7
Crime Analysis
DEFINITION 7 Collection and analysis of data pertaining to acriminalincident, offender, or target. TERM 8
Crime Analysis looks at
DEFINITION 8 Crime trends- EX: auto theft increasing over the past 2 years Crime patterns-EX: single types of crime in one geographic area Types of offences Types of Crimes Space of Crime Calls for service -->Incidents, Arrests,Clarence TERM 9
Compstat System
DEFINITION 9 Computer system used to ID crime patterns and manage, monitor and access the impact of various crime controlstrategies TERM 10
ViCAP System
DEFINITION 10 Violent CriminalApprehensionProgramNation Wide computerized database operated by the FBI that is used to collect, collate, and analyzespecificcrimes ofviolenceto identify similar M.O or signature aspects of the crime
Central Index System (CIS)
Immigration Information US citizenship andimmigrationservices TERM 17
El Paso Intelligence Center (EPIC)
DEFINITION 17 Illegal drug trafficking aliensmuggling Weapons trafficking TERM 18
SENTRY
DEFINITION 18 Federal Prisoner database TERM 19
Equifax
DEFINITION 19 Credit information on individuals TERM 20
Use of Media
DEFINITION 20 someindividuals may have knowledge of a crime and not even be aware that what they saw or herd was related to a crime Other citizens may be aware that they have information related to the crime but they just need a little "nudge" to report it
Strategies used in
Media
tip Line- dedicated phone lines for the public to report crimes Crime stoppers-- we tip crime solvers TV shows that report on unsolved crimes Americas most wanted Unsolved Mysteries Special Alerts-- Radio, TV, Highway emergency signs Amber Alert- possible child abduction Silver Alert- possible missing elderly Mass mailings,announcements- Have you seen me mailings? , Milk cartons TERM 22
Problems With the Media
DEFINITION 22 Investigators can becomeoverwhelmingwith information (Must follow up an all leads) Can get false information (Caller wants revenge against someone) Investigator must determine how to allocate the reward money (Useful information may come from several people) TERM 23
Psychic
DEFINITION 23 Science if Parapsychology or Extrasensory Perception (ESP) Telepathy - ability to read minds Clairvoyance- ability to see beyond range of psychical vision Precognition- ability to the feature Retro-cognition- ability to see in the past When all else FAILS turn to a psychic TERM 24
Burglary
DEFINITION 24 Unlawful entry into a structure for the purpose of committing a crime (felony) within Thefts (Most Common) --> Steal Homicide --> sexual assault TERM 25
Theft
DEFINITION 25 Larceny/Theft -The unlawful taking, carrying, or leading away property frompossessionof others Homes,businesses, vehicle Retail Theft (Shop Lifting) Credit Card Theft Motor Vehicle theft- theft or attempted theft of a motor vehicleFraud- theft from another by falsely representing a fact from another in order to induce the person to surrender something of value.
Leads to follow Burglaries / Thefts
Interview >Victim >Neighbors>Witnesses > Informants Physical Evidence >Finger Prints >Broken Glass >Ransacking-- know where> Blood Stains > Tool Marks Valuables are?? Stolen Property >"follow the property" >Trade- drug, alcohol, other property>sold to: friends,acquaintance, fences, pawn shops, strangers Crime Analysis > Similar MO >Crime Patterns TERM 32
Vehicle Theft Characteristics
DEFINITION 32 Reported >Reported Gender >Male Age > Over 18 Race > WhiteCleared- 14%Uncleared- 86% TERM 33
Leads To follow Vehicle Theft
DEFINITION 33 Interview >Victim >Witness>Neighbor > Informants Physical Evidence >Finger Prints >Broken Glass>Blood Stains >Tool Marks Motivation >Joy ride -Juveniles>Profit- Sell outright, Overseas, Over border, Parts Location >Public Streets >Owners property>Parking lots- Down town, shopping malls, college lots Method >Obtain ignition code >Duplication Key >Hot Wire>Open Steeringcolumn > bump and run > Tow Vehicle>Paying parking lot attendant >find keys in ignition>Find spare Key > Find unattended vehicle running>steal key from lotattendant TERM 34
Arson Characteristics
DEFINITION 34 Most Common structures Vehicles single family homes Gender > Male Race > White Age > adult/ kid TERM 35
Arson Determine The Cause
DEFINITION 35 Possible Cause >Natural >Suspicious >Unknown- origin not determined>Accidental >Incendiary Use of Witness >Victim
Witness>Firefighter >informants Point of Origin >Fire pattern >V- Shape >heat source>Burn Materials >Deepest Char >Laying of materials Physical Evidence >Accelerent >Burned Materials >Un-burned Materials Motive >Express of anger/ revenge >terrorism >act of vandalism>destroyevidence of another crime >Profit>Emotional Satisfaction-- pyromaniac sexual gratification
Modus Operandi
The Method or mode of operation that a criminal uses to commit his or her crimes TERM 37
Psychological Profiling
DEFINITION 37 Technique for identifying the major personality and behavioral characteristics of an individual based upon an analysis of the crime he or she committed Based on the theory that the crime reflects the personality Most suitable forperpetratorwith signs of psychopathology Profile based on probability andinferences TERM 38
Crime Stoppers
DEFINITION 38 A formalstrategythat brings together the police, media, and citizens in an effort to solve crimes TERM 39
Special Investigative techniques
DEFINITION 39 use of...Behavioral evidence: Psychological profiling, geographical profiling, > andpsycho-linguisticsCrime analysis and mappingComputer databasesMediaPsychic (last resort) TERM 40
Looking at Modus Operandi
DEFINITION 40 Investigatorsmust look at the offenders pattern Types of Crime - many criminals choose one type of crime to commit ex: Bank robberies, convenience stores, house burglaries Take down : Day of the week, time of day- many criminals choose > same day of the week or time of day to strike Types of property targeted - many criminals choose residence, gas stations, banks,conveniencestores, and liquor stores Types of Persons - Many criminals choose store clerks, bank tellers, cab drivers, young women, and elderly people
