TEST BANK FOR HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY A
BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL APPROACH, 4TH
EDITION, RICHARD O. STRAUB
TEST BANK FOR HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY A
BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL APPROACH 4TH
EDITION STRAUB
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Test Bank for Health Psychology A Biopsychosocial Approach 4th Edition Straub, Exams of Psychology
Test Bank for Health Psychology A Biopsychosocial Approach 4th Edition Straub
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TEST BANK FOR HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY A
BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL APPROACH, 4TH
EDITION, RICHARD O. STRAUB
TEST BANK FOR HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY A
BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL APPROACH 4TH
EDITION STRAUB
Test Bank for Health Psychology A Biopsychosocial Approach, 4th Edition, Richard O. Straub
- Trace the central historical views of illness and health from the prehistoric period to the present day, noting key theorists and medical developments.
- Explain how Descartes' concept of dualism influenced medical science and current views of health in Western and non-Western medicine.
- Identify the major trends that led to the emergence of health psychology.
- Describe the different contexts considered by health psychologists.
- Compare and contrast the biomedical and biopsychosocial models of health and illness, and discuss the implications of accepting one model over the other. 2
- Regarding health and disease, which of the following is NOT true? A) Beginning in middle age, women have higher disease and disability rates than men do. B) At every age, death rates vary by ethnic group. C) People in developing countries can expect to live about the same number of healthy years as people in developed countries. D) Men are twice as likely as women to die of any cause.
- Which of the following is true regarding health care in the United States? A) The United States has the highest rated health care system in the world. B) Today, the United States spends a smaller portion of its gross domestic product on health care than it did several decades ago. C) A few countries spend more on health care than the United States and rank higher in terms of overall performance. D) The United States spends more on health care than most other developed nations, while many countries spend less on health care than the United States but rank higher in terms of overall performance.
- According to Healthy People 2010, nearly one million deaths in the United States each year are: A) preventable. B) caused by genetic disorders. C) lifestyle diseases that were rare fifty years ago. D) caused by accidents.
- The new federal law aimed at reducing the number of people in the United States who do not have health insurance is the: A) Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. B) No Child Left Behind Act. C) Healthy People 2020 Act. D) Preventable Injury and Death Act.
- During the prehistoric period, our ancestors believed that disease was caused by: A) trephination. B) demons or evil spirits. C) poor hygiene. D) an imbalance of body fluids.
- Trephination refers to: A) the use of leeches to draw blood from a sick person. B) a primitive form of surgery in which a hole was bored into a sick person's skull. C) the earliest public health regulations established by Greek and Roman medicine. D) a non-Western form of healing based on the use of herbs and tonics.
- According to Hippocrates, disease resulted when: A) there was an imbalance among the different humors circulating in the body. B) the person violated divine laws. C) the person experienced too much of one type of emotion. D) illness-causing worms infested the body.
- The notion of personality traits being linked with body fluids: A) was discarded long ago. B) still persists in the folk and alternative medicines of many cultures. C) originated with the work of Claudius Galen. D) was the basis of the germ theory of disease.
- Who developed an elaborate system of pharmacology that physicians followed for almost 1,500 years? A) Hippocrates B) Galen C) Descartes D) Vesalius
- Traditional Oriental medicine is founded on the principle that: A) mind and body do not interact in determining health or illness. B) the human body represents the entire universe in a microcosm. C) internal harmony is essential for good health. D) three bodily humors, or doshas, are the key to health.
- The oldest known medical system in the world is: A) traditional Oriental medicine. B) ayurveda. C) acupuncture. D) qi.
- Under the doctrine of mind-body dualism, health and disease came to be viewed: A) in scientific, or biomedical, terms. B) in spiritual terms. C) in terms of social and psychological factors. D) as culturally specific states.
- The first complete anatomical study of the internal organs, musculature, and skeletal systems of the human body was published by: A) Christian Huygens. B) Claudius Galen. C) Andreas Vesalius. D) Giovanni Morgagni.
- According to which theory are the origins of specific diseases found in the internal organs, musculature, and skeletal system of the body? A) Germ theory B) Anatomical theory C) Cellular theory D) Humoral theory
- In the history of Western medicine, humoral theory was eventually replaced by the theory. A) anatomical B) cellular C) germ D) hormonal
- Some nineteenth-century scholars believed that living organisms could be formed from nonliving matter. This idea is called: A) asceticism. B) spontaneous generation. C) tridosha. D) trephination.
- Because he doesn't feel sick, Enrique believes that he is healthy. Enrique evidently has an implicit belief in the model of health. A) biopsychosocial B) Cartesian C) biomedical D) biophysical
- A pathogen is: A) a healing force. B) the pattern of illness in a population. C) a disease. D) any agent such as a bacterium or virus that can cause a disease.
- The field of psychosomatic medicine emerged because the biomedical model was unable to explain: A) gender differences in the prevalence of certain diseases. B) disorders that had no observable physical cause. C) cultural differences in the incidence of specific diseases. D) age-related issues in health and disease.
- The biomedical model embraces reductionism, which is the view that: A) psychological, social, and behavioral variables play little role in illness. B) complex phenomena (such as health) derive from a single factor. C) mind and body are separate and autonomous entities. D) health is nothing more than the absence of disease.
- According to Sigmund Freud, loss of speech, deafness, and other conversion disorders were caused by: A) unconscious emotional conflicts. B) psychological viruses. C) erotic urges. D) repressed feelings of hatred toward one's parents.
- The nuclear conflict model of psychosomatic medicine was developed by psychoanalyst: A) Sigmund Freud. B) B. F. Skinner. C) Neal Miller. D) Franz Alexander.
- Which of the following is NOT one of the original four goals of the new field of health psychology? A) To promote health B) To prevent and treat illness C) To lower health care costs D) To promote public health policy
- During the twentieth century, life expectancy in the United States: A) decreased. B) remained about the same. C) decreased, then increased during the twenty-first century. D) increased.
- Which of the following has NOT been a major health trend in the United States since 1900? A) Health care costs have increased. B) Life expectancy has increased. C) Lifestyle disorders such as cancer, stroke, and heart disease have decreased. D) The medical model has been broadened from a biomedical focus to a biological, psychological, and social focus.
- A person who attributes catching a cold to not getting enough sleep or experiencing too much stress after being exposed to a virus is implicitly accepting which model of health? A) biomedical B) biopsychosocial C) behavioral D) cognitive-behavioral
- Health psychologists view health: A) as the absence of disease. B) from a biopsychosocial viewpoint. C) from a biomedical perspective. D) in various ways, depending on the individual's background.
- Dr. Rogers believes that our characteristic human behaviors exist as they do because they helped our distant ancestors survive. Evidently, Dr. Rogers is a proponent of the: A) evolutionary perspective. B) biomedical model. C) life-course perspective. D) biopsychosocial model.
- Genomics is the study of the: A) evolutionary history of a species' health. B) structure, function, and mapping of the genetic material of organisms. C) role of psychological factors in vulnerability to disease. D) effects of environmental forces on how genes are expressed.
- An “epigenetic effect” is one in which: A) genes influence a person's vulnerability to disease. B) a person's age influences his or her health. C) environmental forces affect how genes are expressed. D) exposure to an environmental toxin makes a person sick.
- One research study found that boys who inherit one variation of the MAOA gene, and girls who inherit a different variation of the same gene, are more likely to engage in behavior as adolescents, but only if they were exposed to as children. A) prosocial; chemical toxins B) delinquent: maltreatment C) criminal; malnutrition D) bullying; bullying
- DNA methylation is best described as the: A) biochemical process that occurs in body cells and helps regulate the expression of genes. B) cause of most chronic illnesses in children and young adults. C) cause of most chronic illnesses in older adults. D) mechanism by which psychological traits such as introversion are inherited.
- Today, the leading cause of death in the United States is: A) accidents. B) infectious disease. C) cancer. D) heart disease.
- When psychologists use the term culture , they are referring to: A) large groups of people who tend to have similar values. B) large groups of people who tend to have similar experiences. C) the enduring behaviors, values, and customs that a group of people have developed over the years and transmitted from one generation to the next. D) a group of people born within a few years of one another who experience similar historical and social conditions.
- Dr. Smyth is studying the relationship of socioeconomic status to health and disease. Dr. Smyth is evidently working from the perspective. A) sociocultural B) life-course C) gender D) behavioral
- Which of the following is NOT true regarding the immigrant paradox? A) Low socioeconomic status does not predict poor health for Hispanics and other ethnic groups in the United States. B) The children and grandchildren of immigrants to the United States typically surpass their elders in income and education. C) The children and grandchildren of immigrants to the United States typically are healthier than their elders. D) Latinos in the United States use health care less often.
- Which is one reason that middle-aged women have higher rates of illness than men in the same age group? A) Women have been underrepresented as participants in medical research trials. B) There simply are more middle-aged women than men living. C) Because women have less muscular strength than men, they tend to get sick more often. D) Because women have weaker immune systems than men.
- According to the ecological-systems approach, health is a function of: A) the body's biological systems. B) our social relationships. C) our psychological makeup. D) the interaction of the body's biological, social, and psychological domains.
- The alcohol dependency syndrome consists of each of the following traits EXCEPT: A) poor self-regulation. B) negative emotionality. C) self-defeating beliefs. D) high self-esteem.
- Research studies demonstrate that college students who drink heavily prefer: A) large social contexts involving both men and women. B) small social contexts involving both men and women. C) large social contexts involving only men or women. D) small social contexts involving only men or women.
- Health psychologists work as: A) teachers. B) research scientists. C) clinicians. D) teachers, scientists, and clinicians.
- Dr. Mills conducts research on the health assets that produce longer life and optimal human functioning. Which specialty area does her research best represent? A) Positive health B) Clinical health psychology C) Biopsychosocial psychology D) Health psychology
- Dr. Santiello is a licensed practitioner who focuses on health-promoting interventions with his clientele. Dr. Santiello is most likely a(n) psychologist. A) positive health B) biopsychosocial C) health D) clinical health
Answer Key
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. C
5. B
6. C
7. D
8. A
9. A
10. B
11. B
12. A
13. B
14. B
15. C
16. B
17. D
18. A
19. C
20. A
21. C
22. A
23. A
24. C
25. B
26. A
27. B
28. C
29. D
30. B
31. B
32. A
33. D
34. D
35. D
36. C
37. D
38. A
39. C
40. D
41. C
42. B
43. B
44. A
45. B
46. C
47. B
48. A
49. B
50. D
51. C
52. B
53. C
54. A
55. D
56. C
57. A
58. C
59. A
60. D
61. D
62. A
63. D
64. A
65. D
66. C
67. A
68. C
- According to the text, complete health involves which three domains? A) physical, psychological, physiological B) emotional, physical, social C) physical, psychological, social D) physical, economic, social
- is credited with proposing the first rational explanation of why people get sick. A) Aristotle B) Sigmund Freud C) Galen D) Hippocrates
- is the oldest known medical system in the world. A) Ayurveda B) Tridosha C) Aediles D) Humoral
- Dr. Singer studies the effects of environmental forces on how genes are expressed. Dr. Singer's research is evidently focused on phenomena. A) epigenetic B) molecular C) cellular D) holistic
- Young people (aged 1 - 24) are more likely to die from , while older people (45 and over) are more likely to die from. A) chronic conditions; external causes B) external causes; chronic conditions C) heart disease; cancer D) cancer; heart disease
- The immigrant paradox is the finding that low is not always associated with poorer health among some ethnic groups in the United States. A) birthweight B) body mass index C) socioeconomic status D) health literacy
- According to systems theory, health is determined by: A) the body's tissues, cells, and genetic material. B) the endocrine system, immune system, and other biological systems of the body. C) our families, neighborhoods, and culture. D) the interaction of all of these things determine health.
- The perspective considers how the enduring behaviors, values, and customs of a group of people contribute to health and disease. A) behavioral B) biopsychosocial C) sociocultural D) life course
- psychology is a relatively new field that encourages psychologists to devote more research attention to optimal, healthy human functioning. A) Health B) Applied health C) Positive D) Biopsychosocial