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Definitions and explanations for various historical terms related to the late 19th and early 20th century united states. These terms cover a range of topics, including urbanization, politics, transportation, and conservation. Some of the terms defined include metropolis, streetcar, tenement house, city boss, settlement house, suspension bridge, skyscraper, james garfield, chester arthur, civil service act, grover cleveland, benjamin harrison, dependent pension act, coxey's army, william mckinley, william jennings bryan, samoan islands, hawaii, cuba, spanish american war, panama canal, leon czolgosz, theodore roosevelt, pennsylvania coal strike, square deal, pure food and drug act, interstate commerce commission, conservation, panic of 1907, william howard taft, gifford pinchot, and richard ballinger.
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*500,000 residents *Europe had 2 cities - London and Paris *in US 20th century - 6 cities, 3 had over 1 million *cities grew too fast TERM 2
DEFINITION 2 *like train car, runs on trains track, like trolly, horses pull it *one reason downtown becomes shopping area *problems -
DEFINITION 3 *apartment building *tall buildings *apartments very scattered-whole floors are apartments *have to walk through other rooms to get to your room *take craps in buckets, then throw it out the window TERM 4
DEFINITION 4 *Every city had a boss who could get people elected *Election time -> wants votes *system is bad -> dead people voting *Boss Tweed - ran NYC, several decades (gets in trouble), when goes to prison (worth 2 million, would keep money) *Boss Crump - Memphis TERM 5
DEFINITION 5 *started by Jane Adams *Started in Chi Town, bought building in inner city and lived there to help people *educational opportunity, how to stay clean *pop up in cities across country *womens rights comes from this
*held up by cavles *Golden Gate Bridge *cover wide space and carry people *Brooklyn Bride = 1st *designed by John Roebling TERM 7
DEFINITION 7 *designed parks TERM 8
DEFINITION 8 *Chicago had the 1st *1871 massive fire that almost burned the city down-60,000 buildings gone *need 3 things: metal frame (steel), fire proof as possible, and elevators *back in 1800's - tallest building 22 stories tall *before that - the tallest buildings were 4 stories TERM 9
DEFINITION 9 *republican *1880 election *from Ohio *Vice President was Chester A. Arthur (corrupt government official, fired by Hayes) *summer 1881-at train station, guy shoots him in back -> Charles Guiteau- supported him in election, expected something in return, Garfield didn't know who he was *Doctors couldn't find bullet, find out Graham Bell had another invention w/ military=metal detector *Bell comes to WH - still can't find bullet, Garfield dies TERM 10
DEFINITION 10 *Shot James Garfield in the back at a train station in 1881 *picked out gun that would look good
*Jacob Coxey - Businessman *thought we depended too much on the railroad, we should build roads and canals *government officials would not listen to him, so he went to Washinton and marched - 1st time this ever happened *they walked from Ohio to Washington TERM 17
DEFINITION 17 *Republican *1896 Presidential Election was based on the gold and silver debate *McKinley was in favor of gold *never left his house and had about $3.6 million to spend *received 7.1 million votes (more than any candidate ever has) *was successful at turning US money into gold TERM 18
DEFINITION 18 *Democrat in the 1896 Presidential Election *was in favor of silver *traveled 1800 miles, estimated 3 million heard his voice and had about $300,000 to spend *received 6.5 million votes (also more than any candidate ever has) *became known as the Great Commoner, people didn't vote for him because he thought there should be a farmport which would raise prices and he spoke like a preacher and immigrants couldn't understand him TERM 19
DEFINITION 19 *fueling station *Germany and England also want them, so a race starts to see who gets there first * in 1880s we all get there at the same time, until a storm drove everyone away and we decided to divide them into 3 parts TERM 20
DEFINITION 20 *americans have been there since 1700s, some plantation owners force the government to write a new constitution, in 1880s we negotiate and get Pearl Harbor - the Americans don't like living in another country because of a tariff-tax on imports-so they stage a rebellion, kick the queen off her thrown, become the Republic of Hawaii, and asked the US to make them a territory
*still owned by Spain *in 1890s, there is a small rebellion to be an independent country *cuban exiles try and get americans to help (Hearst and Pulitzer - newspaper reporters who made up stories to publish to make people think bad things were happening in Cuba) *Spain was trying to peacefully settle with the Cubans *we send the USS Maine to check on the situation - Spain blew up the ship while troops were on shore and the US declared war on Spain in 1898-Spanish-American War TERM 22
DEFINITION 22
TERM 23
DEFINITION 23 *about 5,000 men died from food poisoning *they wanted to get 2 spots (San Juan and El Carey) *Roosevelt formed the Rough Riders *when we sign the treaty, we want: cuba to be independent, we get puerto rico and we get the phillipines *when we leave cuba, we get a navy base there, Guantanamo Bay *we give Spain $20 million TERM 24
DEFINITION 24 *was a way to make faster shipments from the ports on the East Coast to China *a french company built half of it but they went bankrupt and sold it to the US for $40 million *Columbia doesn't want it, because they don't want the US to try and take them over *Roosevelt came up with a way to fix this: Philippe Varilla (Columbian exile) put together a constitution and flag and declared it independent and called it Panama, he became the president and allowed US to finish the canal *was finished in 1914 TERM 25
DEFINITION 25 *shot and killed McKinley after he was re-elected in 1900
*protected about 235 million acres of land *Yosemite was the 1st he protected TERM 32
DEFINITION 32 *rumor spread that Knickerbocker Bank in NYC was having trouble so everyone withdrew their money from there *people started thinking all banks were having trouble so everyone withdrew money across the country *roosevelt left this for the next president to fix TERM 33
DEFINITION 33 *picked by roosevelt *was a lot bigger than roosevelt and always listened to the Republican leaders *tore conservation apart while Roosevelt was on his world-wide hunting trip TERM 34
DEFINITION 34 *Was left by Roosevelt to look after Conservation TERM 35
DEFINITION 35 *was chosen by Taft to replace Pinchot