Download Texas Principles of Agriculture, Food & Natural Resources Units 1–5, 34 (used in high sch and more Exams Gardening and Horticulture in PDF only on Docsity!
Texas Principles of Agriculture, Food & Natural Resources
Units 1–5, 34 (used in high school & dual credit ag/hort
programs) Exam Questions and Correct Answers Plus
Rationales 2025
- What is the primary purpose of the FFA organization? A. Promote global trade B. Develop leadership and career success in students C. Regulate agricultural laws D. Increase commodity prices FFA's mission includes personal growth, leadership, and career success through agricultural education.
- Which of the following is one of the three components of the agricultural education model? A. Agricultural law B. Trade policy C. Supervised Agricultural Experience (SAE) D. Environmental services SAE is a key component of ag education, along with classroom instruction and FFA.
- The term “agribusiness” refers to: A. Managing a farm only
B. Buying livestock C. All business activities related to agriculture D. Only agricultural product exports Agribusiness includes production, processing, marketing, and distribution of agricultural products.
- A career in agriscience would most likely involve: A. Real estate B. Scientific research in plant or animal systems C. Music education D. Web development Agriscience includes biotechnology, genetics, and research roles within agriculture.
- The first national FFA convention was held in what city? A. Dallas B. Kansas City C. Atlanta D. Chicago Kansas City hosted the first National FFA Convention in 1928.
- A student record book used in agriculture class is called a: A. Grade sheet B. Agricultural Experience Tracker (AET) C. Career journal D. Soil test log AET is a digital record-keeping system for SAE and classroom activities.
The American Degree is the highest level of recognition a member can earn in the FFA. 11.What is the definition of “horticulture”? A. Forestry and natural resource science B. Animal science C. The science and art of growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants D. Agricultural business management Horticulture focuses on plants grown for food, comfort, or beauty. 12.What tool is commonly used to measure soil pH? A. Brix refractometer B. Fertilizer spreader C. Soil test kit or pH meter D. Rain gauge A pH meter or kit is essential for determining soil acidity or alkalinity. 13.Which greenhouse structure type has a single slope? A. Ridge and furrow B. Quonset hut C. Lean-to D. Gable-top Lean-to greenhouses are built against another structure and have one sloped side.
14.Asexual plant reproduction produces: A. Offspring with mixed traits B. Offspring genetically identical to the parent C. New plant species D. No roots or shoots Asexual reproduction like cuttings or grafting results in clones of the parent plant. 15.What part of the plant is responsible for photosynthesis? A. Roots B. Stems C. Leaves D. Flowers Leaves contain chlorophyll and are the primary site of photosynthesis. 16.Which of the following is a macronutrient needed by plants? A. Zinc B. Iron C. Nitrogen D. Boron Nitrogen is a key macronutrient essential for leaf and stem growth. 17.Which soil texture holds water best? A. Sand B. Clay C. Gravel
21.Which plant hormone promotes root development and elongation? A. Ethylene B. Auxin C. Gibberellin D. Abscisic acid Auxin is essential for root formation and directional plant growth. 22.What career cluster does agriculture fall under in the national framework? A. Business B. Public safety C. Agriculture, Food & Natural Resources D. Human services This is the formal name for the cluster where ag-related careers are categorized. 23.What is the main purpose of SAE programs? A. Eliminate paperwork B. Test students C. Provide real-world agricultural experience D. Replace class lectures SAEs connect classroom knowledge to hands-on learning opportunities. 24.In plant identification, which part is often used for classification? A. Root type B. Height C. Leaf shape D. Soil preference
Leaf shape and structure are common characteristics for identifying plant species. 25.What is the correct order of soil horizons from top to bottom? A. C, A, B B. B, O, A C. O, A, B, C D. A, B, C, O Soil horizons are organized from organic matter (O) downward to weathered parent rock (C). 26.Who is responsible for enforcing pesticide regulations? A. FFA B. USDA C. EPA D. FDA The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) manages pesticide use and safety. 27.Which natural resource is considered renewable? A. Oil B. Coal C. Trees D. Natural gas Trees can be regrown, making them renewable under proper forest management.
C. State agriculture D. Trade uniform The FFA jacket is a symbol of pride, tradition, and identity. 32.Which agency oversees agricultural education standards in Texas? A. Department of Defense B. Texas Education Agency (TEA) C. Department of Labor D. USDA TEA defines curriculum and standards for state-level education programs. 33.The term “agronomy” refers to the study of: A. Animal diseases B. Field crops and soil management C. Food nutrition D. Insect control Agronomy focuses on soil science, crop production, and sustainable farming. 34.In a greenhouse, what system helps regulate temperature? A. Seed trays B. Ventilation system C. Fertilizer injector D. Hose reels Ventilation prevents overheating and maintains proper air flow. 35.Which water delivery method is most efficient for conserving water? A. Overhead sprinklers
B. Drip irrigation C. Flood irrigation D. Water cannon Drip systems reduce evaporation and apply water directly to the roots. 36.Which SAE type involves working for someone else in agriculture? A. Research B. Placement C. Ownership D. Experimental Placement SAEs involve employment in an ag-related business or operation. 37.What is the purpose of parliamentary procedure? A. Stop meetings B. Prevent public speaking C. Maintain order during meetings D. Delay decisions Parliamentary procedure organizes meetings to be fair and efficient. 38.Who is the current governing body of the National FFA? A. Congress B. National FFA Organization C. United Nations D. Department of Health The National FFA Organization manages national-level FFA activities and leadership.
C. Yellowing leaves D. Stronger stems Yellowing (chlorosis) often indicates nitrogen or iron deficiency. 43.What tool is best for measuring small volumes of liquid? A. Beaker B. Trowel C. Graduated cylinder D. Thermometer A graduated cylinder provides precise liquid measurements in labs. 44.Which part of a flower produces pollen? A. Pistil B. Sepal C. Anther D. Ovary The anther is the part of the stamen that creates and releases pollen. 45.What plant process releases oxygen into the air? A. Germination B. Photosynthesis C. Transpiration D. Respiration Photosynthesis produces oxygen as a byproduct of converting light into energy. 46.How many taps of the gavel adjourn a meeting? A. One
B. One C. Two D. Three A single gavel tap adjourns a meeting according to FFA protocol. 47.Which leadership office is responsible for FFA meetings? A. Treasurer B. President C. Sentinel D. Advisor The president presides over and leads all chapter meetings. 48.What’s the best way to identify unknown plants? A. Smell B. Tasting C. Leaf shape and flower structure D. Digging them up Leaf patterns and flowers are key to accurate plant ID. 49.Which SAE category focuses on investigating questions and conducting studies? A. Entrepreneurship B. Placement C. Research/Experimental D. Exploratory Research SAEs involve scientific methods to answer ag-related questions.
C. Reporter D. Sentinel The ear of corn symbolizes unity and is the symbol for the Secretary. 54.Which type of SAE would involve conducting an experiment on plant growth using different soil types? A. Entrepreneurship B. Research C. Placement D. Exploratory Research SAEs involve using scientific methods to test hypotheses. 55.Which of the following is a proper safety practice in the ag mechanics shop? A. Use damaged tools B. Wear eye protection C. Keep loose clothing D. Ignore spills Eye protection is critical to prevent injuries from flying debris or chemicals. 56.Which of these best describes a perennial plant? A. Lives only one season B. Lives more than two years C. Grows only in water D. Grows from seeds each spring Perennials live for multiple years and regrow every season.
57.What is the purpose of an MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet)? A. Market data B. Safety and handling of chemicals C. Weather alerts D. Plant records MSDS sheets describe how to safely store, handle, and dispose of chemicals. 58.What is the correct soil triangle composition of loam? A. Mostly clay B. Equal clay and silt C. Balanced mix of sand, silt, and clay D. Mostly silt Loam is the ideal soil because of its balanced drainage and nutrient capacity. 59.Which of the following is considered a soft skill? A. Welding B. Communication C. Soil testing D. Driving a tractor Soft skills are interpersonal traits like teamwork, communication, and reliability. 60.Which of the following is a benefit of joining FFA? A. Guaranteed college admission B. Lower taxes
C. Overhead boom D. Sub-irrigation Misting systems help control temperature and humidity for delicate plants. 65.What is the study of animal science primarily concerned with? A. Weather B. Marketing C. Livestock care and breeding D. Crop rotation Animal science deals with the health, care, and genetics of domesticated animals. 66.What is the FFA salute? A. Fist over heart B. Two gavel taps C. The Pledge of Allegiance D. A raised hand The official salute is the Pledge of Allegiance, performed with respect. 67.The highest FFA degree a chapter can bestow is the: A. State Degree B. Chapter Degree C. Greenhand Degree D. American Degree The Chapter Degree is awarded by the local chapter for active participation.
68.Which part of a resume should list your strongest skills? A. Contact info B. Skills section C. Education D. References The skills section highlights abilities relevant to the job or career path. 69.Which plant part anchors the plant and absorbs water and nutrients? A. Stem B. Leaf C. Root D. Flower Roots are responsible for anchoring and nutrient uptake. 70.What is the goal of conservation practices in agriculture? A. Increase taxes B. Sustain natural resources C. Increase machinery sales D. Eliminate biodiversity Conservation helps maintain soil, water, and ecosystem health. 71.What does OSHA regulate? A. Plant labeling B. Crop pricing C. Workplace safety D. Soil conditions OSHA ensures safe and healthy working conditions for employees.
