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This document delves into the importance of person-centered practice in the worker/service user relationship, focusing on the role of anti-discriminatory practice and the impact of societal structures and social groups on our interactions. It discusses core principles for person-centered practice, the influence of society on our values and beliefs, and the concept of diversity. The document also includes an exercise for exploring identity.
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By Pete Lock Person Centred Practice – What lies either side of the door in the worker/service user relationship.
To explore anti-discriminatory and person-centred practice in regards to the service user and worker relationship, looking at barriers that can impact on our interactions and analysing where some of them come from. o Examine core principles needed for person-centred practice o The role of anti-discriminatory practice o Diversity and how society‟s structures and social groups influence us o Impact of discrimination and oppression on person-centred practice o How to use PCS analysis when difficulties occur
Language Disability Culture Class Religion Location Race/ Ethnicity Age Gender Sexual Orientation Society‟s structure contain social divisions that form groupings, which we fall into, shaping our opportunities, experiences and social interactions. Our values, beliefs and assumptions are influenced by such experiences, social interactions and opportunities.
We interlink through a number of social groups. These combined dimensions form our own unique social experience and individual identity. This individuality forms diversity (the difference between people). The way in which we interact with others is influenced by our social experiences. Likewise how others interact with us will be influenced by their own social experience also, which may be very different from ours.
Even from birth we fall into social groups, including o Ethnicity o Gender o Class ( based on parents) As we grow we evolve or move in and out of certain groups. through life events and experiences, including: o Disability o Religion o Sexual Orientation o Class (Social mobility) Heritage Our Heritage is defined by our parents ancestors, which can define our ethnicity & social groups, but is not always as we think. The DNA Journey
Social groups have an unequal share of power, influence and opportunity. In most cases the groupings that the majority fall into tends to be seen as the „mainstream‟, considered as being powerful, superior, dominant and having more opportunities. o Class - Middle and Upper o Ethnicity - White o Gender – Male These „mainstream‟ groups tend to influence and form many of the societies structures and institutions, furthering their dominance. Example: UK Government predominantly White, British, Upper Class Male
Our values, beliefs and assumptions tend to be influenced by our social groupings and experiences, forming what we consider as the „norms‟ These „norms‟ often form unconsciously through our daily social interactions from an early age, so we often unaware of their influence. How we experience and interact with others tend to be shaped by our „norms‟, we may exclude certain groups or feel uncomfortable in them as they don‟t share our „norms‟. May restrict our learning, experiences and opportunities, as well as reinforcing our prejudices, assumptions and ultimately lead to discriminative and oppressive practice.
In groups consider the differences that can occur within each of the social categories and how this can impact on the service user relationship. Language Disability Culture Class Religion Location Race/ Ethnicity Age Gender Sexual Orientation
“Any form of prejudice and discrimination can effect the client/worker relationship and effectiveness of intervention”. (Thompson 2009). Working out where some of our feelings about others come from : Thompson‟s PCS Analysis can be useful to explore areas of inequalities, discrimination and oppression and how these are formed, as well as examining own personal values, beliefs and attitudes that may impact on our service user/worker relationship.
Thompson's PCS model analyses societies interactions at three levels, Personal, Cultural and Structural. ( Thompson 2006). P Personal - individual's actions, feelings, beliefs which often form prejudices and judgements. C Cultural - the individual's cultural beliefs, defining common beliefs within cultures, morals, and religious beliefs, which helps social-conformity S Structural - social-divisions and networks, supported by powerful institutions including religious organisations, media, governments and their related bodies
Sectarianism - an act carried out on the grounds of membership of a sect, denomination, or other group(Oxford Dictionary) In Action Discriminatory in nature and leads to oppressive acts from one sect on another. Sectarianism is endemic in Northern Ireland, therefore both Intentional and unintentional discrimination has to be present. Not solely based on religious divisions between Protestant and Catholic, Northern Ireland Sectarianism has many other complexities including political followings (Traynor, 1998) Similar traits to racism except both sides see themselves as victims and perpetrators
Mr J has was diagnosed with severe sight impairment and referred for full assessment and rehabilitation to aid independence. He lives exclusively in a Catholic/Nationalist area that has strong links to the Republican Paramilitaries. My initial feelings On receipt of the referral I felt fearful about arranging a visit and going into this community, unsure of what to expect.
Advantages Of Using The Process
o Understanding of my own prejudices – ( anti-discriminatory practice) o Fear into perspective and manageable - (Genuineness) o Not personalising any prejudices he may have (Unconditional Positive Regard) o Understand Mr.J's fears of access non Catholic Resources - (Empathy)
o Identified learning needs o Ignorance of community based services o Mechanisms and challenge of o Sectarianism o Other discriminations
Disadvantages Of Using The Process Only dealt with my prejudices and interactions o Did not deal with any of Mr.J’s prejudices Unable to hide identity o Accent gives away identity o Other language markers not able to hide Good for recognising but does not challenge sectarianism o Within relationship with Mr.J o Challenging may increase barriers or relationship breakdown Cultural Influences Mr. J may face o Receiving State Service o British worker Frustration on personal level o Powerless against 'Structural' and 'Cultural' level.