BIG BANG – THE ORIGIN
OF UNIVERSE
TARUN KUMAR LOT M.Sc.(PHYSICS)
BHUMIKA KUMARI SUTHAR M.Sc.
(PHYSICS)
Abstract
The big bang theory predict and explains the origin of
universe when t=0i.e. the time was not even exist .Or
around 13.77 billion years ago. The prediction was
thatan explosion occurs that was a singularity the
explosion occurs which was the origin and expansion
of universe. The universe is still expanding which can
be seen by Hubble s law .However the scientists of
20th century have taken so much of interest in
cosmology and theoretical physics. When the time
came into existence and its continuous further the
fundamental particles also came into existence and
when they cool down after millions of years they
started to form stars ,planets , galaxies, supernova
clusters etc. This theory becomesmore effective and
famous after the discovery of cosmic microwave
background radiation. (CMB).In the early expansion
of universe (CMB) plays very crucial role to
understand the origin of universe. when the universe
was at its early stage before the formation of stars,
planets, clusters etc. it was very hot and dense and
also filled with a fog which radiates the waves of
longer wavelength.When the temperature started
cooling down and started to form hydrogen single
proton atom 11H which can also explain by Big bang
nucleosynthieses and also by stellar nucleosynthesis.
INTRODUCTION
The curiosity to know about the celestial bodies and
the origin of universe was not from this mid
19thCentury basically it was from 5th century BC. The
Babylonian civilization and further Ptolemy of
3rdcentury AD started study about the heavenly
bodies and as a result he discovered some planets and
much more about the universe.
The prediction of big bang was taken by Lemaitre
which was related to cosmology. He has given his
laws after seeing the work of Sir Albert Einstein on
general theory of relativity and also Edwin Hubble
work on cosmology and expansion of universe,
further it was termed as Hubble law or Lemaitre law.
Big Bang model also provides the exact explanation
from the time of nucleosynthesis to till now. It also
explain some concept that was mislead the scientist
of early 19th and 20th century.
Einstein in his general and special theory of
relativity explains some of the unsolved questions
regarding to the Big bang such as black hole,
gravitational lensing, space time curve etc. As in his
general theory of relativity Einstein has predicted that
the universe is not flat it has a curve which relate to
the space and time. He also explain that the light is
deflected due to gravitational force of any heavenly
body and bends even sir Albert Einstein has given
an equation regarding origin of universe and it also
help to understand the geometry of space time to the
distribution of matter which was known as –Einstein
field equation .
Hubble’s law and Expansion of Universe
As Edwin Hubble in his theory talked about
expanding Universe, [1],[2],[3]He describes it with
the galactic red shift and micro wave background
radiation, although it was also explained with (SSS)
model of Universe, i.e., Spherically symmetric model
of Universe, rather than three Scientists of 20th
Century Gives a model regarding to the universe e
that was Freidman, Robertson Walker or (FRW)
model of Universe.[4]
It was good enough itself out when we relate this
model to Einstein field equation not hold so good.
The effective cause of that Leo Causes by Einstein
General theory of relativity in the expansion of
Universe. We can see it in our daily life. It was just
happing around Universe in any part by it as the
observable of Universe that weknow is about having
distance of 46.5 billion light years or (8.8x 1028
meters). Edwin Hubble He measure the rate of
Expansion was a 73.84. (km/s) MPC after the CMB
fluctuations it may changes to sol has 67.4+0.5
(km/s) MPC.
