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The Cell - Review Worksheet - Biology, Exercises of Cell Biology

Belmont Abbey CollegeCell Biology

4 parts worksheet on human cell

Typology: Exercises

2020/2021

Uploaded on 04/20/2021

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Name: Block: Date:
Biology 12 - The Cell – REVIEW WORKSHEET
# Part A: In ONE sentence, in the space provided, describe the function of the following organelles. Use point
form. Use your own words. Paraphrase and condense the textbook definitions. DO NOT copy any definition or
part of a definition. In the box to the left of each definition, make a sketch of the organelle.
1. cell membrane:
2. cell wall:
3. centriole:
4. chloroplast:
5. chromosome:
6. cilia:
7. cytoskeleton:
8. flagella:
9. Golgi body
10. lysosomes:
11. microfilament:
12. microtubule:
13. mitochondria:
14. nucleolus:
15. nucleus:
16. plastids:
17. ribosome:
18. rough endoplasmic reticulum:
19. smooth endoplasmic reticulum:
20. vacuoles:
21. vesicle:
Part B: Mix and Match! Each definition has only one correct matching answer
1. internal framework that anchors organelles, gives shape A) cell membrane
2. cellular "ropes" made of repeating units of the protein actin B) cell wall
3. hollow tubes for transport, movement, made of actin & tubulin proteins C) centriole
4. vesicles pinch off these structures; proteins modified and packaged here D) chloroplast
5. cellular "stomach" E) chromosome
6. selectively permeable "doorman" F) cilia
7. the most important plastid, turns CO2, H2O, sunlight into glucose G) cytoskeleton
review - Page 1 of 4
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Download The Cell - Review Worksheet - Biology and more Exercises Cell Biology in PDF only on Docsity!

Name: Block: Date:

Biology 12 - The Cell – REVIEW WORKSHEET

# Part A: In ONE sentence, in the space provided, describe the function of the following organelles. Use point

form. Use your own words. Paraphrase and condense the textbook definitions. DO NOT copy any definition or part of a definition. In the box to the left of each definition, make a sketch of the organelle.

  1. cell membrane:
  2. cell wall:
  3. centriole:
  4. chloroplast:
  5. chromosome:
  6. cilia:
  7. cytoskeleton:
  8. flagella:
  9. Golgi body
  10. lysosomes:
  11. microfilament:
  12. microtubule:
  13. mitochondria:
  14. nucleolus:
  15. nucleus:
  16. plastids:
  17. ribosome:
  18. rough endoplasmic reticulum:
  19. smooth endoplasmic reticulum:
  20. vacuoles:
  21. vesicle:

Part B: Mix and Match! Each definition has only one correct matching answer

  1. internal framework that anchors organelles, gives shape A) cell membrane
  2. cellular "ropes" made of repeating units of the protein actin B) cell wall
  3. hollow tubes for transport, movement, made of actin & tubulin proteins C) centriole
  4. vesicles pinch off these structures; proteins modified and packaged here D) chloroplast
  5. cellular "stomach" E) chromosome
  6. selectively permeable "doorman" F) cilia
  7. the most important plastid, turns CO 2 , H 2 O, sunlight into glucose G) cytoskeleton

 review - Page 1 of 4

  1. membrane-bound spheres that store water & dissolved materials. Membrane surrounding it is called a tonoplast. Plants have a large, central one.

H) flagella

  1. site of rRNA production in nucleus I) Golgi body
  2. rod-like structures that package the DNA into neat, discrete units; play role in cell division J) lysosomes
  3. used for movement, and to move material past cell. Beat back and forth like little oars K) microfilament
  4. site of lipid synthesis L) microtubule
  5. appearance due to being peppered with ribosomes; this membranous network receives the just-synthesized protein and may modify it

M) mitochondria

  1. the "brain" of the cell N) nucleolus
  2. this organelle has a double membrane and converts glucose and O 2 to produce energy in the form of ATP O) nucleus
  3. enclose plant cells. Strong cellulose fibers give rigidity P) plastids
  4. small organelles in plants that contain pigments or store starch Q) ribosome
  5. small membranous spheres that transport materials around cell, out of cell via exocytosis, and into cell via endocytosis

R) rough endoplasmic reticulum

  1. made of rRNA and protein, these small, numerous organelles are the site of protein synthesis S) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  2. twin barrel like structures in animal cells that play a role in cell division; have 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules T) vacuoles
  3. whip-like structures used for movement in unicellular organisms; have 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules U) vesicle

Part C: Short Answer

  1. What component of the cell membrane causes it to have a FLUID consistency? ___________________ What component causes it to be like a mosaic? ___________________.
  2. The cristae in mitochondria are the location for ___________________involved in ___________________.
  3. List the 3 main classes of microscopes and in the box underneath, list the most important distinguishing characteristic of each type of microscope.
  4. The nucleus is enclosed by the ______________________________________, which contains ___________________ that open into the cytoplasm.
  5. The three organelles enclosed by a double membrane are:
  6. Describe the relationship between nucleoli and ribosomes:
  7. DNA within the nucleus controls what (be specific)?______________________________________
  8. Study the table below and answer the following questions: Unit of Measurement Symbol Seen By centimeter cm = 0.01 m Naked Eye millimeter mm = 0.001 m = 0.1 cm Naked Eye micrometer (^) μm = 0.000001 m = 0.001 mm light microscope nanometer (^) nm = 0.000000001 m = 0.001 μm electron microscope

Which of the cell organelle could be seen with a. the naked eye? ________________________________________________________________ b. the compound light microscope? ___________________________________________________ c. the electron microscope?_________________________________________________________ d. Most cells are between ___________________ and ___________________ in diameter.

  1. Examine the following equation; then write the word "mitochondrion" above or below the correct arrow in the reaction. Write the word "chloroplast" above or below the correct arrow.

CARBOHYDRATE + OXYGEN CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER

  1. Place these terms in the appropriate column below: centrioles, cell membrane only, cell membrane and cell wall, large central vacuole, small vacuoles only, mitochondria only, mitochondria and chloroplasts, lysosomes, plastids. Animal Plant
  1. When secretory products are transported to the cell membrane for export, a) they move enclosed in a vesicle derived from the Golgi apparatus b) they are still attached to ribosomes c) they travel directly to the cell membrane through the rough endoplasmic reticulum d) all of these

Part D - Please answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper , in full sentences****.

  1. If a tiny hole is made in a plasma membrane, it usually "heals" immediately, and no harm results. What property of the plasma membrane allows this?
  2. Lipids , small molecules , and uncharged particles pass into and out of the cell with relative ease. What characteristics of the cell membrane can be inferred from these observation?
  3. Describe the Fluid Mosaic Model of membrane structure.
  4. A continuous system of membranous channels is believed to connect the nucleus with the cell membrane. Describe the structure and function of the organelles prominent in this system.
  5. Why is the nucleus centrally positioned in most eukaryotic cells?
  6. a) Describe the structure and function of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
  7. An inherited disorder in humans results in the absence of dynein (an important structural protein) in flagella and cilia. The disease causes respiratory problems and sterility in males. What is connection between these two symptoms?
  8. What are the two main types of cells and how do they differ structurally? Hint: the answer is NOT plant and animal cells!
  9. Most animals are heterotrophs that can move. Most plants are stationary autotrophs. Explain how the differences in the structure of plant and animal cells contribute to these characteristics.
  10. What challenges face a cell that undergoes a great increase in size? How can the cell overcome these challenges?
  11. Vinblastine is a drug that interferes with the assembly of microtubules. It is widely used for chemotherapy in treating cancer patients. Suggest a hypothesis to explain how vinblastine slows tumour growth by inhibiting cell division.
  12. The Endosymbiotic Theory Of Eukaryotic Cell Origin states that mitochondria and chloroplasts were at one time independent organisms that were "enslaved", so to speak, by an ancient precursor to modern eukaryotic cells. Give some structural evidence in these two organelles that would tend to support this hypothesis.
  13. Give 3 characteristics you would expect to find in a Protein-secreting cell.