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Assignment # 4 – BIOL 2404 Lecture
Answer the following questions.
1. State the primary function of the endocrine system of the human body.
2. Match the following terms to the correct definition.
___1. Endocrine system
___2. Nervous system
___3. Hormones
___4. Glands
___5. Hypothalamus
___6. Pituitary gland
___7. Thyroid gland
___8. Parathyroid gland
___9. Adrenal medulla
___10. Adrenal cortex
___11. Ovary
___12. Testis
___13. Epinephrine
a. Creates amino acid hormones and secretes
epinephrine and norepinephrine
b. Secretes female sex hormones
c. Fight or flight response
d. Group of ductless glands that release
hormones into the circulatory system
e. Causes immediate reaction
f. Chemical substances that travel through
bloodstream & affect gland or organ
g. Secretes male sex hormones
h. Portion of the brain that controls the
pituitary gland
i. A cell or group of cells that secrete fluids
j. Creates steroid hormones and secretes
glucocorticoid and aldosterone
k. Creates amino acid hormones, secretes
thyroxin to stimulate growth
l. Master endocrine gland, linked to
hypothalamus with nerves and vessels
m. Secretes amino acid hormones and
parathyroid hormone
Select the correct answer for the following questions.
1. The posterior pituitary stores and secretes _________.
A. Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin
B. growth hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone
C. estrogen and testosterone
D. adrenaline and insulin
2. The function(s) of oxytocin is/are to ______________.
A. cause the uterus to contract
B. induce labor
C. stimulate the release of milk from mammary glands when baby is nursing.
D. all of the above
3. Growth Hormone promotes __________.
A. cell division
B. protein synthesis
C. bone growth
D. all of the above
4. In addition to thyroxine and triiodothyronine, the thyroid gland produces ________.
A. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
B. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
C. Calcitonin
D. Follicle Stimulating Hormone
5. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) ___________.
A. increases the absorption of calcium from the intestine
B. stimulates the loss of calcium to the urine by the kidneys
C. causes growth hormone to be released to the blood
D. causes blood sugar levels to decrease
6. The _________ produces the hormone melatonin.
A. pituitary gland
B. pineal gland
C. thyroid gland
D. pancreas
7. This hormone helps the kidneys absorb sodium and increases water retention by the body.
A. thymosin
B. thyroxine
C. calcitonin
D. aldosterone
8. This hormone causes ovulation and the release of testosterone.
A. luteinizing hormone
B. thyroxine
C. prolactin
D. estrogen
Complete the concept map below.
Word Bank: proteins, thrombocytes, cells, oxygen, white blood cells, erythrocytes, platelets, histamines, antibodies, leukocytes, water, neutrophils,
parasites, hemostasis, albumin, lymphocytes, eosinophils, hematopoiesis, nucleus, fibrinogen, hemoglobin
Answer the questions below.
1. Explain why type O negative blood is called the "universal donor." This includes the role of antigens on the
surface of blood cells.
2. What would be the blood type of the person with the following test results?
3. Identify these white blood cells in the slide below.
Cell A ___________________________________________
Cell B ___________________________________________
Cell C ___________________________________________
4. Complete the table below, discussing the main functions of these white blood cells.
Granulocytes
(granular
cytoplasm)
- Neutrophils
- Eosinophils
- Basophils
Agranulocytes
(lacking
granular
cytoplasm)
- Monocytes
- Lymphocytes
Match the following terms with the correct definition.
- ______ Left ventricle [A]
Valve of the heart consisting of two cusps attached by
chordae tendineae, present between the left atrium and
left ventricle
- ______ Right ventricle [B]
Receiving chamber of the heart that moves
deoxygenated blood from the vena cava
- ______ Left atrium [C]
Outgrowths of cardiac muscle that help secure
atrioventricular valves in place
- ______ Right atrium [D]
Largest vessels of the body that move deoxygenated
blood into the right atrium
- ______ Pulmonary trunk [E] Shared wall between the right and left atria
- ______ Vena Cava [F]
Receiving chamber of the heart that moves oxygenated
blood from the pulmonary veins
- ______ Aorta [G]
Valve of the heart consisting of three cusps attached by
chordae tendineae, present between the right atrium
and right ventricle
- ______ Bicuspid/Mitral [H]
Pumping chamber of the heart that moves oxygenated
blood into the aorta
- ______ Tricuspid [I]
Valve of the heart consisting of three cusps, present
between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
- ______ Aortic semilunar [J]
Vessel that moves deoxygenated blood from the right
ventricle to the lungs.
- ______ Pulmonary Semilunar [K] Shared wall between the right and left ventricles
- ______ Pulmonary veins [L]
Pumping chamber of the heart that moves
deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary trunk
- ______ Interventricular septum [M]
Valve of the heart consisting of three cusps, present
between the left ventricle and aorta
- ______ Interatrial septum [N]
Largest vessel of the body that moves oxygenated
blood from the left ventricle to systemic circulation
- ______ Papillary muscles [O]
Vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs
back to the left atrium of the heart
Match the following lymphatic system terms to the correct definition.
- _______ Cisterna chyli [A]
Empties into brachiocephalic vein at junction of right internal
jugular and subclavian veins
- ______ Bone marrow [B]
Function similar to lymph nodes but are located in the nasal
and oral cavities; adenoid, palatine and sublingual
- ______ Thymus [C]
Filter lymph from upper extremities, mammary glands and skin
of chest
- ______ Spleen [D]
Site of WBC production through hematopoiesis, immature
cells released into bloodstream
- ______ Lymph nodes [E]
Similar to plasma fluid except less protein and more lipid;
contains lymphocytes and other WBC’s
- ______ Left (thoracic) duct [F]
Filter lymph from head and neck; found mainly around the
sternocleidomastoid muscle
- ______ Right duct [G]
Main function is to protect against disease by maturing
lymphocytes using the hormone thymosin and promine
- ______ Inguinal nodes [H]
Filter lymph from lower extremities, external sex organs and
lower abdominal wall
- ______ Axillary nodes [I]
Functions as filters of lymph; contains WBC’s and antibodies
to destroy foreign materials before entering circulation
- ______ Cervical nodes [J]
Unique structure of the lymphatic system that aggregates all
lymph from lower body before merging with the left (thoracic)
duct
______ Lymph [K] Filter lymph from chest cavities and area around the lungs
______ Mesenteric nodes [L]
Functions to destroy old red blood cells; cleanse blood
plasma through phagocytosis by WBC’s found within
- ______ Tonsils [M] Filter lymph from abdominal organs
______ Abdominal nodes [N]
Receives lymph from the lower extremities and walls of the
viscera and abdominal organs; drains into left subclavian vein
- ______ Thoracic nodes [O] Filter lymph from the intestines
