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Human Resource Management (HRM) is a strategic and comprehensive approach to managing people within an organisation. It involves recruiting, hiring, training, evaluating, and rewarding employees to maximise their performance and align with the organisation’s goals. HRM also ensures compliance with labour laws, fosters a positive workplace culture, and supports employee development and well-being. By managing workforce planning, performance, compensation, and employee relations, HRM plays a vital role in organisational success. In today’s dynamic business environment, HRM is increasingly data-driven and aligned with long-term strategic planning, making it an essential function in both large corporations and small enterprises.
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Self-Instructional Material 27
Human Resource Policy
Structure
4.0 Introduction 4.1 Objectives 4.2 Personnel Policy: Characteristics 4.2.1 Meaning of Human Resource Policies 4.2.2 Need for HR Policy 4.2.3 Factors Influencing HR Policy 4.2.4 Essential Characteristics of a Sound HR Policy 4.2.5 Advantages of HR Policies 4.2.6 Principles of HR Policies 4.3 Answers to Check Your Progress Questions 4.4 Summary 4.5 Key Words 4.6 Self Assessment Questions and Exercises 4.7 Further Readings
Human resource planning is the predetermination of the future course of action chosen from a number of alternative courses of action for procuring, developing, managing, motivating, compensating, career planning, succession planning and separating the human element of enterprise. The starting point of effective human resource planning is the organisations' overall purpose or mission. Strategic plans are as unique as the organisations that develop them. In this unit, we will discuss the concept of human resource planning in detail, along with the characteristics of personnel policy.
After going through this unit, you will be able to:
Understand the concept of human resource planning Discuss the meaning of personnel policy Describe the characteristics of personnel policy
Human Resource Policy
Self-Instructional 28 Material
The dictionary meaning of ‘policy’ is a ‘plan of action’. Policy is a predetermined and accepted course of thoughts and actions established as a guide towards accepted goals and objectives. Policies are generally framed by the board of directors or the higher management. Various authorities on the subject have defined the term ‘policy’. A few definitions are reproduced here: According to Flippo, ‘A policy is a man-made rule of pre-determined course of action that is established to guide the performance of work toward the organization objectives. It is a type of standing plan that serves to guide subordinates in the execution of their tasks’. Yoder is of the opinion that, ‘Policy is a pre-determined selected course established as a guide towards accepted goals and objectives. They (policies) establish the framework of guiding principles that facilitate delegation to lower levels and permit individual managers to select appropriate tactics or programmes’. According to James Bambrick, ‘Policies are statements of the organization’s overall purposes and its objectives in the various areas with which its operations are concerned – personnel, finance, production, marketing and so on’. In the words of Calhoon, ‘Policies constitute guides to actions. They furnish the general standards or bases on which decisions are reached. Their genesis lies in an organization’s values, philosophy, concepts and principles’. From the above definitions, we can say that policies are the statements of the organization’s overall purpose and its objectives in the various areas with which its operations are concerned. 4.2.1 Meaning of Human Resource Policies
A policy is a predetermined course of action established to guide the performance of work towards accepted objectives. It is a type of a standing plan that serves to guide subordinates in the execution of their tasks. HR policies are statements of human resource objectives of an organization and provide a broad framework within which decisions on personnel matters can be made without reference to higher authorities. HR policies lay down the criteria for decision making in the field of personnel management. Thus, human resource policy is one of the policies in the organization, which lays down the decision-making criteria in line with overall purposes in the area of human resource management. An HR policy is a total commitment of the organization to act in the specified ways. We know that top management in any organization is responsible for making decisions regarding their human resources. To ensure that decisions made are consistent over a period of time, there is a need for HR policies. HR policies provide guidelines for a wide variety of employment relations in the organizations. These guidelines identify the