The kidney filters waste, balances fluids, and regulates blood pressure., Schemes and Mind Maps of Anatomy

The kidney is a vital organ that filters waste, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood, producing urine. It helps maintain electrolyte balance, regulate blood pressure, and support red blood cell production by releasing erythropoietin. The kidneys also play a key role in acid-base balance, ensuring a stable internal environment. Common kidney issues include infections, kidney stones, and chronic kidney disease, which can lead to severe complications if untreated. Maintaining kidney health requires proper hydration, a balanced diet, and avoiding excessive salt, alcohol, and medications that may cause kidney damage.