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Transitional epithelium
Description: -Resembles both stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal-basal cells cuboidal or columnar-surface cells dome shaped or squamouslike, depending on degree of organ stretch TERM 2
Function of transitional epithelium
DEFINITION 2 Function: -Stretches readily -permits distension of urinary organ by contained urine. TERM 3
location of transitional epithelia
DEFINITION 3 Lines the ureters, urinary bladder, and part of the urethra. TERM 4
Glandular Epithelia
DEFINITION 4 A gland is one or more cells that makes and secretes an aqueous fluid Classified by: Site of product releaseendocrine or exocrine Relative number of cells forming the glandunicellular (e.g., goblet cells) or multicellular TERM 5
endocrine glands
DEFINITION 5 Ductless glands Secrete hormones that travel through lymph or blood to target organs
exocrine glands
More numerous than endocrine glands Secrete products into ducts Secretions released onto body surfaces (skin) or into body cavities Examples include mucous, sweat, oil, and salivary glands TERM 7
unicellular exocrine glands
DEFINITION 7 The only important unicellular gland is the goblet cell TERM 8
multicellular exocrine glands
DEFINITION 8 Multicellular exocrine glands are composed of a duct and a secretory unit Classified according to: Duct type (simple or compound) Structure of their secretory units (tubular, alveolar, or tubuloalveolar) TERM 9
modes of secretion
DEFINITION 9 Merocrine Products are secreted by exocytosis (e.g., pancreas, sweat and salivary glands) Holocrine Products are secreted by rupture of gland cells (e.g., sebaceous glands) TERM 10
connective tissue
DEFINITION 10 Most abundant and widely distributed tissue type Four classes Connective tissue proper Cartilage Bone tissue Blood
connective tissue proper
Types: Loose connective tissue Areolar Adipose Reticular Dense connective tissue Dense regular Dense irregular Elastic TERM 17
Connective tissue proper Areolar-
DEFINITION 17 Description: Gel-like matrix with all three fiber types; cells: fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, and some white blood cells. -Loose connective tissue, areolar TERM 18
function of connective tissue proper areolar:
DEFINITION 18 Function: Wraps and cushions organs; its macrophages phagocytize bacteria; plays important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid. TERM 19
location of connective tissue proper areolar:
DEFINITION 19 Location: Widely distributed under epithelia of body, e.g., forms lamina propria of mucous membranes; packages organs; surrounds capillaries. TERM 20
connective tissue proper Adipose-
DEFINITION 20 Description: Matrix as in areolar, but very sparse; closely packed adipocytes, or fat cells, have nucleus pushed to the side by large fat droplet.
function of connective tissue proper adipose:
Function: Provides reserve food fuel; insulates against heat loss; supports and protects organs. TERM 22
location of connective tissue proper adipose:
DEFINITION 22 Location: Under skin in the hypodermis; around kidneys and eyeballs; within abdomen; in breasts. TERM 23
connective tissue proper reticular:
DEFINITION 23 Description: Network of reticular fibers in a typical loose ground substance; reticular cells lie on the network. TERM 24
function of connective tissue proper reticular:
DEFINITION 24 Function: Fibers form a soft internal skeleton (stroma) that supports other cell types including white blood cells, mast cells, and macrophages. TERM 25
location of connective tissue proper reticular:
DEFINITION 25 Location: Lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen).
connective tissue proper dense irregular
location
Location: Fibrous capsules of organs and of joints; dermis of the skin; submucosa of digestive tract. TERM 32
connective tissue proper elastic
DEFINITION 32 Description: Dense regular connective tissue containing a high proportion of elastic fibers. TERM 33
connective tissue proper elastic function
DEFINITION 33 Function: Allows recoil of tissue following stretching; maintains pulsatile flow of blood through arteries; aids passive recoil of lungs following inspiration. TERM 34
connective tissue proper elastic
location
DEFINITION 34 Location: Walls of large arteries; within certain ligaments associated with the vertebral column; within the walls of the bronchial tubes. TERM 35
3 types of cartilage
DEFINITION 35
- hyaline2. elastic3. fibrocartilage
hyaline cartilage
Description: Amorphous but firm matrix; collagen fibers form an imperceptible network; chondroblasts produce the matrix and when mature (chondrocytes) lie in lacunae. TERM 37
hyaline cartilage function
DEFINITION 37 Function: Supports and reinforces; has resilient cushioning properties; resists compressive stress. TERM 38
hyaline cartilage
location
DEFINITION 38 Location: Forms most of the embryonic skeleton; covers the ends of long bones in joint cavities; forms costal cartilages of the ribs; cartilages of the nose, trachea, and larynx. TERM 39
elastic cartilage
DEFINITION 39 Description: Similar to hyaline cartilage, but more elastic fibers in matrix. TERM 40
elastic cartilage function
DEFINITION 40 Function: Maintains the shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility.
osseous tissue (bone) function
Function: Bone supports and protects (by enclosing); provides levers for the muscles to act on; stores calcium and other minerals and fat; marrow inside bones is the site for blood cell formation (hematopoiesis). TERM 47
blood
DEFINITION 47 Description: Red and white blood cells in a fluid matrix (plasma). TERM 48
blood function
DEFINITION 48 Function: Transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, and other substances TERM 49
blood
location
DEFINITION 49 Location: Contained within blood vessels. TERM 50
nervous tissue
DEFINITION 50 Description: Neurons are branching cells; cell processes that may be quite long extend from the nucleus-containing cell body; also contributing to nervous tissue are nonirritable supporting cells
nervous tissue function
Function: Transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors and to effectors (muscles and glands) which control their activity. TERM 52
nervous tissue
location
DEFINITION 52 Location: Brain, spinal cord, and nerves. TERM 53
skeletal muscle tissue
DEFINITION 53 Description: Long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells; obvious striations. TERM 54
skeletal muscle tissue function
DEFINITION 54 Function: Voluntary movement; locomotion; manipulation of the environment; facial expression; voluntary control. TERM 55
skeletal muscle tissue
location
DEFINITION 55 Location: In skeletal muscles attached to bones or occasionally to skin.
smooth muscle tissue
location
location: Mostly in the walls of hollow organs. TERM 62
mucous membranes
DEFINITION 62 Mucosae Line body cavities open to the exterior (e.g., digestive and respiratory tracts) TERM 63
epithelial membranes
DEFINITION 63 Serous Membranes Serosaemembranes (mesothelium + areolar tissue) in a closed ventral body cavity Parietal serosae line internal body walls Visceral serosae cover internal organs
