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Anatomy and Physiology: Understanding the Human Body's Organ Systems and Functions, Quizzes of Anatomy

River Parishes Community College - Westside CampusAnatomy

An overview of anatomy and physiology, the study of body structures and their functions. It covers the six levels of organization of the body, from atoms and molecules to organ systems, and discusses the 11 major organ systems, their components, and functions. Learn about the cardiovascular, digestive, endocrine, eyes and ears sensory, immune and hematology, lymphatic, musculoskeletal, nervous, reproductive, respiratory, skin, and urinary systems.

What you will learn

  • Which organ systems are responsible for the major functions of the body?
  • How does the endocrine system regulate growth and development?
  • What are the six levels of organization in the human body?

Typology: Quizzes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 06/19/2022

courtney-bercegeay
courtney-bercegeay 🇺🇸

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1. Anatomy is the study of the body structures, while Physiology is the study of how those structures
work with the body . Gross anatomy can be studied by the naked eye . Microscopic anatomy studies
anything that needs to be studied with a microscope .
2.Six levels of organization of the body with characteristics
Chemical- atoms, molecules, sub-atomic particals
Cell-smallest independent functioning unit of living matter
Organells- encloses cytoplasm with other tiny functioning units
Tissue- group of many similar cells that work togrther
Organ-distinct structure composed of 2 or more tissues
Organ System-Group of organs that perform major functions to meet physiciolal needs of the body
3. 11 Organ systems along woth components and functions
1. Cardiovascular System-Consists of blood, heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins. Functions: Pumps
blood to and from the heart to supply oxygen to the body
2. Digestive System-Organs include mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small and
large intestine, appendix and rectum. Functions: break down food, extracts nutrients from foods and
deliver the products to the blood for dispersal to the body cells. And excretes waste products from the
body.
3. Endocrine System-Produces chemical messengers and hormones into the blood, which direct the
activities of different organ systems, regulate growth, development, and homeostasis. Organs: Thyroid
gland, Parathyroid gland, Adrenal glands, Pituitary gland, Hypothalamus, Pancreas (the part that
produces insulin and other hormones), Stomach (the cells that produce gastrin), Pineal gland, Ovaries
and Testes.
4. Eyes and Ears Sensory System-Provide vision and hearing and interpret visual and aural information
about external conditions.
5. Immune and Hematology System-Bone marrow forms new blood and immune cells. Immune cells
that fight pathogens and get rid of cancer cells. Red blood cells to carry oxygen around the body.
6. Lymphatic system-Lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus, spleen, a secondary circulatory system that helps
the body fight pathogens and maintain its fluid balance.
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Download Anatomy and Physiology: Understanding the Human Body's Organ Systems and Functions and more Quizzes Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity!

1. Anatomy is the study of the body structures, while Physiology is the study of how those structures

work with the body. Gross anatomy can be studied by the naked eye. Microscopic anatomy studies anything that needs to be studied with a microscope.

2. Six levels of organization of the body with characteristics

Chemical- atoms, molecules, sub-atomic particals Cell-smallest independent functioning unit of living matter Organells- encloses cytoplasm with other tiny functioning units Tissue- group of many similar cells that work togrther Organ-distinct structure composed of 2 or more tissues Organ System-Group of organs that perform major functions to meet physiciolal needs of the body

3. 11 Organ systems along woth components and functions

  1. Cardiovascular System-Consists of blood, heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins. Functions: Pumps blood to and from the heart to supply oxygen to the body
  2. Digestive System-Organs include mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small and large intestine, appendix and rectum. Functions: break down food, extracts nutrients from foods and deliver the products to the blood for dispersal to the body cells. And excretes waste products from the body.
  3. Endocrine System-Produces chemical messengers and hormones into the blood, which direct the activities of different organ systems, regulate growth, development, and homeostasis. Organs: Thyroid gland, Parathyroid gland, Adrenal glands, Pituitary gland, Hypothalamus, Pancreas (the part that produces insulin and other hormones), Stomach (the cells that produce gastrin), Pineal gland, Ovaries and Testes.
  4. Eyes and Ears Sensory System-Provide vision and hearing and interpret visual and aural information about external conditions.
  5. Immune and Hematology System-Bone marrow forms new blood and immune cells. Immune cells that fight pathogens and get rid of cancer cells. Red blood cells to carry oxygen around the body.
  6. Lymphatic system-Lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus, spleen, a secondary circulatory system that helps the body fight pathogens and maintain its fluid balance.
  1. Musculoskeletal System-Muscles, Bones, Joints, Tendons and ligaments. Provides structure, support for other tissues and allows motion of the body.
  2. Nervous System-Brain, Nerves, Spinal Cord, the body’s speedy, electrochemical communication system, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems. Enables thinking, self-awareness, and emotions.
  3. Reproductive System-Organ system which functions in creating offspring (penis, prostate gland, seminal vesicles, vas deferens and testes in males; ovaries, uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes and vagina in females)
  4. Respiratory System-Responsible for breathing. Parts: Lungs, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs and diaphragm. Adds oxygen to the blood (and removes carbon dioxide from the blood).
  5. Skin System-Organ system that includes hair, skin and the underlying structures of connective tissue, including fat, glands, and blood vessels and nails. Skin provides barrier protection between the inside of the body and the external environment. And provides sensory information and regulates body temperature.
  6. Urinary System-Consisting of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Function: Filters waste electrolyte balance.

4. Movement - they can move and change their position.

Reproduction – they can make more of the same kind of organism as themselves. Sensitivity – they can detect or sense stimuli and respond to them. Growth - they can permanently increase their size or dry mass by increasing the number or size of their cells. Respiration – they can create chemical reactions that break down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy. Excretion – they can excrete toxic materials, waste products of metabolism, and excess substances. Nutrition - they can take in and absorb nutrients such as organic substances and mineral ions.

These nutrients contain the raw materials or energy needed for growth and tissue repair.

5. Homeostasis is the steady steady state of internal condition maintained by living organisms. Negative

feedback changes a variable back to it’s original value and is constantly adjusting within the body. If your temperature is to high, a negative feedback loop works to lower it. If your temperature is low, it will bring it back up. It’s a balancing act .Positive feedback only occurs in certain situations and has an ending, it does not constantly adjust. If you get a cut, a positive feedback loop works to heal it, then it stops. If you go into labor, the loop continues until you deliver, then it’s over and you go back to your original state. Think if you weren’t pregnant but felt like you were in labor all the time. Luckily, we have