17.1 - Waves
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Mechanical Waves: Transverse, Longitudinal, and Surface Waves, Lecture notes of Particle Physics
An overview of mechanical waves, explaining their creation, the role of the medium, and the three types: transverse, longitudinal, and surface waves. Transverse waves cause the medium to vibrate perpendicular to the wave's direction, while longitudinal waves have vibrations parallel to the direction. Surface waves travel along a medium's surface, transporting objects in circular motion. Examples and assessment questions are included.
Typology: Lecture notes
2021/2022
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17.1 - Waves
Mechanical Waves A disturbance in matter that carries energy from one place to another.
Medium
The material though which a wave travels.
- Medium can be any three states of matter: solid, liquid or gas
Waves
Transverse Waves A wave that causes the medium to vibrate at right angles to the direction in which the waves travels.
Crest The highest point of the wave above the rest position.
Trough The lowest point of the wave below the rest position.
Transverse Waves
Transverse Waves
a. Crest b. Trough c. Direction of Wave d. Rest Position Line
Longitudinal Waves A wave in which the vibration of the medium is parallel to the direction to the direction the waves travel.
Compression An area where the particles in a medium are spaced closed together.
Rarefaction An area where the particles in a medium are spread out.
Longitudinal Waves
Longitudinal Waves
a. Compression b. Rarefaction c. Direction of Wave
Surface Waves A wave that travels along a surface separating two media.
- A surface wave transports an object in a circular motion.
Surface Waves
Surface Waves Examples:
- Ocean Waves
- A bobber floating in the ocean
Surface Waves
17.1 Assessment Questions
- How are transverse and longitudinal waves alike?
- How are transverse and longitudinal waves different?