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Trauma Nurse Specialist 2014 | NURS - Applied Clinical Concepts, Quizzes of Clinical Medicine

Class: NURS - Applied Clinical Concepts; Subject: Nursing; University: Methodist College of Nursing; Term: Forever 1989;

Typology: Quizzes

2013/2014

Uploaded on 11/07/2014

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TERM 1
3 TYPES OF
AMPUTATION
DEFINITION 1
1. cut2. crush3. avulsion
TERM 2
5 Functions of the skeletal system
DEFINITION 2
1. support2. protection3. mobility4. metabolic5.
hematopiesis
TERM 3
5 Bone shapes
DEFINITION 3
1. long2. short3. flat4. irregular5. sesamoid
TERM 4
Tendons
DEFINITION 4
connective tissue that attach muscle to bone
TERM 5
Cartilage
DEFINITION 5
Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue joints between bones,
the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the bronchial tubes and the
intervertebral discs.
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3 TYPES OF

AMPUTATION

1. cut2. crush3. avulsion

TERM 2

5 Functions of the skeletal system

DEFINITION 2

1. support2. protection3. mobility4. metabolic5.

hematopiesis

TERM 3

5 Bone shapes

DEFINITION 3

1. long2. short3. flat4. irregular5. sesamoid

TERM 4

Tendons

DEFINITION 4

connective tissue that attach muscle to bone

TERM 5

Cartilage

DEFINITION 5

Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue joints between bones,

the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the bronchial tubes and the

intervertebral discs.

Ligament

In anatomy, a ligament is the fibrous tissue that connects

bones to other bones

TERM 7

Periosteum

DEFINITION 7

outer membrane of bone with blood vessels

TERM 8

Diaphysis

DEFINITION 8

The diaphysis is the main or midsection (shaft) of a long

bone. It is made up of cortical bone and usually contains

bone marrow and adipose tissue (fat).

TERM 9

Epiphysis

DEFINITION 9

The epiphysis is the rounded end of a long bone, at its joint

with adjacent bone(s). Between the epiphysis and diaphysis

(the long midsection of the long bone) lies the metaphysis,

including the epiphyseal plate (growth plate).

TERM 10

Medullary Canal

DEFINITION 10

The medullary cavity is the central cavity of bone shafts

where red bone marrow and/or yellow bone marrow (adipose

tissue) is stored; hence, the medullary cavity is also known as

the marrow cavity.

reasons for hypotension from open pelvic

fracture

pelvis has a rich blood supply, frequently injured vessels

includes the external and internal iliacs, common femoral,

iliolumbar, lateral sacral, internal,

TERM 17

when does a trauma surgeon have to be

available in a level 1 trauma center

DEFINITION 17

immediate response

TERM 18

When does a neurosurgeon have to be

available for a Level 1 trauma center

DEFINITION 18

with in 60 minutes with a fully staffed OF

TERM 19

What physicians can be on call and arrive

within 30 minutes to a trauma if needed for a

Level 1 trauma center

DEFINITION 19

1. cardithoracic surgeon2 OB3. Pediatric surgery or by

transfer agreement

TERM 20

Physicians on-call and can arrive within 60

minutes of notification for a Level 1 trauma

center

DEFINITION 20

-orthopedic-vascular-ophthalmic-Oral-Dental-

otorhinolaryngologic-plastic/maxillofacial-urologic-

reimplantations services or a transfer agreement-

neurosurgery

How many trauma nurses on shift at a time

One TNS per shift with a back up planof a nurse with 4 hours

or more of trauma trainingOr 2 TNS with a back up plan

TERM 22

When do surgeons need to be at the patient

after called for a level 2 trauma center

DEFINITION 22

within 60 minutes

TERM 23

what is the time frame a patient must be

determined to be level 1 or 2 after arrival to

the trauma center

DEFINITION 23

within 10 minutes

TERM 24

Criteria for category 1 patient's

DEFINITION 24

1. blunt or penetrating trauma with unstable vital signs and or2.

hemodynamic compromise as evidenced by:-BP< or = 90 systolic (peds

BP 80)-respiratory compromise as evidenced by RR <10 or > 29- altered

mentation as evidenced by GCS < or = 103. Anatomical injury:

penetrating injury of head, neck, torso, grointwo or more body regions

with potential life or limb threatscombination of traumas with >= 20%

burn, amputation above the ankle, limb paralysis and/or sensory deficit

above the wrist and ankle, flail chest, two or more proximal long bone

fractures 4. any pt based on the ED physicians direction

TERM 25

Criteria for category 2 trauma patient's

DEFINITION 25

1. mechanism of injurya. ejection from a motor vehicleb.

death in same passenger compartmentc. falls >20 feet (peds

three times body length of child)d. pregnancy >= 24 weeks

Radial Pulse = what is the blood pressure

SBP =

TERM 32

What is the best indicator of central perfusion

DEFINITION 32

Level of consciousness

TERM 33

what are the H's for PEA

DEFINITION 33

hypoxemiahypothermiahypovolemiahypovolemiahypo/hyperkale

ion (acisosis)hypoglycemia

TERM 34

What are the T's for

PEA

DEFINITION 34

toxinsthrombosistamponadetraumatension pneumothorax

TERM 35

Cardiogenic Shock

DEFINITION 35

Cardiogenic shock is based upon an inadequate circulation of

blood due to primary failure of the ventricles of the heart to

function effectively.it is pump failure (may occur secondary

to any form of shock)

Hemorrhagic shock

loss of whole blood

TERM 37

Hypovolemic

DEFINITION 37

loss of plasma only, eg, burns

TERM 38

Neurogenic Shock

DEFINITION 38

Massive vasodilation due to loss of SNS below level of injury

in high spinal cord injury

TERM 39

massive hemothorax = how many ml

DEFINITION 39

1500 ml or greater

TERM 40

commotio cordis

DEFINITION 40

Commotio cordis is an often lethal disruption of heart rhythm

that occurs as a result of a blow to the area directly over the

heart (the precordial region), at a critical time during the

cycle of a heart beat causing cardiac arrest.

anaerobic process

body shunts blood to the vital organs causes vasodialation,

capillary washout, hypoxia, hypotension and organ failure

TERM 47

These two substances accumulate to create

acidosis

DEFINITION 47

lactic acid and CO

TERM 48

Explain shift to the right

DEFINITION 48

cell gives up oxygen with rapid respirations to create alkaline

TERM 49

How many moles of ATP with anaerobic

metabolism

DEFINITION 49

2 moles of ATP

TERM 50

What is transcapularyrefill

DEFINITION 50

as increased osmotic pressure gradient in the vessels causes

water to move from the interstitial compartment to the

intravascular space.

Capillary washout

tissue acidosis causes relaxation of post-capillary sphincters,

releasing lactic acid, carbon dioxide and columns of

coagulation red blood cells into the venous circulations.

TERM 52

Vascular Phase (clotting process)

DEFINITION 52

during this phase of the clotting process the blood vessel

smooth muscle contract, reducing the diameter of the vessel

lumen

TERM 53

What are the risk factors for DIC, ARDS, or

SIRS

DEFINITION 53

Transfusion of multiple units of bloodadministration of

cryoprecipitateshockpancreatitisburnsaspirationeclampsia

TERM 54

Schwan ganze Cathater

DEFINITION 54

determines function of the left heart

TERM 55

Central Venous catheters

DEFINITION 55

right pulmonary vessel

Most common Mechanism of injury for elderly

MVA

TERM 62

What are three increased risks for elderly

patients

DEFINITION 62

hypothermia hypotensioninfection

TERM 63

immediate life-threats to be found during the

"B" phase

DEFINITION 63

tension pneumothoraxopen pneumothoraxflail chest

TERM 64

landmark for needle decompression

DEFINITION 64

2nd - 3rd intercostal space at the midclavicular lin on the

injured side

TERM 65

preferred placement for chest tube

DEFINITION 65

between 4th and 5th intercostal space in the triangle of

saftey between the mid axillary and anterior axillary line.

mechanism of death with an open

pneumothorax

impaired gas exchange and hypoxiema

TERM 67

what is the immediate resuscitative

intervention for and open pneumothorax

DEFINITION 67

cover with a gloved hand and place a bioclusive dressing

over it. Dressing should be 3 to 4 times the defect. place on

oxygen give pain medication

TERM 68

what is the potential life threat that is created

when treating an open pneumothorax

DEFINITION 68

tension pneumothorax

TERM 69

3 clinical signs of progressive fatigue and

deterioration that should prompt incubation

and mechanical ventilation in the patient with

a flail chest

DEFINITION 69

respiratory rate fo >35 or < 8 bpmPaO2 <60mmHg @ FiO

>50%PaCo2 or ETCO > 50 mmHg @ FiO2> 50%vital

capacity < 15 ml/kg

TERM 70

most common cause of periodical

tamponade

DEFINITION 70

penetrating trauma

management for pericardial tamponade

pericardiocentsis is temporary thoracotomy is needed

TERM 77

5 indication sfor urgent exploratory

thoracotomy in the presence of a massive

hemothorax

DEFINITION 77

>1500ml of blood is evacuated after initial chest tube

insertion>200 ml/hour of blood is drained for 2 to 4

hourspenitration anterior chest wound medical to the nipple

line and posterior wounds medial to the

scapulahemodynamic instability evidenced by b/p <

despite aggresive blood volume resusitation

TERM 78

injuries associated with fractures of 1st and

2nd ribs

DEFINITION 78

neck and great vessel injury

TERM 79

simple pneumothorax from blunt chest

trauma

DEFINITION 79

loss of pleural integrity allows air into plural space resulting in

partial to total collapse of the lung on the affected side due to its

natural elastic recoil. Collection of air, fluid, or blood in the pleural

space can also cause the plura pressure to become positive

causing inappropriate ventilation. Loss of negative pressure causes

the collapse

TERM 80

what is the mechanism of injury and site of

the injury for blunt injury to the aorta? (BAI)

DEFINITION 80

shearing forcescompression of the aorta great vessel

interalumal HTN, stress on teh ligimentus arterousm

Neck zone 1

base line of the neck from the clavicles to the cricoid

cartilage

TERM 82

Neck zone 2

DEFINITION 82

area between cricoid cartilage to teh inferior border of the

mandible

TERM 83

Neck zone 3

DEFINITION 83

the inferior boarder of the mandible to the base of the skull

TERM 84

List hard signs of penetrating neck injury

DEFINITION 84

(you can see/hear these signs)activebleeding, large

expanding hematoma, distal ischemia and /or bruitt/thrill

TERM 85

List soft signs of penetrating neck injury

DEFINITION 85

shock responding to fluid resuscitation, a small hematoma,

associated nerver injuries, dyspena, subcutaneous

emphysemia, hoarseness, dysphagia

Crhonotropic effect

increases heart rate

TERM 92

What electrolyte is responsible for

depolization fo the electrical conduction

system

DEFINITION 92

sodium

TERM 93

which electrolyte is responsible for ventricular

depolarization

DEFINITION 93

calcium

TERM 94

which electrolyte is responsible for ventricular

repolarization

DEFINITION 94

potassium increased potassium = decreased heart

ratedecreased potassium = irritability

TERM 95

ECG wave that represents atrial

depolarization

DEFINITION 95

P wave

the interval that represents from the

beginning of the atrial depolarization though

the beginning of ventricular depolarization

PR interval

TERM 97

3 effects alcohol abuse may have on

myocardium

DEFINITION 97

cardio myopathyflacid muscle tone

TERM 98

sarcomere

DEFINITION 98

contractile unit of the heart elements bridge and slide

together to cause fiber shorting (sliding theory)

TERM 99

what two major filaments must cross bridge

to cause a cardiac contraction

DEFINITION 99

actin: two filaments -groovemyosin: one thick filament-

bridge (ball attached)

TERM 100

myosin

DEFINITION 100

Myosins comprise a family of ATP-dependent motor proteins

and are best known for their role in muscle contraction and

their involvement in a wide range of other eukaryotic motility

processes.