Types of joints
•Ball and Socket Joints
•Here, one bone is hooked into the hollow
space of another bone. This type of joint helps
in rotatory movement. An example ball and
socket joint are the shoulders.
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An overview of various types of joints in the human body, including ball and socket, pivotal, hinge, saddle, condyloid, and gliding joints. Each type is described in detail, along with examples and movements associated with them. Additionally, the document covers different types of body movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and more.
What you will learn
- What is an example of a condyloid joint in the human body?
- What is the difference between a pivotal and hinge joint?
- How does a ball and socket joint function?
- What are the different types of joints in the human body?
- What movements are associated with a saddle joint?
Typology: Schemes and Mind Maps
2021/2022
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Types of joints
- Ball and Socket Joints
- Here, one bone is hooked into the hollow
space of another bone. This type of joint helps in rotatory movement. An example ball and socket joint are the shoulders.
Hinge Joints
- Hinge joints are like door hinges, where only
back and forth movement is possible. Example of hinge joints is the ankle, elbows, and knee joints
Saddle Joints
- Saddle joint is the biaxial joint that allows the
movement on two planes–flexion/extension and abduction/adduction. For example, the thumb is the only bone in the human body having a saddle joint.
Gliding Joints
- Gliding joints are a common type of synovial joint. It is also known as a plane or planar joint. This joint permit two or more round or flat bones to move freely together without any rubbing or crushing of bones. This joint is mainly found in those regions where the two bones meet and glide on one another in any of the directions. The lower leg to the ankle joint and the forearm to wrist joint are the two main examples of gliding joints.
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Body Movements
Flexion – bending a body part
Extension – straightening a body part
Hyperextension – extending a body part past the normal anatomical position
Dorsiflexion – pointing the toes up
Plantar flexion – pointing the toes down
Abduction – moving a body part away from the anatomical position
Adduction – moving a body part toward the anatomical position
Figure of BodyMovements
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Body Movements (cont.)
Circumduction – moving a body part in a circle
Pronation – turning the palm of the hand down
Supination – turning the palm of the hand up
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Body Movements (cont.)
Inversion – turning the sole of the foot medially
Eversion – turning the sole of the foot laterally
Retraction – moving a body part posteriorly
Protraction – moving a body part anteriorly