Types of Research, Slides of Technical Writing

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Types of Research

DANILO V. ROGAYAN JR.

Kinds and classifications of research

• Researches are classified according to the following criteria: - According to Purpose - According to Goal - According to the Level of Investigations - According to the Types of Analysis - According to Scope - According to Choice of Answers to Problems - According to Statistical Content - According to Time Allotment - According to the Types and Kinds of Research

According to Goal

• Fundamental or basic research. This type of research aims to develop theories and often leads to knowledge for knowledge’ sake. It is often carried on in a laboratory or some other sterile environment. It has no immediate or planned application and may later result to further research of an applied nature.

According to Goal

• Applied research. Its purpose is improving a product or a process—testing theoretical concepts in actual problem situations. Most educational research is applied research, for its attempts to develop generalizations about teaching- learning processes, instructional materials, the behavior of children and ways to modify it and so on.

According to the Level of Investigations

• Exploratory. This study of variables pertinent to a specific situation.
• Descriptive. This study of the relationship of variables.
• Experimental. This type of research studies the effects of variables on each other.

According to the Types of Analysis

• Analytic Approach - identification and isolation of components of a research situation.
• Holistic Approach – beginning with the total situation, focusing on the system and its internal relationships

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

• presents non-quantitative type of analysis
• the nature of this type of research is exploratory and open ended
• it refers to meanings, definitions, characteristics, symbols, metaphors and description of things.
• It is more SUBJECTIVE

1. Case Study

• Studies and individual or small group of individuals with an unusual condition or situation
• Case studies are typically clinical in scope
• Examples:
  • Clinical studies on psychological
  • behavior of patients
  • Suicide tendencies

2. Grounded Theory Research

• A research method that operates almost in a reverse fashion from traditional research abd appears to contradict scientific method.
• Four Stages 1. Codes – identifying factors that allow the key points of the data to be gathered 2. Concepts – collections of codes of similar content that allows the data to be grouped 3. Categories – broad groups of similar concepts that are used to generate a theory 4. Theories – collection of explanations that explain the subject of the research

3. Phenomenological Research

• Describes the structures of experience as they present themselves to consciousness, without recourse to theory, deduction, or assumptions from other disciplines
• Its aim is to describe an experience as it is actually lived by the person
• Concerned with the study of experience from the perspective of the individual, ‘bracketing’ taken-for-granted assumptions and usual ways of perceiving.