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Forearm Anatomy: Muscles, Nerves, and Vessels in Anterior & Posterior Compartments, Exams of Anatomy

DigiPen Institute of Technology Anatomy

An in-depth exploration of the anatomy of the forearm, focusing on the structures within the anterior and posterior compartments. the deep fascia, septa, muscles (superficial and deep), vessels (radial and ulnar), and nerves (median and ulnar). Each muscle is described in terms of its origin, course, insertion, nerve supply, and action.

What you will learn

Which nerves and vessels pass through the forearm compartments?
What are the functions of the superficial and deep flexor muscles in the forearm?
What structures invest the forearm compartments?

How do the muscles of the anterior and posterior compartments contribute to forearm function?
What muscles are located in the anterior and posterior compartments of the forearm?

Typology: Exams

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

beatryx 🇺🇸

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Forearm

Two Compartments

Anterior (flexor) Compartment

Posterior (extensor) compartment

Invested by deep fascia

Attached to olecranon & post. Border of ulna

Sending no. of septa

Deep fascia –thichened to form Fexor and Extensor

Retnaculum close to wrist to retain digital

tendons in position

Partial preview of the text

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Forearm

Two Compartments

Anterior (flexor) Compartment

Posterior (extensor) compartment

Invested by deep fasciaAttached to olecranon & post. Border of ulnaSending no. of septaDeep fascia –thichened to form Fexor and Extensor

Retnaculum close to wrist to retain digitaltendons in position

Anterior (Flexor) Compartment

demarcated from post. compartment Medially Olecranon process and post. border of Ulna Laterally by anterior border of radius

Floor of Anterior Compartment

Ant. Surface of Radius• Ant. and Medial surfaces of Ulna• Interosseous Membrane

(Fibres – downwards & medially)

Flexor Muscles of the Forearm

Superficial flexors

Five(5) in number common origin -- medial epicondyle of HumerusAll crosses Elbow Joint

Pronator TeresFlexor Carpi RadialisPalmaris LongusFlexor Carpi UlnarisFlexor Digitorum Superficialis

Muscles with additional origin – PT, FCU, FDS

Deep Flexors

Three(3) in numberOrigin confined to radius and Ulna

Flexor Pollicis Longus• Flexor Digitorum Profundus• Pronator Quadratus

Pronator Teres

Origin

by Humeral (Superficial) And Ulnar (deep) Heads

Humeral Head

Lower Part of medial supracondylar ridge

And ant. And lower part of medial epicondyle

Ulnar Head

medial border of coronoid process of ulna

Course

two heads join ,proceed downward and laterallyforming medial boundary of cubital fossa median nerve passes in b/w two heads

Insertion

by a flat tendon to the middle of the lateral surface of Radius

N. Supply median nerve , before it pass b/w two heads

Flexor Carpi Radialis Origin

Medial epicondyle

from adjoining deep fascia

Course Form fusiform bellyform tendon in middle of forearmAt wristaccompanied by tendon of brachioradialislaterallyradial artery intervenes in b/w two tendonsPerforates Fl. Retinaculum Insertion Palmer surface of base of second and thirdmetacarpal bones Nerve supply Median nerve Action Flexor of wristAlong with ECRL & ECRB – abduction of wrist

Palmaris longusOrigin

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Course

Long tendonPasses in front of flexor retinaculum

Insertion

Continues as central part of Palmer aponeurosis

Nerve Supply

Median Nerve

Action

Weak flexor of wrist

Flexor digitorum

Superficialis

Origin Two headsHumero-ulnar

Medial epicondyle of humerus andmedial margin of coronoid process

Radial head

Whole length of ant. Oblique lineof radius

Course Form four tendons above wrist

Nerve supply Median nerve

arranged in superficial (mostlyradial) and deep group of twoeachPasses below fl. Retinaculum anddiverge in palmSuperficial – for middle and ringfingerDeep – for index and ring finger

Deep Flexors

►

Flexor Pollicis Longus

►

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

►

Pronator Quadratus

Flexor Poliicis Longus

Origin Ant. Surface of shaft of radius belowanterior oblique lineand adjoining Interosseous membranePasses below Fl. Retinaculum Insertion Palmer surface of base of distal phalanx ofthumb Nerve supply Ant. Interosseous branch Of Median Nerve Action Flexor of Thumb

Course Form four tendonsRemain united except the tendonfor index fingerPasses deep to flexor retinaculumDiverge in palmPasses in b/w slips of superficialisGive origin to four lumbricals

Insertion Palmer surface of base of terminal (distal) phalanx of medial four fingers Nerve Supply Medial part- Ulnar nerveLatreral part - Ant. Interosseous branch Of Median Nerve Action

Flexes terminal phalanx

Action

Superficial fibres

principal pronators

Deep fibres

prevent separation oftwo bones on thurst

Functional Classification of Flexor Muscles Flexors of Wrist

Forearm Anatomy: Muscles, Nerves, and Vessels in Anterior & Posterior Compartments, Exams of Anatomy

Related documents

Partial preview of the text

Download Forearm Anatomy: Muscles, Nerves, and Vessels in Anterior & Posterior Compartments and more Exams Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity!

Forearm

Two Compartments

Anterior (flexor) Compartment

Posterior (extensor) compartment

Invested by deep fasciaAttached to olecranon & post. Border of ulnaSending no. of septaDeep fascia –thichened to form Fexor and Extensor

Retnaculum close to wrist to retain digitaltendons in position

demarcated from post. compartment Medially Olecranon process and post. border of Ulna Laterally by anterior border of radius

(Fibres – downwards & medially)

Superficial flexors

Five(5) in number common origin -- medial epicondyle of HumerusAll crosses Elbow Joint

Pronator TeresFlexor Carpi RadialisPalmaris LongusFlexor Carpi UlnarisFlexor Digitorum Superficialis

Muscles with additional origin – PT, FCU, FDS

Deep Flexors

Three(3) in numberOrigin confined to radius and Ulna

Origin

Course

Insertion

N. Supply median nerve , before it pass b/w two heads

Origin Two headsHumero-ulnar

Course Form four tendons above wrist

Nerve supply Median nerve

Deep Flexors

Flexor Pollicis Longus

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Pronator Quadratus

Flexor Poliicis Longus

Origin Ant. Surface of shaft of radius belowanterior oblique lineand adjoining Interosseous membranePasses below Fl. Retinaculum Insertion Palmer surface of base of distal phalanx ofthumb Nerve supply Ant. Interosseous branch Of Median Nerve Action Flexor of Thumb

Course Form four tendonsRemain united except the tendonfor index fingerPasses deep to flexor retinaculumDiverge in palmPasses in b/w slips of superficialisGive origin to four lumbricals

Insertion Palmer surface of base of terminal (distal) phalanx of medial four fingers Nerve Supply Medial part- Ulnar nerveLatreral part - Ant. Interosseous branch Of Median Nerve Action

Action

•Fl. Carpi Radialis•Fl. Carpi Ulnaris

Flexors of Middle Phalanges

•Fl. Digitorum Superficialis

Flexors of Distal Phalanges

•Fl. Digitorum Profundus•Fl. Pollicis Longus

Pronator of the Forearm

•Pronator Teres•Pronator Quadratus