Understanding Role of Culture - International Management - Lecture Slides, Slides of International Management

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Understanding The Role Of

Culture

• Culture
• Premise that one nation equals one society, not necessarily true
• Collective programming of a group of people. Learned norms based

on attitudes, values, and beliefs

• Management implications of Behavioral Attributes of Culture

Hofstede’s Cultural Dimension of Values (cont.)

• Collectivism/individuality
  • Collectivism is the tendency of people to belong to groups and to look after each other in exchange for loyalty.
  • Individualism is the tendency for people to look after themselves and their immediate family. Masculinity a society in which dominant values are success, money and things Femininity a situation in which dominant values are caring for others and the quality of life.

Trompenaars’ Cultural Dimension

• Universalism vs. Particularism
  • Universalism is the belief that ideas and practices can be applied everywhere without modification. Particularism is the belief that circumstances dictate how ideas and practices should be applied.
• Individualism vs. Communitarianism
  • People referring to themselves as individuals as apposed to seeing themselves as part of a group.
• Neutral vs. Emotional
  • In a neutral culture emotions are held in check but in emotional cultures emotions are openly and naturally expressed.
• Specific/Diffuse
  • In a specific culture individuals have a large public space they readily share and a small private space that is guarded closely and shared with few people. In a diffuse culture both public and private space are similar and individuals guard their public space carefully.

Project GLOBE Cultural Dimension

• Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness.
• Some GLOBE Dimensions
  • Assertiveness
  • Future Orientation
  • Performance Orientation
  • Humane Orientation
  • Gender Differentiation

Behavioral Attributes of Culture

• Group Affiliation: Acquired Vs. Ascribed
• Meaning of Work; Motivation, Leadership Styles
• Beliefs about Success, Locus of Control, Achievement, Ethics etc......
• Managerial Implications of Above.
  • Decision making, centralization vs. decentralization, rewards, formal

vs. informal procedures, short term vs. long term, reward systems