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Deindustrialization
The decline of industrial production that occurred in the United States after about 1950. TERM 2
Globalization
DEFINITION 2 The expansion of economic activity around the world with little regard for national borders. TERM 3
Primary Labor Market
DEFINITION 3 Jobs that provide good pay and extensive benefits to workers. TERM 4
Secondary Labor Market
DEFINITION 4 Jobs that provide low pay and few benefits to workers. TERM 5
Alienation (Marx)
DEFINITION 5 Powerlessness in the workplace resulting in the experience of isolation and misery.
Alienation (Weber)
A rational focus on efficiency, which causes depressionalizationthroughout society, including the workplace. TERM 7
Rationalization of Society
DEFINITION 7 The historical change from traditional to rationality and efficiency as the typical way people think about the world. TERM 8
McDonaldization
DEFINITION 8 Defining work in terms of the principles of efficiency, predictability, uniformity, and automation. TERM 9
Labor Unions
DEFINITION 9 Worker organizations that seek to improvewages and working conditions through various strategies, including negotiations and strikes. TERM 10
Telecommuting
DEFINITION 10 Linking employees to a central office usinginformation technology, including telephones, computers, and the internet.
What are some Dangers to Workers in the
Workforce?
- Mining inhaling coal dust = respiratory problems = death
- Farming exposed to toxic chemicals child labor laws inapplicable = high risk of injury and death
- Toxic Substances and Radiation found in factory and production facilities at risk for leukemia or other cancers
- Workplace Violence TERM 17
What are the 2 Workplace Alienation
Viewpoints?
DEFINITION 17
- Marx's View sees problem as the capitalist owners of production exploiting working people
- Weber's View sees problem as rationality, which makes production highly efficient but strips away concern for our humanity TERM 18
George Ritzer (1993, 1998)
DEFINITION 18 Concept for McDonaldization 1. Efficiency tries to serve food quickly and easily 2.Predictability prepares all food the sameway using set formulas 3.Uniformity serves meals that look and taste the same in all restaurants 4.Automation precisely control production process, minimizing human decision making TERM 19
"McJobs"
DEFINITION 19 Doing a series of simple tasks such as pushing a button on a computer or other machine that the worker repeats over and over essentially humans become robots for their work periods TERM 20
"Temps"
DEFINITION 20 People who hold jobs that are formally defined as temporary. low wages have no say about their job job security not gaurenteed
Discouraged Workers
People who initially look for work but give up without finding a job. TERM 22
Frances Fox Piven and Richard Cloward
DEFINITION 22 Argue when theeconomy is weak, the government has little choice but to expand welfare assistance if only to keep people from rising against the system. Welfare Reform of 1996 provides support for their theory TERM 23
What might be considered a "hidden injury" of
unemployment?
DEFINITION 23 Carrying the stigma of personal failure. TERM 24
"Card Check" or "Majority Sign-up"
DEFINITION 24 If a majority of workers in a planor other bargainingsign cards saying that they want a union, a union will be formed, and it will include all workers. not yet law and controversial TERM 25
Structural-Functional Analysis
DEFINITION 25 Suggests that the disruption of past economic patterns eventually brings a new social order.
intellectual skills required to manipulate
symbols.
A century ago, workers needed to develop the manual, industrial skills required for making things; today, workers in the postindustrial economy must develop the? TERM 32
institutional discrimination
DEFINITION 32 Which term refers to bias built into the operation of the economy, education, and other social institutions?
