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Circadian Rhythm and Sleep: Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Psychology

Arkansas State University (ASU) - Beebe Psychology

Definitions for various terms related to circadian rhythm and sleep, including wakefulness, sleep stages, sleep disorders, learning theories, and memory processes. It covers concepts such as beta and alpha waves, sleep spindles, delta waves, insomnia, narcolepsy, sleep apnea, somnambulism, nightmares, night terrors, classical conditioning, operant conditioning, observational learning, and working memory.

Typology: Quizzes

2009/2010

Uploaded on 10/19/2010

bigd90
bigd90 🇺🇸

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TERM 1
Circardian Rhythm
DEFINITION 1
24-hour biological cycles found in humans and many other
species. They are influential in the regulation of sleep, and
also impact rhythmic variations in blood pressure, urine
production, hormonal secretions and other physical functions
as well as alertness, short-term memory, and other aspects
of cognitive performance.
TERM 2
Awake
DEFINITION 2
Beta waves
TERM 3
Drowsy
DEFINITION 3
Alpha waves
TERM 4
Stage 1
Sleep
DEFINITION 4
Theta waves
TERM 5
Stage 2
Sleep
DEFINITION 5
sleep spindles and mixed EEG activity
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Download Circadian Rhythm and Sleep: Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!

Circardian Rhythm

24-hour biological cycles found in humans and many other

species. They are influential in the regulation of sleep, and

also impact rhythmic variations in blood pressure, urine

production, hormonal secretions and other physical functions

as well as alertness, short-term memory, and other aspects

of cognitive performance.

TERM 2

Awake

DEFINITION 2

Beta waves

TERM 3

Drowsy

DEFINITION 3

Alpha waves

TERM 4

Stage 1

Sleep

DEFINITION 4

Theta waves

TERM 5

Stage 2

Sleep

DEFINITION 5

sleep spindles and mixed EEG activity

Stage 3 & 4

Sleep

Delta waves - aka slow-wave sleep

TERM 7

REM sleep

DEFINITION 7

low voltage high frequency sleep -- for learning and memory

TERM 8

nonREM

Sleep

DEFINITION 8

for physical recoup

TERM 9

Insomnia

DEFINITION 9

chronic problems in getting adequate sleep 1. difficulty

falling asleep 2. difficulty remaining asleep 3. persistent

early morning awakening

TERM 10

Narcolepsy

DEFINITION 10

a disease arked by sudden and irresistable onsets of sleep

during normal waking periods. People can go straight from

awake to REM sleep for about 10-20 minutes at a time

Classical Conditioning

a type of learning in which a stimulus acquires the capacity

to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another

stimulus

TERM 17

Father of Classical Conditioning

DEFINITION 17

Ivan Pavlov

TERM 18

Unconditioned Stimulus

(US)

DEFINITION 18

a stimulus that evoks an unconditioned response without

previous conditioning ----- meat powder

TERM 19

Unconditioned Response (UR)

DEFINITION 19

an unlearned reaction to an unconditioned stimulus that

occurs without previous conditioning ----- salivation

TERM 20

Conditioned Stimulus

(CS)

DEFINITION 20

a previously neutral stimulus that has, through conditioning,

acquired the capacity to evoke a conditioned response -----

the tone

Conditioned Response (CR)

a learned reaction to a conditioned stimulus that occurs

because of previous conditioning ----- (salivation)

TERM 22

Acquisition

DEFINITION 22

the initial stage of learning a new response tendency

TERM 23

Spontaneous Recovery

DEFINITION 23

the reappearance of an extinguished response after a period

of non-exposure to the conditioned stimulus

TERM 24

Stimulus Generalization

DEFINITION 24

occurs when an organism that has learned a response to a

specific stimulus responds in the same way to the new

stimuli that are simlar to the original stimulus

TERM 25

Extinction

DEFINITION 25

the gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned

response tendency

Positive Reinforcer

a rewarding stimulus used to strengthen a response

TERM 32

Negative Reinforcer

DEFINITION 32

the removal of an aversive stimulus used to strengthen a

response

TERM 33

Punishment

DEFINITION 33

occurs when an event following a response weakens the

tendency to make that response

TERM 34

Observational Learning

DEFINITION 34

occurs when an organism's responding is influenced by the

observation of others, who are called models

TERM 35

Observational Learning Father

DEFINITION 35

Albert Bandura

Four processes that determine when

observed behavior is most influential

1. attention 2. retention 3. reproduction 4. motivation

TERM 37

Encoding

DEFINITION 37

forming a memory code ----- requires attention

TERM 38

Storage

DEFINITION 38

maintaining encoded information in memory over time

TERM 39

Retrieval

DEFINITION 39

involves recovering information from memory stores

TERM 40

Sensory Memory

DEFINITION 40

preserves information in its original form for a brief time,

usually only a fraction of a second

Phonological Loop

recitation to temporarily hold onto, for example, a phone

number

TERM 47

Visuospatial Sketchpad

DEFINITION 47

permits people to temporarily hold and manipulate visual

images

TERM 48

Central Executive System

DEFINITION 48

controls deployment, switching, and dividing attention

TERM 49

Episodic Buffer

DEFINITION 49

allows various components of working memory to integrate

information and is the interface between working memory

and long term memory

TERM 50

Recall

DEFINITION 50

reproduce information on one's own without any cues

Recognition

select previously learned information from an array of

options

TERM 52

Shallow Processing

DEFINITION 52

Structural encoding ----- emphasize the physical structure of a

stimulus

TERM 53

Intermediate Processing

DEFINITION 53

Phonemic Encoding ----- emphasizes what a word sounds like

TERM 54

Deep Processing

DEFINITION 54

Semantic Encoding ----- emphasizes the meaning of verbal

input

TERM 55

Proactive Interference

DEFINITION 55

previously learned information interferes with the retention

of new information