Universalism vs Particularism
Resolving Dilemmas !om Conflicting Values in Cultural Diversity
Based on: Hampden-Turner & Trompenaars
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Universalism searches for what is systematic and tries to impose the rules, laws, and norms on all of its members so that things can run more efficiently. 2 ...
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2021/2022
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Universalism vs Particularism
Resolving Dilemmas !om Conflicting Values in Cultural Diversity Based on: Hampden-Turner & Trompenaars
Universalism
Universalism searches for what is systematic and tries to impose the rules, laws, and norms on all of its members so that things can run more efficiently.
Measuring Universalism
You are in a car with a friend who is driving. Your friend hits a pedestrian who was walking on the street. You know that your friend was going 50 mph in a place where the official speed limit was 30 mph. There were no other witnesses, just you. Your friend’s lawyers says that if you testify that your friend was only going 30 mph that you will save your friend from serious consequences. What right does your friend have to expect that you protect him? My friend has every right to expect me to testify that he was only going 30 mph. My friend has some right to expect me to testify that he was only going 30 mph. My friend has no right to expect me to testify that he was only going 30 mph.
The Best of Universalism
Tries to treat all people the same Everyone’s vote counts The laws apply to everyone, including the powerful and rich There is an acceptance of people who are different Favors the production for the masses
The Best of Particularism
Celebrates what is new, unique, and incomparable Oriented to those who have special tastes Everything is intimate, personal, especially for “you” Eliminates the monotony of universalism Creates vitality and energy
Exaggeration of Particularism
Ends up being aggressive (e.g., KKK) Promotes the abuse of power, coercion, mystification, conspiracy (e.g. Mafia) Has a tendency to favor certain groups Insists that something “unique” is universal, and imposes it on everyone (e.g. Prohibition Era)
Business Examples!
Case 1: Refinery Fire (Universalism) Case 2: Revson’s Revenge (Particularism) Case 3: The Indignant Client (No integration) Case 4: Watson’s Badge (Integration of both) HT&T Book Rights Global/Multinational/International vs Transnational