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USA PTP Midterm Exam Questions And
Answers
ACCE - Answer Academic Coordinator of Clinical Education - faculty member who places students in clinical experiences and monitors student performance.
Clinical Education Department - Answer The Clinical Education Department is responsible for ensuring students have completed the requirements necessary for clinical experiences such as fingerprint reports, background checks, drug screens, immunization records, CPR and First Aid training, HIPAA and OSHA training, etc.
1921 - Answer APTA's founders met at Keens Chophouse in New York City. The participants decided to create an association with the name American Women's Physical Therapeutic Association. Dues were established at $2.
Who was the first president of APTA? - Answer Mary McMillan Is Elected the First President of the American Women's Physical Therapeutic Association in 1921
Our roots - Answer • Historical events
- Infantile Paralysis Epidemics • Worl d War I
Infantile Paralysis Epidemics - Answer • Wilhelmine Wright trained people in a new procedure called "manual muscle testing"
**- Muscle training and reeducation was established as a therapeutic procedure
- 1928: published Muscle Function, benchmark** in physical therapy **- It was the basis for the work other physical therapists:
- Miriam Sweeney
- Janet Merrill
- Henry and Florence Kendall** **- Signe Brunnstrom
- Marjorie Dennen
- Alice Lou Plastridge**
World War I - Answer • The US declared war on Ge rmany in 1917
- US Surgeon General established the Division of Special Hospitals and Physical Reconstruction on August 22, 1917 **- Reconstruction Aides
- Establish physical reconstruction programs to treat wounded soldiers
- Mostly nurses and physical e** ducation graduates who went back to school for additional training
Reconstruction Aides: - Answer "They changed the lives of countless injured soldiers with no historical precedents to guide them. And they did so as independent, strong-willed women at a time when women did not have the right to vote, most did not leave home until they married, and most did not work."
Mary McMillan - Answer first US Reconstruction Aide
- 1917: Head of the program at Walter Reed General Hospital - 1918: Established training program at Reed College in Portland, OR - Additional War Emergency Training Centers were opened
Guiding Principles to Achieve the Vision of APTA - Answer Identity
quality
collaboration
value
innovation
consumer-centricity
access/equity
advocacy
APTA mission statement - Answer Building a community that advances the profession of physical therapy to improve the health of society.
VISION STATEMENT FOR THE PHYSICAL THERAPY PROFESSION - Answer Transforming society by optimizing movement to improve the human experience.
Value APTA - Answer has been defined as "the health outcomes achieved per dollar spent".1 To ensure the best value, services that the physical therapy profession will provide will be safe, effective, patient/client-centered, timely, efficient, and equitable. Outcomes will be both meaningful to patients/clients and cost-effective. Value will be demonstrated and achieved in all settings in which physical therapist services are delivered. Accountability will be a core characteristic of the profession and will be essential to demonstrating value.
innovation APTA - Answer The physical therapy profession will offer creative and proactive solutions to enhance health services delivery and to increase the value of physical therapy to society. Innovation will occur in many settings and dimensions, including health care delivery models, practice patterns, education, research, and the development of patient/client-centered procedures and devices and new technology applications. In clinical practice, collaboration with developers, engineers, and social entrepreneurs will capitalize on the technological savvy of the consumer and extend the reach of the physical therapist beyond traditional patient/client-therapist settings. Innovation in education will enhance interprofessional learning, address workforce needs, respond to declining higher education funding, and, anticipating the changing way adults learn, foster new educational models and delivery methods. In research, innovation will advance knowledge about the profession, apply new knowledge in such areas as genetics and engineering, and lead to new possibilities related to movement and function. New models of research and enhanced approaches to the translation of evidence will more expediently put these discoveries and other new information into the hands and minds of clinicians and educators.
Consumer-centricity APTA - Answer Patient/client/consumer values and goals will be central to all efforts in which the physical therapy profession will engage. The physical therapy profession embraces cultural competence as a necessary skill to ensure best practice in providing physical therapist services by responding to individual and cultural considerations, needs, and values.
Access and Equity APTA - Answer The physical therapy profession will recognize health inequities and disparities and work to ameliorate them through innovative models of service delivery, advocacy, attention to the influence of the social determinants of health on the consumer, collaboration with community entities to expand the benefit provided by physical therapy, serving as a point of entry to the health care system, and direct outreach to consumers to educate and increase awareness.
Advocacy APTA - Answer The physical therapy profession will advocate for patients/clients/consumers both as individuals and as a population, in practice,
education, and research settings to manage and promote change, adopt best practice standards and approaches, and ensure that systems are built to be consumer-centered.
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1922 - Answer the Association's name was changed to the American Physiotherapy Association (APA)
September 1922 - Answer the first Annual Conference was held at the Boston School of Physical Education
1935 - Answer the APA adopted the first "Code of Ethics"
1944 - Answer • House of Delegates representing chapter members was established with its first meeting
- Set APTA policies • Elected a Board of Directors to manage the Association
1946 - Answer the Association changed its name to the American Physical Therapy Association
1960s - Answer • APTA Membership had grown to almost 15,
**- 52 educational programs
- Predominately at baccalaureate level
- Physical Therapy services were recognized and in** cluded in the Medicare program **- The majority of states had licensure laws regulating the practice of physical therapy
- The Public Health Section was established
- The Mary McMillan Lecture and Student Scholarship Awards were established**
1970s - Answe r • APTA national office was moved to Washington, DC
- New APTA Sections were established: Sports; Pediatrics; Cardio -pulmonary; Obstetrics
key to optimal living and quality of life for all people that extends beyond health to every person's ability to participate in and contribute to society. The complex needs of society, such as those resulting from a sedentary lifestyle, beckon for the physical therapy profession to engage with consumers to reduce preventable health care costs and overcome barriers to participation in society to ensure the successful existence of society far into the future.
- While this is APTA's vision for the physical therapy profession, it is meant also to inspire others throughout society to, together, create systems that optimize movement and function for all people.
House of Delegates - Answer • Each state has representation based on the number of members
- HOD meets annually in June f or 3 days - Create policies and position statements for professional association
Board of Directors - Answer • Elected by HOD
House of Delegates Def. Website - Answer The House of Delegates is an APTA policymaking body comprised of voting chapter delegates, non-voting delegates (the Board of Directors and section, assembly, and PTA Caucus delegates), and consultants.
Composition of the board of directors - Answer 15 members
**- 6 Officers
- President
- Vice President
- Secretary
- Treasurer
- Speaker of the House
- Vice Speaker of the House
- 9 Directors**
APTA - Components - Answer Components are sub-organizations of the APTA There are 4 different categories of Components
**- State Chapters: 51
- Special** -Interest Sections: 18 **- American Council of Academic Physical Therapy (ACAPT)
- Student Assembly**
APTA - Chapters and Sections - Answer State Chapters - Each state and the District of Columbia has a Chapter or state association. Each APTA member will also be a member of at least one Chapter, typically where the member lives, works or goes to school. The governing body for each Chapter is the Assembly of Representatives.
- S ections - Special-interest groups that focus on a particular area of practice or topic of interest. Membership in one or more Sections is optional.
APTA - Specialist Certification - Answer The American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties (ABPTS) offers board-certification in the following specialty areas of practice:
**- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary
- Clinical Electrophysiology
- Geriatrics
- Neurology
- Oncology
- Orthopedics
- Pediatrics
- Sports
- Women's Health**
BENEFITS OF APTA MEMBERSHIP - Answer • Access to information!
**- Support legislative efforts
- Continuing education at a decreased cost**
core value within the physical therapist ‐ physical therapist assistant team is working together, within each partner's respective role, to achieve optimal physical therapist services and outcomes for patients and clients.
Compassion - Answer is the desire to identify with or sense something of another's experience; a precursor of caring.
Caring - Answer is the concern, empathy, and consideration for the needs and values of others.
Duty - Answer Providing effective PT services, serving the profession, positively influencing health of society
The commitment to meeting one's obligations to provide effective physical therapist services to patients and clients, to serve the profession, and to positively influence the health of society.
Excellence - Answer in the provision of physical therapist services occurs when the physical therapist and physical therapist assistant consistently use current knowledge and skills while understanding personal limits, integrate the patient or client perspective, embrace advancement, and challenge mediocrity.
Integrity - Answer is steadfast adherence to high ethical principles or standards, being truthful, ensuring fairness, following through on commitments, and verbalizing to others the rationale for actions.
"is doing the right thing even when no one is watching." -C.S. Lewis
Social Responsibility - Answer Promoting Trust between the profession and the public
-is the promotion of mutual trust between the profession and the larger public that necessitates responding to societal needs for health and wellness.
Code of Ethics - Answer The Guide provides a framework by which physical therapists may determine the propriety of their conduct. It also is intended to guide the professional development of physical therapist students. The Code of Ethics and the Guide apply to all physical therapists. These guidelines are subject to change as the dynamics of the
profession change, and as new patterns of health care delivery are developed and accepted by the professional community and the public.
Code of Ethics #1 - Answer Physical therapists shall respect the inherent dignity and rights of all individuals.
Code of Ethics #2 - Answer Physical therapists shall be trustworthy and compassionate in addressing the rights and needs of patients and clients.
Code of Ethics #3 - Answer Physical therapists shall be accountable for making sound professional judgments.
Code of Ethics #4 - Answer Physical therapists shall demonstrate integrity in their relationships with patients and clients, families, colleagues, students, research participants, other health care providers, employers, payers, and the public.
Code of Ethics #5 - Answer Physical therapists shall fulfill their legal and professional obligations.
describes the desired behavior of physical therapists in their multiple roles (eg, management of patients and clients, consultation, education, research, and administration), addresses multiple aspects of ethical action (individual, organizational, and societal), and reflects the core values of the physical therapist (accountability, altruism, collaboration, compassion and caring, duty, excellence, integrity, and social responsibility). - Answer This Code of Ethics
Code of Ethics #6 - Answer Physical therapists shall enhance their expertise through the lifelong acquisition and refinement of knowledge, skills, abilities, and professional behaviors.
Code of Ethics #7 - Answer Physical therapists shall promote organizational behaviors and business practices that benefit patients and clients and society.
E. Physical therapists shall protect confidential patient and client information and may disclose confidential information to appropriate authorities only when allowed or as required by law.
(Core Values: Altruism, Collaboration, Compassion and Caring, Duty)
Principle #3 of code of ethics - Answer A: Physical therapists shall demonstrate independent and objective professional judgment in the patient's or client's best interest in all practice settings.
B. Physical therapists shall demonstrate professional judgment informed by professional standards, evidence (including current literature and established best practice), practitioner experience, and patient and client values.
C: Physical therapists shall make judgments within their scope of practice and level of expertise and shall communicate with, collaborate with, or refer to peers or other health care professionals when necessary.
D. Physical therapists shall not engage in conflicts of interest that interfere with professional judgment.
E. Physical therapists shall provide appropriate direction of and communication with physical therapist assistants and support personnel.
(Core Values: Collaboration, Duty, Excellence, Integrity)
Principle of #4 of code of ethics - Answer A: Physical therapists shall provide truthful, accurate, and relevant information and shall not make misleading representations.
B. Physical therapists shall not exploit persons over whom they have supervisory, evaluative or other authority (eg, patients/clients, students, supervisees, research participants, or employees).
C: Physical therapists shall not engage in any sexual relationship with any of their patients and clients, supervisees, or students.
D. Physical therapists shall not harass anyone verbally, physically, emotionally, or sexually.
E: Physical therapists shall discourage misconduct by physical therapists, physical therapist assistants, and other health care professionals and, when appropriate, report illegal or unethical acts, including verbal, physical, emotional, or sexual harassment, to an appropriate authority with jurisdiction over the conduct.
Principle of #5 of code of ethics - Answer A: Physical therapists shall comply with applicable local, state, and federal laws and regulations.
B. Physical therapists shall have primary responsibility for supervision of physical therapist assistants and support personnel.
C. Physical therapists involved in research shall abide by accepted standards governing protection of research participants.
D. Physical therapists shall encourage colleagues with physical, psychological, or substance-related impairments that may adversely impact their professional responsibilities to seek assistance or counsel.
E. Physical therapists who have knowledge that a colleague is unable to perform their professional responsibilities with reasonable skill and safety shall report this information to the appropriate authority.
F. Physical therapists shall provide notice and information about alternatives for obtaining care in the event the physical therapist terminates the provider relationship while the patient or client continues to need physical therapist services.
Principle of #6 of code of ethics - Answer A. Physical therapists shall achieve and maintain professional competence.
B. Physical therapists shall take responsibility for their professional development based on critical self-assessment and reflection on changes in physical therapist practice, education, health care delivery, and technology.
C. Physical therapists shall evaluate the strength of evidence and applicability of content presented during professional development activities before integrating the content or techniques into practice.
D. Physical therapists shall cultivate practice environments that support professional development, lifelong learning, and excellence.
Principle #7 of code of ethics - Answer A. Physical therapists shall promote practice environments that support autonomous and accountable professional judgments.
B. Physical therapists shall seek remuneration as is deserved and reasonable for physical therapist services.
C. Physical therapists shall not accept gifts or other considerations that influence or give an appearance of influencing their professional judgment.
D. Physical therapists shall fully disclose any financial interest they have in products or services that they recommend to patients and clients.
an individual, business, school, government agency, or other organization for services that do not involve interventions for individuals.
Examples of consultation activities in which physical therapists may engage include: - Answer -Advising a referring practitioner about the indications for intervention
-Conducting a program to determine the suitability of employees for specific job assignments
-Developing programs that evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention plan in reducing work-related injuries
-Instructing employers about job preplacement in accordance with provisions of the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA)
-Performing environmental assessments to minimize the risk of falls
-Responding to a request for a second opinion
-Advising employers about the requirements of the ADA
-Developing programs that evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention plan in reducing work-related injuries
-Educating other health care practitioners (eg, in injury prevention)
-Examining school environments and recommending changes to improve accessibility for students with disabilities
-Participating at the local, state, and federal levels in policymaking for physical therapist services
-Providing peer review and utilization review services
-Serving as an expert witness in legal proceedings
-Working with employees, labor unions, and government agencies to develop injury reduction and safety programs
Research - Answer Critical inquiry is the process of applying the principles of scientific methods to: read and interpret professional literature; participate in, plan, and conduct research; evaluate outcome data; and assess new concepts and technologies.
Examples of critical inquiry activities in which physical therapists may engage include: - Answer -Analyzing and applying research findings to physical therapist practice and
education
· Disseminating the results of research
· Evaluating the efficacy and effectiveness of both new and established interventions and technologies
· Participating in, planning, and conducting clinical, basic, or applied research
Education - Answer is the process of imparting information or skills and instructing by precept, example, and experience so that individuals acquire knowledge, master skills, or develop competence. In addition to instruction of patients and clients as an element of intervention
physical therapists may engage in educational activities such as: - Answer -Planning and conducting academic education, clinical education, and continuing education programs for physical therapists, other providers, and students
-Planning and conducting education programs for local, state, and federal agencies
-Planning and conducting programs for the public to increase awareness of issues in which physical therapists have expertise
Administration - Answer is the skilled process of planning, directing, organizing, and managing human, technical, environmental, and financial resources effectively and efficiently. Administration includes the management by individual physical therapists of resources for patient or client management and for organizational operations.
Examples of administration activities in which physical therapists engage include: - Answer · Ensuring fiscally sound reimbursement for services rendered
· Budgeting for physical therapist services
· Managing staff resources, including the acquisition and development of clinical expertise and leadership abilities
· Monitoring quality of care and clinical productivity
· Negotiating and managing contracts
· Supervising physical therapist assistants, physical therapy aides, and other support personnel
Relationship, Practices and SKills - Answer -advocacy
-communication
-continued competence
-cultural compentence
-Emtional intelligence
-Evidence-Based Practice
-Ethical compass
-Leadership
-Lifelong learning
-respect
-Responsibility
APTA vision 2020: professionalism Goal - Answer Care documents that describe and define our professional ideas include:
-the code of ethics
-standard practice
-Policies, positions, and guidelines
Standards of Practice for physical therapy - Answer These standards are the profession's statement of conditions and performances that are essential for provision of high-quality professional service to society, and they provide a foundation for assessment of physical therapist practice.
what are the seven standards listed in the APTA's Standards of Practice for Physical Therapy. - Answer I.Ethical/Legal Considerations
II. Administration of the Physical Therapy Service
III. Patient and Client Management
IV.Education
V. Advocacy
VI. Research
VII. Community Responsibility
Ethical/Legal Considerations - Answer The physical therapist practices according to the APTA Code of Ethics for the Physical Therapist.
The physical therapist complies with all the legal requirements of jurisdictions regulating the practice of physical therapy.
Administration of the Physical Therapy Service - Answer This encompasses the range of administrative responsibilities to include:
A. Statement of Mission, Purposes, Goals, Objectives, and Scope of Services
B. Organizational Plan
C. Policies and Procedures
D. Administration
E. Fiscal Management
F. Improvement of Quality of Care and Performance
G. Staffing
H. Staff Development
I. Physical Setting
J. Coordination
Patient and Client Management - Answer Physical therapist practice incorporates all components of evidence-based practice, integrating best available research evidence, clinical expertise, and an individual's values and circumstances to make decisions regarding services for patients and clients, practice management, and health policy.
Education Standard - Answer The physical therapist is responsible for individual professional development. The physical therapist assistant is responsible for individual career development.
