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USCG BOAT CREW EXAM
When reporting contacts, what is the order in which they are reported? - ✔✔1. Description
- Bearing
- Range
- Aspect What is hypothermia? - ✔✔A lowering of the core body temperature due to exposure of cold (water or air) resulting in a subnormal body temperature. At what body temperature does hypothermia begin? - ✔✔95 degrees F What are the 3 basic hull types? - ✔✔1. Displacement
- Semi-displacement
- Planing Displacement hull - ✔✔Displaces (pushes away) water allowing the vessel to settle down in the water. Found on tankers and freighters; ATON vessels What are the 8 duties of a boat crew member? - ✔✔1. Helm watch
- Lookout watch
- Tow watch
- Anchor watch
- Rig towing and mooring lines
- Act as a surface swimmer
- Administer first aid
- Operate damage control equipment Planing hull - ✔✔At certain speeds, the hull will skim along the surface of the water. Semi-displacement hull - ✔✔Combination of planing and displacement hull; doesn't truly get on the plane. Found on medium-sized small boats such as the MLB or UTB What is pitch? - ✔✔The distance a propeller will travel through a gelatinous object in one revolution. What is stability? - ✔✔The ability of a vessel to return to a upright position after being heeled over. What are the 2 forces that affect stability? - ✔✔Center of gravity and bouyancy What is center of gravity? - ✔✔The point at which the weight of a vessel acts vertically downward What is buoyancy? - ✔✔The upward force of water displaced by the hull What is sector NY's phone number? - ✔✔ 718 - 354 - 4141 What is station King's Point's phone number? - ✔✔(516) 466- 7136
Primary extinguishing agent for Class Alpha fire - ✔✔Water PKP (dry chemical) Class Bravo fire - ✔✔Flammable or combustible liquids, flammable gases, greases, petroleum products Smoke color for Class Bravo fire - ✔✔Black or brown Primary extinguishing agent for Class Bravo fire - ✔✔AFFF CO PKP (dry chemical) Class Charlie fire - ✔✔Energized electrical equipment, conductors, or appliances Smoke color for Class Charlie fire - ✔✔Blue or white Primary extinguishing agent for Class Charlie fire - ✔✔CO PKP (dry chemical) Class Delta fire - ✔✔Combustible metals, such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, and titanium Smoke color for Class Delta fire - ✔✔Depends on the metal being burned
Primary extinguishing options for Class Delta fire - ✔✔Water (high velocity fog) Sand (placed underneath the metal) Marine distress signals (17) - ✔✔1. Red star shells
- Orange smoke marker
- Dye marker (any color)
- Flames on a boat
- Person waving arms
- November code flag flown over a Charlie code flag
- Black flag flown over a black ball
- Orange board with a black square over a black circle
- Red parachute flare
- High intensity white light flashing at intervals of 50 to 70 times per minute (inland only)
- Continuous sounding fog horn
- Gun shots fired at one-minute intervals
- SOS Morse code
- Radio telephone alarm
- Radio telegraph alarm
- MAYDAY radio broadcast
- EPIRB What does EPIRB stand for? - ✔✔Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon
Situation that may cause fatigue (9) - ✔✔1. Extreme hot or cold weather conditions
- Eye strain from hours of looking through sea-spray blurred windshields
- Effort of holding on and maintaining balance
- Stress
- Exposure to noise
- Exposure to the sun
- Poor physical conditioning
- Lack of sleep
- Boredom What is the crew's responsibility for monitoring fatigue? - ✔✔Crew must watch each other's condition to prevent excessive fatigue Primary symptoms of fatigue (6) - ✔✔1. Inability to focus or concentrate/narrowed attention span
- Confusion or judgement error
- Decreased coordination of motor skills and sensory ability
- Increased irritability
- Decreased performance
- Decreased concern for safety Describe prevention measures for fatigue (5) - ✔✔1. Adequate rest
- Appropriate dress for weather conditions
- Rotate crew duties
- Provide food and refreshments
- Observe other crew members for signs of fatigue What is motion sickness? - ✔✔Nausea and/or vomiting caused by an imbalance between visual images and the portion of the middle ear that senses motion Symptoms of motion sickness (7) - ✔✔1. Nausea and vomiting
- Increased salivation
- Unusual paleness
- Sweating
- Drowsiness
- Overall weakness
- Stomach discomfort Prevention and medication for motion sickness (5) - ✔✔1. Stay out of confined spaces
- Stay above deck in the fresh air
- Avoid concentrating on the movement of the boat by looking out over the water toward the horizon or shoreline
- Avoid smoking
- Scopolamine patches and anti-motion sickness medication When is it best to take anti-motion sickness medication? - ✔✔Throughout their watch or about 1 hour prior to getting underway
Explain how the anti-exposure coveralls work? - ✔✔Straps located at the neck, waist, thighs, wrists, and ankles are designed to section water throughout the suit, using body heat for thermoregulation What is the purpose of the emergency signaling mirror? - ✔✔Attracts attention of passing aircraft, boats, or ground rescue teams by reflecting light at them How far can the reflected light from the signaling mirror be seen? - ✔✔At great distances Where are the instructions for the signaling mirror? - ✔✔Printed on the back What is the MK-124? - ✔✔Smoke and illumination signal The day end of the MK-124 produces ___. The night end produces ___. - ✔✔orange smoke red flare Each end of the MK-124 lasts about ___. - ✔✔20 seconds The MK-124 may also be used in helo hoists to do what? - ✔✔Indicate wind direction What is the MK-79? - ✔✔Illumination signal kit The MK-79 produces a ___ ___ display. - ✔✔red star
The MK-79 flares reach heights of ___. - ✔✔ 250 - 650 ft Each MK-79 flare burns for a minimum of ___. - ✔✔4.5 seconds What is the luminosity of the MK-79? - ✔✔12,000 candlepower What are the names for the signal projector and hand-fired signals? - ✔✔MK- 31 MK- 80 How many flashes does the strobe light emit? - ✔✔ 50 - 70 per minute What is the luminosity of the strobe light? - ✔✔100,000 candlepower Flashes for ___ hours under constant operation or ___ hours when operated intermittently. - ✔✔ 9 18 On a clear night, the strobe light can be seen from a minimum range of ___. - ✔✔5 miles What emergency signal should be operated first? - ✔✔Personal Locator Beacon (PLB) On what frequencies does the PLB broadcast? - ✔✔406 MHz and 121.5 MHz
What is loaded displacement? - ✔✔The weight of the boat including fuel, water, outfit, cargo, crew, and passengers What are the three parts that make hatches watertight? - ✔✔1. Dogs
- Gaskets
- "Knife edge" What is watertight integrity? - ✔✔Includes the interior of a boat compartmentalized by bulkheads, decks, and hatches. What are general boat design features that influence stability (7)? - ✔✔1. Size and shape of hull
- Draft
- Trim
- Displacement
- Freeboard
- Superstructure size, shape, and weight
- Non-watertight openings What is the bitter end? - ✔✔The working end or free end of the line; normally the part of the line you will work with. What is the standing part? - ✔✔The part of the line left over; normally not used when tying knots.
Light configuration: Red over red - ✔✔Boat is not under command; avoid this boat Light configuration: Red over green - ✔✔Identifies a sailboat Light configuration: Red over white - ✔✔Commercial fishing vessel Light configuration: Green over white - ✔✔Vessel engaged in trawling, e.g. a shrimping boat Light configuration: White over white - ✔✔A short tug/tow, under 200 meters from stern to stern Light configuration: White over white over white - ✔✔A long tug/tow, over 200 meters from stern to stern Light configuration: Red over red over red - ✔✔A vessel constrained by her draft Light configuration: White over red - ✔✔Vessel is being piloted Light configuration: Red over white over red - ✔✔A vessel is restricted in its ability to maneuver, such as AtoN vessels Light configuration (stern): Yellow over yellow - ✔✔Tug pushing a barge (inland only) Light configuration (stern): Yellow over white - ✔✔Tug towing astern
What is shock? - ✔✔A depressed physiological or mental state True or false: shock should only be assessed once throughout the patient encounter. - ✔✔False: signs of shock should be assessed first and monitored throughout treatment What are some events that typically cause shock (8)? - ✔✔1) Trauma
- Allergic reactions
- Hypothermia
- Drugs
- Toxins
- Heart attack
- Illnesses such as diabetes
- Emotional What are some symptoms of shock (8)? - ✔✔1) Restlessness
- Fainting
- Thirst
- Nausea
- Weakness
- Anxiousness
- Fright
- Dizziness
What are some signs of shock (5)? - ✔✔1) Pulse: weak and rapid
- Breathing: shallow, rapid, and irregular
- Skin: cold, clammy (sweating)
- Pupils: dilated
- State of consciousness: alert to unconscious What are some initial treatments for shock? - ✔✔Limiting a patient's activity, or have the patient lie down. Keep them warm. If unconscious, activate EMS and CPR may be necessary What are some other procedures in treating shock? - ✔✔1) Check for medical alert jewelry
- Patient history
- Get help and transport, if advised
- Provide specific treatment, if advised
- If no head injury or breathing trouble, place victim in supine position and elevate legs about 8 to 10 inches
- Perform CPR, if necessary
- Warm with blankets, unless already overheated
- If conscious, moisten lips, if requested
- Do not allow patient to eat or drink
- Never give alcohol
- Handle gently What is anaphylactic shock? - ✔✔A rapid, extreme allergic reaction
- Drug overdose
- Choking What is resuscitation? - ✔✔A general term that covers all measures taken to restore life or consciousness to an individual What are 3 measures taken to restore life? - ✔✔1) Artificial respiration
- Cardiac compression
- CPR What is artificial respiration? - ✔✔Starting normal respiratory function, and includes breathing maneuvers, such as mouth-to-mouth, mouth-to-nose, or mouth-to-stoma What is cardiac compression? - ✔✔A method used to restore normal blood-flow to the brain CPR uses both ___ and ___ to revive a victim in respiratory and cardiac arrest. - ✔✔artificial respiration cardiac compression What are the current CPR procedures? - ✔✔1) Attempt to revive patient using a sternal rub and shouting "Are you OK?"
- If no response, recruit someone to call 911, and another to get the AED (if available)
- Lay the victim on their back if they are not already
- Look, listen, and feel for chest rise and breathing
- If patient does not appear to be breathing, start chest compressions at about 2-inches deep, counting to 30
- Perform a head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver to open airway and administer 2 artificial respirations (preferably using a pocket mask or BVM) just long enough to see chest rise.
- Perform another 30 chest compressions
- Perform CPR until the patient revives, EMS arrives, or the rescuer is physically unable to continue In what circumstances would you not perform CPR? - ✔✔When the patient is obviously dead; decapitation, incineration, major organs are missing, rigor mortis, lividity What should you do for a choking victim? - ✔✔1) Monitor patient to see if they will free the obstruction by coughing
- If they cannot free the obstruction on their own, call EMS
- Administer chest thrusts, abdominal thrusts or back blows (infants)
- If patient becomes unresponsive, begin CPR, checking airway for obstructions before administering rescue breaths
- Only perform finger sweep if the object is visible
- If object is removed, check ABCs and determine if artificial respiration or CPR is required What are signs and symptoms of a heart attack? - ✔✔1) Severe, crushing type of pain under the breastbone, arms, neck, and jaw
- Profuse sweating
- Shortness of breath
- Extreme anxiety
- Nausea and vomiting