Valence ElectronsValence Electrons
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Valence Electrons & Bohr Diagram: Understanding Atom's Outermost Energy Levels, Study notes of Chemistry
An overview of valence electrons, the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an atom, focusing on the s and p orbitals in the outermost energy level. The text also introduces the Bohr Diagram, an early model of the atom, which helps visualize the electrons in each energy level around the atom. examples of lithium, fluorine, and aluminum, illustrating the number of valence electrons based on their group number.
What you will learn
- How does the Bohr Diagram help visualize the electrons in each energy level around an atom?
- What are valence electrons and where are they located in an atom?
- How can the group number be used to determine the number of valence electrons in an atom?
Typology: Study notes
2021/2022
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Valence ElectronsValence Electrons
ElectronsElectrons
Valence electrons –
electrons in the highest
occupied energy level of
an element’s atom
Outermost energy level
Only the electrons in the s &
p orbitals
Valence electrons –
electrons in the highest
occupied energy level of
an element’s atom
Outermost energy level
Only the electrons in the s &
p orbitals
Valence ElectronsValence Electrons
Lithium: 1s^2 2s^1 2 electrons in 1st^ energy level 1 electron in 2nd^ energy level – Highest energy level 1 valence electron Fluorine: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^5 2 electrons in 1st^ energy level 7 electrons in 2nd^ energy level 7 valence electrons Aluminum: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^1 2 electrons in 1st^ energy level 8 electrons in 2nd^ energy level 3 electrons in 3rd^ energy level 3 valence electrons Lithium: 1s^2 2s^1 2 electrons in 1st^ energy level 1 electron in 2nd^ energy level – Highest energy level 1 valence electron Fluorine: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^5 2 electrons in 1st^ energy level 7 electrons in 2nd^ energy level 7 valence electrons Aluminum: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^1 2 electrons in 1st^ energy level 8 electrons in 2nd^ energy level 3 electrons in 3rd^ energy level 3 valence electrons
Valence ElectronsValence Electrons
We can also use the group number as a shortcut to determine the number of valence electrons:
Lithium: Group 1: 1
valence electron
Fluorine: Group 17: 7
valence electrons
Aluminum: Group 13:
3 valence electrons
We can also use the group number as a shortcut to determine the number of valence electrons: