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An overview of Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV), including clinical descriptions, epidemiology, impact of vaccination programs, and vaccine information for both varicella (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (shingles). It also covers VZV laboratory testing and contact information for additional resources.
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Overview of VZV Disease and Vaccination for Healthcare Professionals
Epidemiology Branch, Division Viral Diseases National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta, GA, USA
Revised August 2, 2013
1
CDC. Prevention of Varicella. MMWR 2007; 56(No. RR-4); Arvin Clin Microb Rev 19
90% cases - 70% hospitalizations - 50% deaths
Wharton Infect Dis Clin North Am 1996; Galil Pediatr Infect Dis J 2002; Davis Pediatrics 2004; Meyer J Infect Dis 2000; Nguyen NEMJ 2005
26
43
58
68
76
81 85
88 88 8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Coverage (%)
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 20 *National Immunization Survey (NIS), coverage available at http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/stats-surv/default.htm#nis Year
Varicella Cases and 1-Dose Vaccine Coverage Varicella Active Surveillance Project Sites, 1995-
Antelope Valley, California
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 Year
Varicella Cases
Vaccination coverage
West Philadelphia
-
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 Year
Vaccine Coverage
Varicella cases
90% decline in varicella incidence in both sites
Guris J Infect Dis 2008
Reduction in Varicella Health Care Costs
Zhou JAMA 2005
No. of Deaths
average=
93% decline in deaths in 2005- 2006 compared to pre-vaccine era 1990- 1994
average=
YEAR
National Center for Health Statistics
CDC. Prevention of Varicella_. MMWR_ 2007; 56(No. RR-4)