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Virginia State Board Cosmetic Tattooing 2025
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What is bacitracin? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A component of antibiotic ointments
What are signs of an allergic reaction? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> cracking, bleeding,
excessive swelling, bumps, dry skin, oozing pain, itchy skin, raise blisters, scabbing, burning, tender to touch, refuses to heal.
What is sanitizer? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> an agent that reduces the number of
microorganisms on a surface ex. countertops, sinks, door knobs / cavi wipes
What is a disinfectant? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> stronger chemical that destroys bacteria
on objects that are not living ex. window cleaner, dish soap
What is a sterilant? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> chemicals used to destroy all forms of
microorganisms INCLUDING endospores.
What are endospores? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> a resistant asexual spore that develops
inside some bacteria cells.
What are cool colors? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> blue, green, violet
What are the warm colors? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> red, orange, yellow
What is the Fitzpatrick Scale? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> system for classifying skin types
according to their tolerance of and reaction to the sun. Thomas B. Fitzpatrick coined this system in 1975
What is permanent makeup? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> introduction of permanent
pigments into the skin (papillary dermis) as an alternative to removable cosmetics. Also known as, permanent cosmetics, cosmetic tattoo, micropigmentation, PMU
What are applied cosmetics? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Removable cosmetics ex. eyeliner,
lipstick, foundation
What is Ayurveda? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Traditional Indian medicine theory dates back
to 2500 B.C. Known as the essentials science of living.
What are the four components of PMU? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Skill, type of tools,
types of pigments, and integrity of the clients skin, PMU is a trade, skill, science and art!
What are some reasons people will want cosmetic tattooing/PMU? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> Time sensitive, poor vision, MS, limited dexterity, burn victims, allergies to applied
cosmetics, active lifestyle, alopecia, loss of limbs, paralysis
What is alopecia? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Disease characterized by partial or complete
hair loss
What is the stratum granulosum? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> partially flattened cells that
contain proteins or granules that are precursors to keratin
What is the stratum basale? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> the deepest layer in the epidermis
where the cells divide and give rise to other epidermal layers.
What are desmosomes? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> small hair like structures in the spiny
layer of the epidermis
What is the stratum spinosum? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Cells in this layer are intertwined
with desmosomes, granules, control lipids that migrate + become a component of moisturizing factor.
What are lipids? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Fat or fatlike substances
What are elastins? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Connective tissue proteins
What are reticula? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> a network; netlike formation or structure
What is the papillary layer? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The most superficial layer and first to
have capillary blood vessels, small nerves + lymphatic vessels.
What is the reticular layer? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Rests on a thick pad of fat
(subcutaneous tissue) and anchors to the body.
What are two functions of the papillary dermis? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> Thermoregulation + regulating texture of the skin because it houses glycosaminoglycans
(GAGS)
What holds the epidermis and dermis together? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Rete pegs
What are the major vessels in the face + neck? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Carotid artery,
angular artery + vein, jugular vein, infraorbital artery + supraorbital vein, facial artery + frontal vein and labial artery
What artery supplies blood to the head and neck? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Carotid artery
What vein drains the blood from the head and neck back to the heart? - CORRECT
ANSWER >>> Jugular vein
Where does the supraorbital vein run? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Runs over the eye, inner
angle of the eye forms the angular vein
What nerve controls all the facial expressions? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Cranial Nerve VII
What is the trigeminal nerve? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Cranial Nerve V (5) - a large mixed
nerve both motor + sensory functions
What does the trigeminal nerve do? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Facial sensations; conducts
sensory information ex. pain + touch
What does the mentalis do? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Protrude the lower lip (fake sad)
What does the buccinator muscle do? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> muscle of the side of the
face that moves the cheek
What does the zygomaticus do? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> raises corner of mouth
What does the levator labii superioris do? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> raises upper lip
What does levator anguli oris do? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> elevates angle of mouth
What are primary colors? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> red, yellow, blue
What is a color wheel? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A diagram of colors that are arranged
according to their relationship to one another
What are blue characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> strongest color, adds depth, cool
toned
What are red characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> medium in strength, adds fullness,
warm toned
What are yellow characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> weakest, lightest + brightest,
both warm and cool toned
What are secondary colors? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Orange, Green, and Violet
These colors are made by mixing equal amounts of two primary colors together. On the color wheel they are found halfway between the two primary colors that are used to create them.
what are the teritary colors - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Mixing 2 secondary colors OR by
mixing a primary with a secondary next to it. ex. red-orange, yellow-orange, yellow-green, blue-green, blue-violet, red-violet
What happens when you mix complimentary colors? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> They turn
brown or grey
What tones are pheomelanin? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Red and yellow tones
What tones are eumelanin? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Brown and black tones
What is a clinical indication? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Condition suited for a particular
treatment or procedure based on spefics
What is a contradiction? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Any sign or symptom that a particular
treatment which otherwise would be advisable, would be inappropriate
What does OSHA stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Occupational Safety and Health
Administration
What does OSHA do? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> federal agency that regulates workplace
safety
What is lining? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Back and forth motion to create one line
What is shading? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Blending or fading of color from a more intense
to less intense area
What is kohl line? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Black dramatic line on lash line used in Middle
East
What is a hypertrophic scar? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Overly developed scar tissue that
rises about the skin level
What are keloids? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> overgrown scared tissues
What is dyschormia? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Discoloration in the skin
When do contractures occur? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> When normal elastic skin is
replaced with fibrous inelastic skin as in the case of burns
What are complications in PMU? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Unexpected events that occur
following a normally applied procedure
What is a corneal abrasion? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> scratch on the cornea
What are some complications that happen in PMU? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Infection,
scarring, dissatisfaction, corneal abrasions, eye injuries, cold sores + migration
What are granulomas? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Small nodules that form in response to
implantation of pigments
When should you start to pretreat cold sores for lip blush? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 7
days
What is erythema? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Redness caused by inflammation
No products should be used if disapproved by who? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> OSHA + CDC
Tattoo is derived from what word? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Tatua
Eyebrows are meant to shield our eyes from -- - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Dirt and sweat
Kohl is a substance used in -- - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Middle East
Why was originally kohl used for? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> To deflect the sun
What are parts of the lip? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Vermillion lip, vermillion line, white lip
What is vitiligo? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Pigmentation disease characterized by white
patches
How do you minimize complications in PMU? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Responding
appropriately and explain to the client what is being done
What does postauricular mean? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Behind the ear
What is the best place to patch test? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> postauricular
What is tannic acid? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Brownish yellow substance found in plants
used as an astringent
Where is glycolic acid derived from? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Sugar cane
What is branging? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A mark on a class of goods or product
How will a client calm the skin after a PMU procedure? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> anti
inflammatory products
What are the major glands of the eye? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Tarsal and lacrimal gland
What does periocular mean? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Around or near the eye
What does the Fitzpatrick scale consider? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Skin complexion, hair
color, eye color
What is interpersonal communication? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> communication between
two people - dyadic communication
What is a consultation? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A fact finding mission/session
The pigments used in PMU are --- - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Insoluble, nontoxic, stable
What are some PPE all techs should wear? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Masks, gloves,
eyewear
The chewing muscle of the lower jaw is known as? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Massester
Motorized devices commonly used in the tattoo industry are? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> Reciprocating coil machines
Skin is part of what system? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> integumentary system
How many parts of the face does horizontal facial analysis compare? - CORRECT ANSWER
What layer connects the dermis to the epidermis? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Papillary
The depressor anguli oris the antagonist to the ____? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Levator
anguli oris
Which nerve controls chewing? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Fifth cranial
What is the function of lymph? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Carries waste and impurities
from the cells
What gland lubricates the eye? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Tarsal
True levator palpebrae superioris works against the ____? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> Orbicularis oculi
What is the highest level of decontamination? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> sterilization
Why was OSHA established? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> To regulate employee toxic
substances and inform employees about the danger of materials used in the workplace
Which topical anesthetic minimizes swelling? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Epinephrine
How do you reduce the risk of corneal damage? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Keeping the eye
lubricated
What does the mandibular nerve affect? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The chin and lower lip
What is the name of the outermost later of the skin is characterized by the death and ultimate
sloughing of the aged keratinocyte? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Stratum Corneum
What is the tear producing gland? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Lacrimal gland
What should clients treat their cold sores with? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Valtrex
How to correct red eyebrows? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Green
How to correct blue/grey eyebrows? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Yellow/Orange
How to correct gold brows? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Violet
What is another name for the dermis? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true skin
Which layer of the skin contains melanocytes? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Stratum
Germinativum A.K.A Basal layer
What is the fatty layer found below the corium? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Adipose tissue
What layer of skin has the nerve endings that provide the skins sensation of touch, pressure,
hot, cold, and pain? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Papillary
What are melancytes? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A cell in the skin and eyes that produces
and contains the pigment called melanin
Which layer of the skin contains melanin? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Epidermis > Stratum
Germanitivum/Basal Which layer of the skin contains cells that are almost dead and are pushed to surface to replace
those that are shed from stratum corneum? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Stratum
Granulosum
What are other names for the epidermis? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Scarf skin and cuticle
layer
What is the horny layer of the skin? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Stratum Corneum
What microorgans are responsible for functions within the cell? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> Organelles
What are lamellar granules? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Control lipids that produce natural
moisturizing factors What is the progressive maturation of the keratine cell in the movement through the stratum
corneum? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Keratinization
The class of lipids that do not contain glycerol is? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Ceramides
The chief solid part of mammalian urine is called? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Urea
What are venules? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> small veins
What is the joining of parts surgical or not called? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Anastomose
Bloode vessels that connect muscles and skin are known as? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> Musculocutaneous perforators
What are pons? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A structure located on the brain stem that
monitors the information sent to your brain and decides where, or if it should be processed.
What glands are important for the functions of the eye? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> Meibomian and lacrimal
