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WAFL 11 phys guest lecture knowledge checks Questions With Complete Solutions COPD and pneumonia 3- Pneumonia you are treating a 40 yr old individual who is recuperating from pneumonia
- what symptoms during rehab may be a limiting factor in recovery from pneumonia
- the development of what symptoms during pulmonary rehab should prompt the PT to stop the treatment session and seek medical assistance
- Dyspnea may be limiting factor (difficult or labored breathing)
- pts who are febrile (having or showing symptoms of a fever), significant dyspneic, or coughing severely should not receive PT. and development of these symptoms during PT should prompt a call for assistance COPD 1)pt complains of breathlessness while engaging in exercise intervention to improve fitness. what is the appropriate saturation level for this for this individual? why is incorrect to
increase supplemental oxygen to 98% saturation
- what are the benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation
- 90-92%. the goal of oxygen therapy is not to return oxygen levels to normal but to a reasonable level. excessive oxygen therapy can cause retention of CO2, somnolence, and respiratory failure in some patients
- pulmonary rehab has been shown to improve exercise capacity and QOL and to decrease health care utilization (and perhaps mortality =) Asthma the term "restrictive airway disease" is used to describe what type of situation? - what is the extent of the asthma symptoms a decrease in the total volume of air that the lungs are able to hold Matching: Match the choices a, b, c etc. with the most correct description. a. Asthma b. Chronic Bronchitis c. Pneumonia d. Emphysema chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by acute exacerbations interspersed with symptom-free periods A
infection of the pulmonary parenchyma, may be caused by any number of microorganisms C Patient with COPD: Which of the signs or symptoms should prompt a Physical Therapist tostop PT treatment and to seek medical attention? a. cough b. marked increase in dyspnea c. fatigue and exercise intolerance B Which class of drugs is most beneficial to achieve bronchodilation in patients with COPD? a. inhaled steroids b. oral antibiotics c. inhaled beta-2 agonists C Which of the following are characteristic results of a pulmonary function test for individuals with COPD? a. decreased peak expiratory flow rate and decreased FEV /FVC b. decreased total lung volume with normal expiratory flow rate A
What are the "typical" signs and symptoms of community- acquired pneumonia? a. loss of appetite, nausea, pain with inspiration, and fatigue b. impairment in cognition, blurred vision, fever, and headache c. fever, shaking chills, productive cough, dyspnea, and chest pain C Walking Pneumonia" usually presents which of the following symptoms? a. gradual development of dry cough and dyspnea and may include other extra-pulmonary symptoms like myalgias. b. decreased endurance, changes in cognition, fever c. usually there are no symptoms, the pneumonia is found on x- ray A Many of the signs and symptoms of pneumonia are due to products of the inflammatory process and include secretion of cytokines. a. True b. False A COPD can be effectively treated with return of normal lung function. a. True, appropriate treatment with medications can stimulate
Most individuals can monitor their asthma symptoms and use of which of the following toprovide information about their disease? a. smart watch that records number of steps/day b. sleep journal c. peak flow rate device C infectious diseases ... 3- Which of the following terms is used to describe the complete genetic content of all the microorganisms that typically inhabit a body part, e.g., the skin or gastrointestinal tract a. Inflammatory proteins b. Infectious organisms c. Microbiome d. Bacteria C Which term describes the ratio between toxic and effective dose of an antibiotic? a. Therapeutic index b. Bacteriostatic c. Minimum inhibitor concentration A
Which organism causes profuse watery diarrhea, requires standard precautions (contact precautions), and requires soap and water to kill the spores, not alcohol rub? Hint: this organism occurs as a common side effect of antibiotic therapy. a. C difficile b. Staphylococci c. Streptococci d. Salmonella A What type of protective PPE would you wear to irrigating a wound? a. gloves only b. generally none c. gloves, gown, mask/goggles, or face shield C What type of protective PPE would you wear during an emergency where blood is spurting? a. gloves and gown b. gloves, fluid-resistant gown, mask/goggles, or a face shield c. gloves B Which of the following are common side effects of antibiotic treatments? a. rash, tendonitis, myopathy, seizures
Which of the following are symptoms of septic arthritis? a. unilateral red, hot, swollen joint, decreased range of motion b. bilateral joint stiffness and muscle pain c. bilateral swelling in lower extremities A Which infection would be a major concern for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus and an open wound (often called diabetic ulcer)? a. ear b. gastrointestinal c. osteomyelitis C Which of the following infections are there NO vaccines available but there are effective treatment therapies? a. Hepatitis A and B b. Hepatitis C and HIV B What protective device prevents spread of infectious respiratory droplets? a. mask b. gloves c. gown A
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of Cellulitis, a situation that requires medical referral and treatment? a. bilateral edema in feet and ankles b. decreased joint range of motion and pain with joint movement c. redness and swelling of infected body part C What are the warning signs that cellulitis that has become necrotizing fasciitis, a condition that requires emergent surgery? a. irregular pulse rate, patient complains of being lightheadedness, sleep disturbance b. severe pain, cutaneous necrosis, edema, systemic toxicity, bullae (fluid filled sac) c. loss of appetite and weight loss B Which of the following are signs and symptoms of Infective Endocarditis, a situation that requires medical referral and treatment? a. temperature, peripheral lesions (e.g., petechiae, splinter hemorrhages), myalgia, arthralgia b. sharp stabbing chest pain with inspiration, mid-thoracic back pain, fatigue c. headaches accompanied with visual changes, hypotension A hypertension
Which of the following would you recommend for individuals with hypertension who want to increase muscle strength? a. isometric/static weight lifting b. circuit weight training that involves an aerobic component in a series of repetitive contractions B Which of the following would require immediate emergency treatment to lower blood pressure, also known as a hypertensive emergency. a. individual with blood pressure of 160/ b. all individuals with a blood pressure of 180/ c. individual with elevated blood pressure and signs or symptoms of end organ failure C The drug class of ACE inhibitors is widely used to lower blood pressure which blocks the conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II. Blocking formation of Angiotensin II helps to lower blood pressure by which mechanism? a. promotes relaxation of vascular smooth muscle b. promotes water loss c. blocks vasoconstriction and Aldosterone secretion C The drug class of Calcium Channel Blockers helps to lower blood pressure by which mechanism?
a. reduces systemic vascular resistance b. promotes water loss A Beta-blockers like metoprolol will impact the blood pressure response to exercise in what way? a. individuals will have an elevates heart rate response while exercising b. individuals will have a blunted heart rate response to exercise B intro to pharmacology 4- Which of the following define Bioavailability? a. rate of Gastrointestinal absorption b. minimum dose to achieve desired effect c. percent of drug that reaches the systemic circulation C Which of the following affect a drug's bioavailability? a. drug dosage b. hepatic first pass effect c. rate of urine formation B Which organ is primarily responsible for drug elimination? a. Kidney
their mechanism of action b. Drug action in the body over time influenced by absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination c. Pharmaceutical phase of dissolution of drug B Which of the following define effective dose of a drug? a. concentration of the drug after one-half life b. concentration of the drug that is metabolized by enzymes in the liver c. concentration of drug in the therapeutic range C Which of the following situations would require monitoring of drug dosage to avoid toxic drug reactions? a. drugs with a narrow therapeutic range b. drugs with a wide therapeutic range c. drugs administered in solution because they by pass the dissolution phase A Which of the following situations increases the risk for adverse drug effects? a. elderly age b. decreased renal function c. increased number of drug prescriptions and includes over-the-
counter drugs (OTC) d. all of the above D Renal dosing of a drug is dependent on which of the following? a. Clearance of Creatinine to determine eGFR b. Volume of urine output c. Blood flow to the kidney d. First pass effect A What is the time scale of drug interactions? a. Rapid within 24 hours b. Delayed over days to weeks c. drug interactions can be rapid or delayed C
